Institution
University of Extremadura
Education•Badajoz, Spain•
About: University of Extremadura is a education organization based out in Badajoz, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Hyperspectral imaging. The organization has 7856 authors who have published 18299 publications receiving 396126 citations. The organization is also known as: Universidad de Extremadura.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived the hydrodynamic equations for a gas of hard spheres with dissipative dynamics from the Boltzmann equation and derived the heat and momentum fluxes to Navier-Stokes order and the transport coefficients as explicit functions of the coefficient of restitution.
Abstract: The hydrodynamic equations for a gas of hard spheres with dissipative dynamics are derived from the Boltzmann equation. The heat and momentum fluxes are calculated to Navier-Stokes order and the transport coefficients are determined as explicit functions of the coefficient of restitution. The dispersion relations for the corresponding linearized equations are obtained and the stability of this linear description is discussed. This requires consideration of the linear Burnett contributions to the energy balance equation from the energy sink term. Finally, it is shown how these results can be imbedded in simpler kinetic model equations with the potential for analysis of more complex states.
352 citations
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TL;DR: Data suggest that, in addition to the proposed role for BMP-2 and OP-1 in the establishment of the anteroposterior axis of the limb, they may also play direct roles in limb morphogenesis: (i) in regulating the amount and spatial distribution of the undifferentiated prechondrogenic mesenchyme and (ii) in controlling the location of the joints and the diaphyses of the cartilaginous primordia of the long bones
Abstract: Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) and Osteogenic Protein 1 (OP-1, also termed BMP-7) are members of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily. In the present study, we have analyzed the effects of administering them locally at different stages and locations of the chick limb bud using heparin beads as carriers. Our results show that these BMPs are potent apoptotic signals for the undifferentiated limb mesoderm but not for the ectoderm or the differentiating chondrogenic cells. In addition, they promote intense radial growth of the differentiating cartilages and disturb the formation of joints accompanied by alterations in the pattern of Indian hedgehog and ck-erg expression. Interestingly, the effects of these two BMPs on joint formation were found to be different. While the predominant effect of BMP-2 is alteration in joint shape, OP-1 is a potent inhibitory factor for joint formation. In situ hybridizations to check whether this finding was indicative of specific roles for these BMPs in the formation of joints revealed a distinct and complementary pattern of expression of these genes during the formation of the skeleton of the digits. While Op-1 exhibited an intense expression in the perichondrium of the developing cartilages with characteristic interruptions in the zones of joint formation, Bmp-2 expression was a positive marker for the articular interspaces. These data suggest that, in addition to the proposed role for BMP-2 and OP-1 in the establishment of the anteroposterior axis of the limb, they may also play direct roles in limb morphogenesis: (i) in regulating the amount and spatial distribution of the undifferentiated prechondrogenic mesenchyme and (ii) in controlling the location of the joints and the diaphyses of the cartilaginous primordia of the long bones once the chondrogenic aggregates are established.
349 citations
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TL;DR: In vitro functional assessment revealed that the A516C and A404T variants had markedly reduced capacity for mediating the cellular uptake of OATP1A2 substrates and two δ-opioid receptor agonists, deltorphin II, and [d-penicillamine2,5]-enkephalin, while the G559A and C2003G variants appeared to have substrate-dependent changes in transport activity.
344 citations
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TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the metabolism of arginine in macrophages is controlled by TH1/TH2-dependent cytokines and suggest a regulatory role of Arginase on the NO synthesis by intracellular substrate depletion.
343 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a critical and detailed review of both core frontier methods and provide a careful consideration of their main advantages and disadvantages, of the data set utilized, and of the intrinsic characteristics of the framework under analysis.
Abstract: . Most of the literature related to the measurement of economic efficiency has based its analysis either on parametric or on non-parametric frontier methods. The choice of estimation method has been an issue of debate, with some researchers preferring the parametric and others the non-parametric approach. The aim of this paper is to provide a critical and detailed review of both core frontier methods. In our opinion, no approach is strictly preferable to any other. Moreover, a careful consideration of their main advantages and disadvantages, of the data set utilized, and of the intrinsic characteristics of the framework under analysis will help us in the correct implementation of these techniques. Recent developments in frontier techniques and economic efficiency measurement such as Bayesian techniques, bootstrapping, duality theory and the analysis of sampling asymptotic properties are also considered in this paper.
340 citations
Authors
Showing all 8001 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Russel J. Reiter | 169 | 1646 | 121010 |
Donald G. Truhlar | 165 | 1518 | 157965 |
Manel Esteller | 146 | 713 | 96429 |
David J. Williams | 107 | 2060 | 62440 |
Keijo Häkkinen | 99 | 421 | 31355 |
Robert H. Anderson | 97 | 1237 | 41250 |
Leif Bertilsson | 87 | 321 | 23933 |
Mario F. Fraga | 84 | 267 | 32957 |
YangQuan Chen | 84 | 1048 | 36543 |
Antonio Plaza | 79 | 631 | 29775 |
Robert D. Gibbons | 75 | 349 | 26330 |
Jocelyn Chanussot | 73 | 614 | 27949 |
Naresh Magan | 72 | 400 | 17511 |
Luis Puelles | 71 | 269 | 19858 |
Jun Li | 70 | 799 | 19510 |