University of Trento

About: University of Trento is a education organization based out in Trento, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 10527 authors who have published 30978 publications receiving 896614 citations. The organization is also known as: Universitá degli Studi di Trento & Universita degli Studi di Trento.

Anomalous High-Temperature Superconductivity in YH6.

Abstract: Pressure-stabilized hydrides are a new rapidly growing class of high-temperature superconductors, which is believed to be described within the conventional phonon-mediated mechanism of coupling. Here, the synthesis of one of the best-known high-TC superconductors-yttrium hexahydride I m 3 ¯ m -YH6 is reported, which displays a superconducting transition at ≈224 K at 166 GPa. The extrapolated upper critical magnetic field Bc2 (0) of YH6 is surprisingly high: 116-158 T, which is 2-2.5 times larger than the calculated value. A pronounced shift of TC in yttrium deuteride YD6 with the isotope coefficient 0.4 supports the phonon-assisted superconductivity. Current-voltage measurements show that the critical current IC and its density JC may exceed 1.75 A and 3500 A mm-2 at 4 K, respectively, which is higher than that of the commercial superconductors, such as NbTi and YBCO. The results of superconducting density functional theory (SCDFT) and anharmonic calculations, together with anomalously high critical magnetic field, suggest notable departures of the superconducting properties from the conventional Migdal-Eliashberg and Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theories, and presence of an additional mechanism of superconductivity.

On‐chip single photon sources using planar photonic crystals and single quantum dots

Abstract: We review the basic light-matter interactions and optical properties of chip-based single photon sources, that are enabled by integrating single quantum dots with planar photonic crystals. A theoretical framework is presented that allows one to connect to wide range of quantum light propagation effects in a physically intuitive and straightforward way. We focus on the important mechanisms of enhanced spontaneous emission, and efficient photon extraction, using all-integrated photonic crystal components including waveguides, cavities, quantum dots and output couplers. The limitations, challenges, and exciting prospects of developing on-chip quantum light sources using integrated photonis crystal structures are discussed. A sequence of optical pulses (top right) interacting with a single quantum dot embedded in a photonic crystal system, resulting in the emission of a train of single photons on-chip.

A Social Contract Account for CSR as Extended Model of Corporate Governance (Part I): Rational Bargaining and Justification

Abstract: This paper is the first part of a two parts essay aimed at giving a contractarian foundation to the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) meant as an extended model of corporate governance of the firm. I fist present the heuristics of the scientific program meant to theorizing over an institution like a system of corporate governance, which is partitioned in two domains, the justification domain and the compliance domain. Bargaining theory, reputation game and reciprocity theories, as distinct pieces of game theory, are the main theoretical tools employed in developing the answer to the relevant questions in the two domains respectively. The first part focuses over justification according to the contractarian point of view. At start, a definition of CSR as an extended model of corporate governance, based on the fiduciary duties owed to all the firm's stakeholders, is given. Then, by setting the basic context of incompleteness of contracts and abuse of authority, I analyze how the extended view of corporate governance directly arises form within the criticism of contemporary neo-institutional economic theory of the firm. Hence, from an application of the theory of bargaining games, the structure of a multi-stakeholder firm based on the constitutional contract theory is deduced, which satisfies the basic requirements of a justification in the contractarian approach. This is a sequential model of constitutional choice, where at the first step a constitution is chosen and then a post-constitutional coalition game is played. Both the games are solved in terms of the proper cooperative bargaining and coalition game solution concept, and results are interpreted not only according to the perspective of the theory of rational bargaining, but also as an impartial solution, starting form a fair status quo and corresponding to reasonable intuitions on distributive justice. On these basis the inquiry for a prescriptive theory of governance and strategic management - able to overcome the criticism raised against the lack of determination and unicity of a multi-stakeholder model of corporate governance and strategy - is answered, so that I am able to define an objective function for the firm consistent with the idea of CSR as a model of governance. At last, the paper tells the contractarian story, which can be taken as a potential explanation of the firm, of how the multi-fiduciary corporation may emerge from the first and the second social contract, as a firm endowed with the typical structure of control, but constrained by CSR obligations that those who in the firm hold a position of authority owe to all the non controlling stakeholders.

Understanding UI Integration: A Survey of Problems, Technologies, and Opportunities

Abstract: Creating composite applications from reusable components is an important technique in software engineering and data management. Although a large body of research and development covers integration at the data and application levels, little work has been done to facilitate it at the presentation level. This article discusses the existing user interface frameworks and component technologies used in presentation integration, illustrates their strengths and weaknesses, and presents some opportunities for future work

Approximate Structure-Preserving Semantic Matching

Abstract: Typical ontology matching applications, such as ontology integration, focus on the computation of correspondences holding between the nodes of two graph-like structures, e.g., between concepts in two ontologies. However, for applications such as web service integration, we need to establish whether full graph structures correspond to one another globally, preserving certain structural properties of the graphs being considered. The goal of this paper is to provide a new matching operation, called structure-preserving semantic matching . This operation takes two graph-like structures and produces a set of correspondences, (i ) still preserving a set of structural properties of the graphs being matched, (ii ) only in the case if the graphs are globally similar to one another. Our approach is based on a formal theory of abstraction and on a tree edit distance measure. We have evaluated our solution in various settings. Empirical results show the efficiency and effectiveness of our approach.