Tehran University of Medical Sciences

About: Tehran University of Medical Sciences is a education organization based out in Tehran, Iran. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 35661 authors who have published 57234 publications receiving 878523 citations. The organization is also known as: TUMS.

Dye Removal, Energy Consumption and Operating Cost of Electrocoagulation of Textile Wastewater as a Clean Process

Abstract: In this research, the efficiency of electrocoagulation treatment process using aluminum electrodes to treat synthetic wastewater containing Reactive Red198 (RR198) was studied. The effects of parameters such as voltage, time of reaction, electrode connection mode, initial dye concentration, electrolyte concentration, and inter electrode distance on dye removal efficiency were investigated. In addition, electrical energy consumption, electrode consumption, and operating cost at optimum condition have been investigated. The results showed that dye and chemical oxygen demand removals were 98.6 and 84%, respectively. Electrode consumption, energy consumption and operating cost were 0.052 kg/m 3 , 1.303 kWh/m 3 and 0.256 US$/m 3 , respectively. Dye removal kinetic followed first order kinetics. It can be concluded that electrocoagulation process by aluminum electrode is very efficient and clean process for reactive dye removal from colored wastewater.

The diagnostic value of the upper lip bite test combined with sternomental distance, thyromental distance, and interincisor distance for prediction of easy laryngoscopy and intubation: a prospective study

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Accuracy of upper lip bite test (ULBT) has been compared with the Mallampati classification. In this study, we investigated whether the combination of the ULBT classification with sternomental distance (SMD), thyromental distance (TMD), and interincisor distance (IID) or a composite score can improve the ability to predict easy laryngoscopy and intubation compared with each test alone. METHODS: In a prospective study, 380 patients who were scheduled for elective surgery were selected randomly and enrolled in the study. Before inducing anesthesia, the airways were assessed, and ULBT class, SMD, TMD, and IID determined. Laryngoscopic view according to the Cormack and Lehane grading system was determined after induction of anesthesia and Grades 3 and 4 defined as “difficult intubation.” By using receiver operating characteristic analysis, the best cutoff points of the tests were calculated. Finally, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of these tests and their combinations with the ULBT were calculated. RESULTS: The prevalence of difficult intubation was 5% (n 19). Class III ULBT, IID 4.5 cm, TMD 6.5 cm, and SMD 13 cm were defined as predictors of difficult intubation. There was no significant difference regarding difficult intubation based on gender (P 0.05), whereas there were significant differences between the older tests and laryngeal view (P 0.05, Mc-Nemar test). Specificity and accuracy of the ULBT were significantly higher than TMD, SMD, and IID individually (specificity was 91.69%, 82.27%, 70.64%, and 82.27%, respectively, and accuracy was 91.05%, 71.32%, 81.84%, and 76.58%, respectively). The combination of the ULBT with SMD provided the highest sensitivity. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the specificity and accuracy of the ULBT is significantly higher than the other tests and is more accurate in airway assessment. However, the ULBT in conjunction with the other tests could more reliably predict easy laryngoscopy or intubation. (Anesth Analg 2009;109:822‐4)

Cell “vision”: complementary factor of protein corona in nanotoxicology

Abstract: Engineered nanoparticles are increasingly being considered for use as biosensors, imaging agents and drug delivery vehicles Their versatility in design and applications make them an attractive proposition for new biological and biomedical approaches Despite the remarkable speed of development in nanoscience, relatively little is known about the interaction of nanoscale objects with living systems In a biological fluid, proteins associate with nanoparticles, and the amount and the presentation of the proteins on their surface could lead to a different in vivo response than an uncoated particle Here, in addition to protein adsorption, we are going to introduce concept of cell “vision”, which would be recognized as another crucial factor that should be considered for the safe design of any type of nanoparticles that will be used in specific biomedical applications The impact of exactly the same nanoparticles on various cells is significantly different and could not be assumed for other cells; the possible mechanisms that justify this cellular response relate to the numerous detoxification strategies that any particular cell can utilize in response to nanoparticles The uptake and defence mechanism could be considerably different according to the cell type Thus, what the cell “sees”, when it is faced with nanoparticles, is most likely dependent on the cell type