Activation of TLR2 by a Small Molecule Produced by Staphylococcus epidermidis Increases Antimicrobial Defense against Bacterial Skin Infections
Yuping Lai,Yuping Lai,Anna L. Cogen,Katherine A. Radek,Hyun Jeong Park,Hyun Jeong Park,Daniel T. MacLeod,Anke Leichtle,Allen F. Ryan,Anna Di Nardo,Richard L. Gallo +10 more
TLDR
Findings reveal a potential use for normal commensal bacterium S. epidermidis to activate TLR2 signaling and induce antimicrobial peptide expression, thus enabling the skin to mount an enhanced response to pathogens.About:
This article is published in Journal of Investigative Dermatology.The article was published on 2010-09-01 and is currently open access. It has received 365 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Staphylococcus epidermidis & Antimicrobial peptides.read more
Citations
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The skin microbiome
TL;DR: An enhanced understanding of the skin microbiome is necessary to gain insight into microbial involvement in human skin disorders and to enable novel promicrobial and antimicrobial therapeutic approaches for their treatment.
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Temporal shifts in the skin microbiome associated with disease flares and treatment in children with atopic dermatitis
Heidi H. Kong,Julia Oh,Clay Deming,Sean Conlan,Elizabeth A. Grice,Melony A. Beatson,Effie Y.H. Nomicos,Eric C. Polley,Hirsh D. Komarow,Nisc Comparative Sequence Program,Patrick R. Murray,Maria L. Turner,Julia A. Segre +12 more
TL;DR: Findings reveal linkages between microbial communities and inflammatory diseases such as AD, and demonstrate that as compared with culture-based studies, higher resolution examination of microbiota associated with human disease provides novel insights into global shifts of bacteria relevant to disease progression and treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antimicrobials from human skin commensal bacteria protect against Staphylococcus aureus and are deficient in atopic dermatitis
Teruaki Nakatsuji,Tiffany H. Chen,Saisindhu Narala,Kimberly A. Chun,Aimee M. Two,Tong Yun,Faiza Shafiq,Paul Kotol,Amina Bouslimani,Alexey V. Melnik,Haythem Latif,Ji-Nu Kim,Alexandre Lockhart,Keli Artis,Gloria David,Patricia A. Taylor,Joanne E. Streib,Pieter C. Dorrestein,Pieter C. Dorrestein,Alex Grier,Steven R. Gill,Karsten Zengler,Tissa Hata,Donald Y.M. Leung,Richard L. Gallo +24 more
TL;DR: Reintroduction of antimicrobial CoNS strains to human subjects with AD decreased colonization by S. aureus, showing how commensal skin bacteria protect against pathogens and how dysbiosis of the skin microbiome can lead to disease.
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Deciphering the Complexities of Atopic Dermatitis: Shifting Paradigms in Treatment Approaches
TL;DR: Prevention of atopic dermatitis can be achieved through early interventions to protect the skin barrier and reduce the systemic allergen sensitization that leads to associated allergic diseases in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract.
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The microbiome extends to subepidermal compartments of normal skin
Teruaki Nakatsuji,Hsin-I Chiang,Hsin-I Chiang,Shangi B Jiang,Harish Nagarajan,Karsten Zengler,Richard L. Gallo +6 more
TL;DR: Results show the microbiota extends within the dermis, therefore enabling physical contact between bacteria and various cells below the basement membrane, and show that normal commensal bacterial communities directly communicate with the host in a tissue previously thought to be sterile.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Toll-like receptors.
TL;DR: This unit discusses mammalian Toll receptors (TLR1‐10) that have an essential role in the innate immune recognition of microorganisms and are discussed are TLR‐mediated signaling pathways and antibodies that are available to detect specific TLRs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toll-like receptors and innate immunity
TL;DR: This work has shown that activation of inflammatory and antimicrobial innate immune responses through recognition of Toll-like receptors expressed on dendritic cells triggers functional maturation of dendrites and leads to initiation of antigen-specific adaptive immune responses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recognition of Commensal Microflora by Toll-Like Receptors Is Required for Intestinal Homeostasis
Seth Rakoff-Nahoum,Justin C. Paglino,Fatima Eslami-Varzaneh,Stephen C. Edberg,Ruslan Medzhitov +4 more
TL;DR: It is shown that commensal bacteria are recognized by TLRs under normal steady-state conditions, and this interaction plays a crucial role in the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis and protection from injury.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toll-Like Receptor Triggering of a Vitamin D-Mediated Human Antimicrobial Response
Philip T. Liu,Steffen Stenger,Huiying Li,Linda Wenzel,Belinda H. Tan,Stephan R. Krutzik,Maria Teresa Ochoa,Jürgen Schauber,Kent Wu,Christoph Meinken,Diane L. Kamen,Manfred Wagner,Robert Bals,Andreas Steinmeyer,Ulrich Zügel,Richard L. Gallo,David Eisenberg,Martin Hewison,Bruce W. Hollis,John S. Adams,Barry R. Bloom,Robert L. Modlin +21 more
TL;DR: The data support a link between TLRs and vitamin D–mediated innate immunity and suggest that differences in ability of human populations to produce vitamin D may contribute to susceptibility to microbial infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cutting Edge: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 Is a Direct Inducer of Antimicrobial Peptide Gene Expression
Tian-Tian Wang,Frederick P. Nestel,Véronique Bourdeau,Yoshihiko Nagai,Qiuyu Wang,Jie Liao,Luz E. Tavera-Mendoza,Roberto Lin,John H. Hanrahan,Sylvie Mader,John H. White +10 more
TL;DR: 1,25(OH)2D3 thus directly regulates antimicrobial peptide gene expression, revealing the potential of its analogues in treatment of opportunistic infections.
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