DECHEMA

About: DECHEMA is a nonprofit organization based out in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Corrosion & Oxide. The organization has 756 authors who have published 1307 publications receiving 25693 citations.

Prediction of Mechanical Scale Failure – Current Status and Perspectives

Abstract: A new model concept for predicting mechanical oxide scale failure is applied to Al2O3, Cr2O3, Fe3O4 and NiO. The calculated critical strain values are plotted versus the physical defect size using a simplified version of the original h-w-concept. A limited number of experimental data existing in the literature were entered into the plots and yield satisfactory agreement with the model data. Future efforts should focus on extending the experimental data basis and converting these data into h-values for the model.

CO2 – und was nun? Technische Optionen für den Umgang mit CO2

Abstract: Der durch anthropogene Emissionen von CO2 und anderen klimarelevanten Gasen verursachte Klimawandel ist Gegenstand einer intensiven offentlichen Debatte Die politischen Bemuhungen, den Klimawandel zu begrenzen, wurden intensiviert, doch bei allen Bemuhungen um die Reduzierung von CO2-Emissionen fuhren die diskutierten Szenarien zum Klimawandel zu einer Erhohung der globalen Durchschnittstemperatur Selbst fur das gunstigste Szenario werden +2 °C bis 2100 erwartet Das Europaische Parlament verabschiedete eine Resolution, die die Europaische Kommission auffordert, ein umfangreiches Masnahmenpaket vorzulegen mit dem Ziel, alle Moglichkeiten zur Gewahrleistung des +2 °C-Zieles auszuschopfen

Production‐Integrated Environmental Protection

Abstract: The article contains sections titled: 1. Production-Integrated Environmental Protection in the Chemical Industry 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Formation of Residues in Chemical Processes 1.3. Environmental Concepts in the Chemical Industry 1.3.1. The Concept of Integrated Environmental Protection 1.3.2. Environmental Protection in Research and Development 1.3.3. Integrated and Additive Concepts of Environmental Protection 1.3.4. Comparison of Integrated and Additive Environmental Protection 1.4. Limitations of Production-Integrated Environmental Protection 1.4.1. Technical Limitations 1.4.2. Economic Limitations 1.5. Effect of Production-Integrated Environmental Protection 1.6. Costs of Integrated Measures 2. Examples of Production-Integrated Environmental Protection in the Chemical Industry 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Selected Examples 2.2.1. Examples from Hoechst 2.2.1.1. Recovery and Utilization of Residues in the Production of Viscose Staple Fiber 2.2.1.2. Recovery of Methanol and Acetic Acid in Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Production 2.2.1.3. Acetylation without Contamination of Wastewater 2.2.1.4. Reutilization Plant for Organohalogen Compounds 2.2.1.5. Vacuum Technology for Closed Production Cycles 2.2.1.6. Utilization of Exhaust Gases and Liquid Residues of Chlorination Processes for Production of Clean Hydrochloric Acid 2.2.1.7. Production of Neopentyl Glycol: Higher Yield by Internal Recycling 2.2.1.8. Optimization of Ester Waxoil Production and Recovery of Auxiliary Products 2.2.1.9. Biochemical Production of 7-Aminocephalosporanic Acid 2.2.2. Examples from Bayer 2.2.2.1. Avoidance of Wastewater and Residues in the Production of H Acid (1-Amino-8-hydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid) 2.2.2.2. High-Yield Production of Alkanesulfonates by Means of Membrane Technology 2.2.2.3. Selective Chlorination of Toluene in the para-Position 2.2.2.4. Production of Naphthalenedisulfonic Acid with Closed Recycling of Auxiliaries 2.2.2.5. Avoiding Residues in Dye Production by Using Membrane Processes 2.2.2.6. Fuel Replacement in Sewage Sludge Combustion by Utilization of Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Side Products 2.2.3. Examples from BASF 2.2.3.1. Emission Reduction in Industrial Power Plants at Chemical Plant Sites by Means of Optimized Cogeneration 2.2.3.2. Closed-Cycle Wittig Reaction 2.2.4. Integrated Environmental Protection and Energy Saving in the Production of Vinyl Chloride (Example from Wacker Chemie) 2.2.5. Examples from Huls 2.2.5.1. Integrated Environmental Protection in Cumene Production 2.2.5.2. Production of Acetylene by the Huls Plasma Arc Process 2.2.6. Low-Residue Process for Titanium Dioxide Production (Example from Kronos International) 2.2.7. Reduction of Waste Production and Energy Consumption in the Production of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (Example from Henkel) 2.2.8. Integrated Environmental Protection in the Production of Vitamins (Example from F. Hoffmann-La Roche) 2.2.9. Production of Pure Naphthalene without Residues-Replacement of Chemical Purification by Optimized Multiple Crystallization (Example from VFT) 2.2.10. Improvements in the Polypropylene Production Process (Example from Shell) 2.2.11. The Zero-Residue Refinery Using the Shell Gasification Process (Shell - Lurgi Example) 2.2.12. Neutral Salt Splitting with the Use of Hydrogen Depolarized Anodes (HydrinaTechnology, Example from De Nora Permelec) 2.2.13. Ultrapure Isopropanol Purification and Recycling System (Example from Mitsubishi Chemical) 2.2.14. Examples from Boehringer Mannheim 2.2.14.1. Biocatalytic Splitting of Penicillin 2.2.14.2. Production of Diagnostic Reagents by Means of Genetic Engineering: Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and α-Glucosidase 3. Acknowledgement