Institution
Ikerbasque
Other•Bilbao, Spain•
About: Ikerbasque is a other organization based out in Bilbao, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Graphene & Quantum. The organization has 713 authors who have published 7967 publications receiving 231990 citations. The organization is also known as: Basque Foundation for Science.
Topics: Graphene, Quantum, Population, Galaxy, Magnetization
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a critique of the policy of language isolation in TESOL and propose an innovative plurilingual approach to the teaching of English that softens the boundaries between languages.
Abstract: & This forum article presents a critique of the policy of language isolation in TESOL and proposes an innovative plurilingual approach to the teaching of English that softens the boundaries between languages. First, the article looks at how teaching English as a second or foreign language has traditionally been associated with teaching practices that encourage the isolation of English from the other languages in the student’s repertoire and in the school curriculum. Then, some proposals that consider the need to make the boundaries between languages softer are considered, including the concept of plurilingualism of the Council of Europe. The article ends by providing some teaching implications for TESOL professionals. English is the dominant language of international communication, and as such it is intensively used and taught in the European Union (EU) as well as elsewhere in the world. The results of the European Survey on Language Competences (ESLC) indicate that, outside the United Kingdom, English is the most widely taught foreign language in the EU with the exception of the Flemish and German communities of
129 citations
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TL;DR: The state-of-the-art in the field of biocompatibility and biodegradability of graphene-related materials (such as 2D materials like MoS2, BN or WS2) is summarized.
129 citations
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TL;DR: It was found that the biotransformation products of RBBR showed less phytotoxicity than the dye itself and a metabolic pathway for RBBR transformation by laccase was proposed.
129 citations
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University of Augsburg1, University of Antwerp2, University of California, San Diego3, Wuhan University4, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology5, University of Cambridge6, University of California, Berkeley7, University of Sydney8, Stanford University9, Beijing Institute of Technology10, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology11, University of the Basque Country12, Ikerbasque13, Scripps Research Institute14
TL;DR: In this paper, different classes of reticular materials have been developed, how these frameworks can be functionalized, and how complexity can be introduced into their backbones, showing how the structural control over these materials is being extended from the molecular scale to their crystal morphology and shape on the nanoscale, all the way to their shaping on the bulk scale.
Abstract: At its core, reticular chemistry has translated the precision and expertise of organic and inorganic synthesis to the solid state. While initial excitement over metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) was undoubtedly fueled by their unprecedented porosity and surface areas, the most profound scientific innovation of the field has been the elaboration of design strategies for the synthesis of extended crystalline solids through strong directional bonds. In this contribution we highlight the different classes of reticular materials that have been developed, how these frameworks can be functionalized, and how complexity can be introduced into their backbones. Finally, we show how the structural control over these materials is being extended from the molecular scale to their crystal morphology and shape on the nanoscale, all the way to their shaping on the bulk scale.
128 citations
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University of Iceland1, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile2, University of Copenhagen3, University of California, Santa Cruz4, University of Leicester5, European Southern Observatory6, Spanish National Research Council7, Stockholm University8, Liverpool John Moores University9, Max Planck Society10, University of the Basque Country11, Ikerbasque12, University of Chile13, University of California, Berkeley14, Goddard Space Flight Center15, Weizmann Institute of Science16, University of Amsterdam17, University of Warwick18, Andrés Bello National University19, Australian National University20, Rice University21, Space Science Institute22, Harvard University23, Brera Astronomical Observatory24, National Radio Astronomy Observatory25, University of Turku26, University of Milan27, University of Tokyo28, Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences29, University of Hawaii at Manoa30, Queen's University Belfast31, University of Chicago32
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a spectroscopy campaign using medium and low-resolution spectrographs with 6-10m class telescopes, which covered a time span of 37.3 days, and a multi-wavelength imaging campaign, which ranged from radio to X-ray energies over a duration of ∼270 days.
