Showing papers in "Journal of Hepatology in 2014"

TL;DR: The total number of HCV infections reported here are lower than previous estimates, and the exclusion of data from earlier studies conducted at the peak of the HCV epidemic, along with adjustments for reduced prevalence among children, are likely contributors.

TL;DR: University College, London Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley St.

TL;DR: Cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction phenotypes switch from predominantly "pro-inflammatory" to predominantly "immunodeficient" in patients with stable ascitic cirrhosis and in Patients with severely decompensated cirrhoses and extra-hepatic organ failure (e.g. acute-on-chronic liver failure), respectively.

TL;DR: The high number of chronically infected individuals, the burden of disease, and the absence of a vaccine indicates that treatment will form part of the disease control but the impact, effectiveness and outcomes of treatment in various groups remain uncertain.

TL;DR: In the longitudinal matched-cohort, microbiota were significantly different between infected/uninfected cirrhotics at baseline and a low CDR was associated with death and organ failures within 30days, indicating progressive changes in the gut microbiome accompany cirrhosis and become more severe in the setting of decompensation.

TL;DR: Hepatic macrophages are central in the pathogenesis of chronic liver injury and have been proposed as potential targets in combatting fibrosis, and understanding the mechanisms that regulate hepaticmacrophage heterogeneity may help to develop novel macrophage subset-targeted therapies for Liver injury and fibrosis.

TL;DR: The CLIF-C ACLFs is a clinically relevant, validated scoring system that can be used sequentially to stratify the risk of mortality in ACLF patients and is superior to the MELDs and MELD-Nas in predicting mortality.

TL;DR: An in-depth review and a position statement on bacterial infections in cirrhosis are reported, which suggest that research on biomarkers of early infection may be useful in early diagnosis and treatment of infections.

TL;DR: There appears to exist a hierarchy of three barriers against pathological BT, each of which encompasses a distinct set of mechanisms and involves the rapid detection and killing of bacteria that manage to penetrate.

TL;DR: HCC related mortality is increasing, with typical patients being elderly with metabolic risk factors, but older patients with co-morbidities can do well, managed, within a specialist multidisciplinary team if their cancer is detected pre-symptomatically.

TL;DR: Oral administration of vancomycin significantly impacts host physiology by decreasing intestinal microbiota diversity, bile acid dehydroxylation and peripheral insulin sensitivity in subjects with metabolic syndrome.

TL;DR: It is suggested that PNPLA3 genotyping has the potential to contribute to multi-factorial patient-risk stratification, identifying those to whom HCC surveillance may be targeted.

TL;DR: The novel scanning method described here provides high diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of liver fibrosis, steatosis and haemosiderosis and could potentially replace liver biopsy for many indications.

TL;DR: Human serum albumin (HSA) is one of the most frequent treatments in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, and its ability to bind lipopolysaccharide and other bacterial products, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide and other nitrogen reactive species, and prostaglandins is an outstanding feature.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a data-supported approach based on formal review and analysis of the recently published world literature on the topic, and guideline policies covered by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases/European Association for The Liver (AASLD/EASL) Policy on the Joint Development and Use of Practice Guidelines.

TL;DR: TPMP/height on CT at the level of the umbilicus, an objective marker of muscle waste, may be predictive of mortality in cirrhotic patients, independent of the MELD and MELD-Na scores.

TL;DR: The strong association of CAP with the metabolic syndrome and alcohol use could be of interest for the follow-up of NAFLD or alcoholic patients and CAP provides an immediate assessment of steatosis simultaneously with liver stiffness measurement.

TL;DR: SSI is an efficient method for the assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic liver diseases, comparing favourably to FibroScan® and ARFI.

TL;DR: This is the first report on cold machine perfusion of human liver grafts obtained after cardiac arrest and subsequent transplantation and application of HOPE appears well tolerated, easy-to-use, and protective against early and later injuries.

TL;DR: In cirrhosis, previous HE identifies a subgroup of patients that is especially vulnerable for developing new episodes of hepatic encephalopathy and the course of HE appears to be different according to the presence of ACLF.

TL;DR: A second generation of mTOR pathway inhibitors has been developed recently and is being tested in various clinical trials of solid cancers, and has been used in preclinical HCC models.

TL;DR: NCPH is a heterogeneous group of liver disorders of vascular origin, leading to PHT with near normal HVPG, whereas EHPVO is a disorder of childhood, which has otherwise a fairly good prognosis, but need regular and careful surveillance.

TL;DR: PH provided better OS for patients withRMHCC outside of Milan Criteria than conventional TACE and the number of tumor and gender were also independent risk factors associated with OS for RMHCC.

TL;DR: A timely treatment to prevent the hepatitis B flare is better than to cope with the flare, and Screening, monitoring and prophylactic or pre-emptive antiviral therapy is mandatory for patients who are going to receive immunosuppressants or chemotherapy.

TL;DR: This nationwide population-based study of autoimmune hepatitis in Denmark showed that the incidence increased during 1994-2012, and that the disease remains associated with a high mortality, particularly in the first year after diagnosis.

TL;DR: Current knowledge about the role of innate and adaptive immune responses in determining the outcome of HCV infection is summarized.

TL;DR: Pluto caspase-generated cytokeratin-18 fragments (CK-18) has a high specificity for NAFLD and fibrosis, but its limited sensitivity makes it inadequate as a screening test for staging NASH.

TL;DR: This review provides a detailed review of the current status and future direction of the basic biology of portal hypertension with a focus on the physiology, pathophysiology, and signaling of cells within the liver, as well as those in the mesenteric vascular circulation.

TL;DR: LSM-HCC score constructed from LSM, age, serum albumin and HBV DNA level is accurate to predict HCC in CHB patients.

TL;DR: Ex vivo analysis of ex vivo HBV-specific CD8+ T cell responses in HBeAg patients with low ALT and low viral load observed a clear hierarchy of inhibitory receptor expression dominated by PD-1, which has important implications for the understanding of inhibitsory receptor blockade as a novel therapeutic strategy.