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Valorization of industrial waste and by-product streams via fermentation for the production of chemicals and biopolymers

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TLDR
It is evident that fermentative production of chemicals and biopolymers via refining of waste and by-product streams is a highly important research area with significant prospects for industrial applications.
Abstract
The transition from a fossil fuel-based economy to a bio-based economy necessitates the exploitation of synergies, scientific innovations and breakthroughs, and step changes in the infrastructure of chemical industry. Sustainable production of chemicals and biopolymers should be dependent entirely on renewable carbon. White biotechnology could provide the necessary tools for the evolution of microbial bioconversion into a key unit operation in future biorefineries. Waste and by-product streams from existing industrial sectors (e.g., food industry, pulp and paper industry, biodiesel and bioethanol production) could be used as renewable resources for both biorefinery development and production of nutrient-complete fermentation feedstocks. This review focuses on the potential of utilizing waste and by-product streams from current industrial activities for the production of chemicals and biopolymers via microbial bioconversion. The first part of this review presents the current status and prospects on fermentative production of important platform chemicals (i.e., selected C2-C6 metabolic products and single cell oil) and biopolymers (i.e., polyhydroxyalkanoates and bacterial cellulose). In the second part, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of waste and by-product streams from existing industrial sectors are presented. In the third part, the techno-economic aspects of bioconversion processes are critically reviewed. Four case studies showing the potential of case-specific waste and by-product streams for the production of succinic acid and polyhydroxyalkanoates are presented. It is evident that fermentative production of chemicals and biopolymers via refining of waste and by-product streams is a highly important research area with significant prospects for industrial applications.

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Citations
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Mystery behind Chinese liquor fermentation

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Production of bioplastic through food waste valorization.

TL;DR: This review focuses on current technologies for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from food waste, with particular attention paid to fermentation technologies based on pure and mixed cultures.
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Producing PHAs in the bioeconomy — Towards a sustainable bioplastic

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have shown that polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) can contribute to greenhouse gas emission reduction targets, waste reduction as well as green jobs and innovation in the biotechnology sector.
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Bioremediation 3.0: Engineering pollutant-removing bacteria in the times of systemic biology.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze how contemporary systemic biology is helping to take the design of bioremediation agents back to the core of environmental biotechnology and propose an engineering workflow.
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Bioconversion of biomass waste into high value chemicals.

TL;DR: The valorization of inexpensive, abundantly available, and renewable biomass waste could provide significant benefits in response to increasing fossil fuel demands and manufacturing costs, as well as emerging environmental concerns.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Advances on waste valorization: new horizons for a more sustainable society

TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarized recent development of waste valorization strategies for the sustainable production of chemicals, materials, and fuels through the development of green production strategies, and provided key insights into recent legislation on management of waste worldwide as well as two relevant case studies.
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Butyric acid fermentation in a fibrous bed bioreactor with immobilized Clostridium tyrobutyricum from cane molasses.

TL;DR: Butyrate fermentation by immobilized Clostridium tyrobutyricum was successfully carried out in a fibrous bed bioreactor using cane molasses and it was found that sulfuric acid treatment gave better results regarding butyrate concentration.
Journal ArticleDOI

Batch and continuous fermentation of succinic acid from wood hydrolysate by Mannheimia succiniciproducens MBEL55E

TL;DR: In this paper, Mannheimia succiniciproducens MBEL55E was used for the production of succinic acid in a complex medium containing a NaOH-treated wood hydrolysate.

Systems Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for the Production of Cadaverine: A Five Carbon Diamine

TL;DR: Development of a metabolically engineered strain of Escherichia coli that overproduces cadaverine in glucose mineral salts medium is reported, which should be useful for the bio‐based production of cADAverine from renewable resources.
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Yarrowia lipolytica: A model microorganism used for the production of tailor‐made lipids

TL;DR: Although Y. lipolytica tended to increase the intracellular level of stearic acid, its reserve lipid could be used as a cocoa butter substitute, provided that an oleic acid donor, such as chemically hydrolyzed rapeseed oil, is used as co-substrate together with stearin.
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