Abstract: Context. At low redshift, a handful of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been discovered with luminosities that are substantially lower (Liso 10 49.5 erg s −1 ). It has been suggested that the properties of several low-luminosity (low-L) GRBs are due to shock break-out, as opposed to the emission from ultrarelativistic jets. This has led to much debate about how the populations are connected. Aims. The burst at redshift z = 0.283 from 2012 April 22 is one of the very few examples of intermediate-L GRBs with a γ-ray luminosity of Liso ∼ 10 49.6−49.9 erg s −1 that have been detected up to now. With the robust detection of its accompanying supernova SN 2012bz, it has the potential to answer important questions on the origin of low- and high-L GRBs and the GRB-SN connection. Methods. We carried out a spectroscopy campaign using medium- and low-resolution spectrographs with 6–10-m class telescopes, which covered a time span of 37.3 days, and a multi-wavelength imaging campaign, which ranged from radio to X-ray energies over a duration of ∼270 days. Furthermore, we used a tuneable filter that is centred at Hα to map star-formation in the host and the surrounding galaxies. We used these data to extract and model the properties of different radiation components and fitted the spectral energy distribution to extract the properties of the host galaxy. Results. Modelling the light curve and spectral energy distribution from the radio to the X-rays revealed that the blast wave expanded with an initial Lorentz factor of Γ0 ∼ 50, which is a low value in comparison to high-L GRBs, and that the afterglow had an exceptionally low peak luminosity density of <2 × 10 30 erg s −1 Hz −1 in the sub-mm. Because of the weak afterglow component, we were able to recover the signature of a shock break-out in an event that was not a genuine low-L GRB for the first time. At 1.4 hr after the burst, the stellar envelope had a blackbody temperature of kBT ∼ 16 eV and a radius of ∼7 × 10 13 cm (both in the observer frame). The accompanying SN 2012bz reached a peak luminosity of MV = −19.7 mag, which is 0.3 mag more luminous than SN 1998bw. The synthesised nickel mass of 0.58 M� , ejecta mass of 5.87 M� ,a nd kinetic energy of 4.10 × 10 52 erg were among the highest for GRB-SNe, which makes it the most luminous spectroscopically confirmed SN to date. Nebular emission lines at the GRB location were visible, which extend from the galaxy nucleus to the explosion site. The host and the explosion site had close-to-solar metallicity. The burst occurred in an isolated star-forming region with an SFR that is 1/10 of that in the galaxy’s nucleus. Conclusions. While the prompt γ-ray emission points to a high-L GRB, the weak afterglow and the low Γ0 were very atypical for such a burst. Moreover, the detection of the shock break-out signature is a new quality for high-L GRBs. So far, shock break-outs were exclusively detected for low-L GRBs, while GRB 120422A had an intermediate Liso of ∼10 49.6−49.9 erg s −1 . Therefore, we conclude that GRB 120422A was a transition object between low- and high-L GRBs, which supports the failed-jet model that connects low-L GRBs that are driven by shock break-outs and high-L GRBs that are powered by ultra-relativistic jets.
128 citations
Authors
Showing all 775 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Luis M. Liz-Marzán | 132 | 616 | 61684 |
Maurizio Prato | 109 | 741 | 63055 |
Francisco Guinea | 108 | 573 | 69426 |
Rafael Yuste | 104 | 342 | 37415 |
Tom Broadhurst | 96 | 422 | 30074 |
Alexei Verkhratsky | 89 | 450 | 29788 |
Maria Forsyth | 84 | 749 | 33340 |
J. Garay Garcia | 81 | 348 | 23275 |
Ángel Borja | 77 | 316 | 20302 |
Wei Zhang | 76 | 1932 | 34966 |
Mirko Prato | 76 | 370 | 21189 |
Nate Bastian | 76 | 355 | 18342 |
A. J. Castro-Tirado | 72 | 728 | 24272 |
Rainer Hillenbrand | 71 | 227 | 18259 |
B. Andrei Bernevig | 69 | 280 | 29935 |