Open AccessJournal Article
Adaptive Immune Features of Natural Killer Cells
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In this paper, the authors used a mouse model of cytomegalovirus infection to show that, like T cells, NK cells bearing the virus-specific Ly49H receptor proliferate 100fold in the spleen and 1,000-fold in liver after infection.Abstract:
In an adaptive immune response, naive T cells proliferate during infection and generate long-lived memory cells that undergo secondary expansion after a repeat encounter with the same pathogen. Although natural killer (NK) cells have traditionally been classified as cells of the innate immune system, they share many similarities with cytotoxic T lymphocytes. We use a mouse model of cytomegalovirus infection to show that, like T cells, NK cells bearing the virus-specific Ly49H receptor proliferate 100-fold in the spleen and 1,000-fold in the liver after infection. After a contraction phase, Ly49H-positive NK cells reside in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs for several months. These self-renewing 'memory' NK cells rapidly degranulate and produce cytokines on reactivation. Adoptive transfer of these NK cells into naive animals followed by viral challenge results in a robust secondary expansion and protective immunity. These findings reveal properties of NK cells that were previously attributed only to cells of the adaptive immune system.read more
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Control of Human Viral Infections by Natural Killer Cells
Stephanie Jost,Marcus Altfeld +1 more
TL;DR: The role of NK cells in the control of four important viral infections in humans: cytomegalovirus, influenza virus, HIV-1, and hepatitis C virus is reviewed.
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Control of T cell viability.
Philippa Marrack,John W. Kappler +1 more
TL;DR: The factors affecting T cell viability vary depending on the type and status of the T cell involved, and the control of CD8+ and CD4+ memory T cells is controlled in different ways.
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Natural killer cell education and tolerance
Mark T. Orr,Lewis L. Lanier +1 more
TL;DR: The major mechanisms of NK cell education and tolerance are reviewed, including inhibitory receptors recognizing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins on the surface of self cells.
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Balancing natural killer cell activation through paired receptors
Ludovic Martinet,Mark J. Smyth +1 more
TL;DR: This Review focuses on the recent advances in the understanding of how Nectin and nectin-like proteins regulate NK cell biology and of their roles in pathologies such as cancer, infection and autoimmunity.
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Plasmacytoid dendritic cell ablation impacts early interferon responses and antiviral NK and CD8(+) T cell accrual.
TL;DR: It is concluded that pDCs mediate early antiviral IFN-I responses and influence the accrual of virus-specific NK or CD8(+) T cells in a virus-dependent manner.