Katholieke Universiteit Leuven

About: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven is a education organization based out in Leuven, Belgium. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 61109 authors who have published 176584 publications receiving 6210872 citations.

Revised guidelines for the clinical management of Lynch syndrome (HNPCC): recommendations by a group of European experts

Abstract: Lynch syndrome (LS) is characterised by the development of colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer and various other cancers, and is caused by a mutation in one of the mismatch repair genes: MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 or PMS2. In 2007, a group of European experts (the Mallorca group) published guidelines for the clinical management of LS. Since then substantial new information has become available necessitating an update of the guidelines. In 2011 and 2012 workshops were organised in Palma de Mallorca. A total of 35 specialists from 13 countries participated in the meetings. The first step was to formulate important clinical questions. Then a systematic literature search was performed using the Pubmed database and manual searches of relevant articles. During the workshops the outcome of the literature search was discussed in detail. The guidelines described in this paper may be helpful for the appropriate management of families with LS. Prospective controlled studies should be undertaken to improve further the care of these families.

The Developmental Psychopathology of Anxiety

Abstract: Anxiety is one of the basic human emotions (Plutchik, 1980) and is present in all persons at some time, often on a daily basis to some degree. Concerns about taking a test or being late for an appointment often indicate anxiety in everyday life. Anxiety has a well-defined progression that is recognizable in infancy and progresses through childhood as an indicator of developmental progress. Anxiety and fear are related and often are used interchangeably. Arguably, anxiety has been described as reflecting concerns about subjective, anticipatory events, while fear has been considered to be in response to objective threatening events. Gray and McNaughton (2000) suggested that fear is a defensive response to a real threat, while anxiety is a defensive response to a perceived threat. This chapter will focus primarily on anxiety as a subjective experience of future events, although it is well known that children may have fears of specific stimuli, such as large animals, loud sounds, and unfamiliar people.

Plant Lectins: A Composite of Several Distinct Families of Structurally and Evolutionary Related Proteins with Diverse Biological Roles

Abstract: Many plants contain carbohydrate-binding proteins that are commonly designated as lectins, agglutinins, or hemagglutinins. Due to the obvious differences in molecular structure, biochemical properties, and carbohydrate-binding specificity, plant lectins are usually considered a complex and heterogeneous group of proteins. Recent advances in the structural analysis of lectins and molecular cloning of lectin genes enable subdividision of plant lectins in a limited number of subgroups of structurally and evolutionary related proteins. Four major lectin families, namely, the legume lectins, the chitin-binding lectins composed of hevein domains, the type 2 ribosome-inactivating proteins, and the monocot mannose-binding lectins comprise the majority of all currently known plant lectins. In addition to these four large families the jacalin-related lectins, the amaranthin family, and the Cucurbitaceae phloem lectins are now recognized as separate subgroups. Each of the above-mentioned lectin families is discussed...

Hyper-Rayleigh scattering in solution.

Abstract: Hyper-Rayleigh scattering in solution is used for the determination of the hyperpolarizability of nonlinear optical molecules. Obtaining the first hyperpolarizability \ensuremath{\beta} without having to independently determine the dipole moment \ensuremath{\mu} and the second hyperpolarizability \ensuremath{\gamma} is an advantage over the electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation technique. Values of the first hyperpolarizability \ensuremath{\beta} of 23\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}30}$ esu for para-nitroaniline, 105\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}30}$ esu for 4-methoxy-4'-nitrostilbene, and 95\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}30}$ esu for 4-hydroxy-4'-nitrostilbene dissolved in chloroform have been obtained. The equivalent-internal-field model is shown to hold for small saturated molecules.