National Research University – Higher School of Economics

About: National Research University – Higher School of Economics is a education organization based out in Moscow, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Computer science. The organization has 12873 authors who have published 23376 publications receiving 256396 citations.

Relativistic classical integrable tops and quantum R-matrices

Abstract: We describe classical top-like integrable systems arising from the quantum exchange relations and corresponding Sklyanin algebras. The Lax operator is expressed in terms of the quantum non-dynamical R-matrix even at the classical level, where the Planck constant plays the role of the relativistic deformation parameter in the sense of Ruijsenaars and Schneider (RS). The integrable systems (relativistic tops) are described as multidimensional Euler tops, and the inertia tensors are written in terms of the quan- tum and classical R-matrices. A particular case of glN system is gauge equivalent to the N-particle RS model while a generic top is related to the spin generalization of the RS model. The simple relation between quantum R-matrices and classical Lax operators is exploited in two ways. In the elliptic case we use the Belavin's quantum R-matrix to de- scribe the relativistic classical tops. Also by the passage to the noncommutative torus we study the large N limit corresponding to the relativistic version of the nonlocal 2d elliptic hydrodynamics. Conversely, in the rational case we obtain a new gl N quantum rational non-dynamical R-matrix via the relativistic top, which we get in a different way — using the factorized form of the RS Lax operator and the classical Symplectic Hecke (gauge) transformation. In particular case of gl2 the quantum rational R-matrix is 11-vertex. It was previously found by Cherednik. At last, we describe the integrable spin chains and Gaudin models related to the obtained R-matrix.

Islam & the West: Testing the Clash of Civilizations Thesis

Abstract: In seeking to understand the root causes of the events of 9/11 many accounts have turned to Samuel P. Huntington's provocative and controversial thesis of a "clash of civilizations", arousing strong debate. Evidence from the 1995-2001 waves of the World Values Study provide survey evidence allowing us, for the first time, to sift the truth in this debate by comparing attitudes and values in 75 societies around the globe, including many Islamic and Western states. The results confirm the first claim in Huntington's thesis: culture does matter, and indeed matters a lot, so that religious legacies leave their distinct imprint on contemporary values. But Huntington is essentially mistaken in assuming that the core clash between the West and Islamic worlds concerns democracy, as the evidence suggests striking similarities in the political values held in these societies. It remains true that Islamic nations differ from the West on issues of religious leadership, but this is not a simple dichotomous clash, as many countries around the globe display similar attitudes to Islam. Moreover the original thesis fails to identify the primary cultural fault line between the West and Islam, concerning the social issues of gender equality and sexual liberalization. The values separating Islam and the West revolve far more centrally around Eros than Demos.

Perceptions of world politics and support for terrorism among Muslims: Evidence from Muslim countries and Western Europe:

Abstract: Focusing on Muslim populations in five Muslim-majority countries and four Western European countries, we examine the correlates of popular support for terrorist violence. In both samples, support for terrorism is stronger among those who see democracy as a Western political system which is not suitable for Muslim societies. Perceived Western economic dominance is related to more support for terrorism among Muslims in Western Europe. In the Muslim countries, blaming the West for negative international relations is associated with greater support for terrorism. The associations found are remarkably similar across the Western European countries but vary considerably across the Muslim countries, preventing generalized interpretations. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that perceptions about world politics represent an important factor of pro-terrorist views among Muslims. Therefore, we suggest that improvement of the relationships between the West and the Muslim world can reduce support for terrorism.