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Advances in islet encapsulation technologies

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TLDR
Although encapsulation technology has met several challenges, the convergence of expertise in materials, nanotechnology, stem cell biology and immunology is allowing the goal of encapsulated islet cell therapy for humans to be closer.
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks and destroys insulin-producing islet cells of the pancreas. Although islet transplantation has proved to be successful for some patients with type 1 diabetes, its widespread use is limited by islet donor shortage and the requirement for lifelong immunosuppression. An encapsulation strategy that can prevent the rejection of xenogeneic islets or of stem cell-derived allogeneic islets can potentially eliminate both of these barriers. Although encapsulation technology has met several challenges, the convergence of expertise in materials, nanotechnology, stem cell biology and immunology is allowing us to get closer to the goal of encapsulated islet cell therapy for humans.

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3D printing of hydrogels: Rational design strategies and emerging biomedical applications

TL;DR: A review of hydrogel-based biomaterial inks and bioinks for 3D printing can be found in this paper, where the authors provide a comprehensive overview and discussion of the tailorability of material, mechanical, physical, chemical and biological properties.
Journal ArticleDOI

Non-invasive delivery strategies for biologics.

TL;DR: This Review summarizes the current status, latest updates and future prospects for delivery of peptides, proteins and other biologics, including subcutaneous, transdermal, oral, inhalation, nasal and buccal routes.
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Microparticles, Microspheres, and Microcapsules for Advanced Drug Delivery

TL;DR: The article presents the most important structures of microparticles (microspheres, microcapsules, coated pellets, etc.), interpreted with microscopic images too, as well as the drug release mechanisms and commonly used excipients.
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Stem Cell Therapies for Treating Diabetes: Progress and Remaining Challenges

TL;DR: Current efforts aimed at generating a sustainable source of functional human stem cell-derived insulin-producing islet cells for cell transplantation are described and state-of-the-art efforts to protect such cells via immune modulation and encapsulation strategies are presented.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Pituitary cell differentiation from stem cells and other cells: toward restorative therapy for hypopituitarism?

TL;DR: The studies on pituitary cell regeneration and on (trans-)differentiation toward hormonal cells, and speculate on restorative therapies forpituitary deficiency are summarized and summarized.
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Treatment options for diabetes: Potential role of stem cells

TL;DR: The literature suggests that embryonic and adult stem cells are promising alternatives in long-term treatment of diabetes, but any successful strategy should address both the need for β-cell replacement and controlling the autoimmune response to cells that express insulin.
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The effect of endothelial cells on hESC-derived pancreatic progenitors in a 3D environment

TL;DR: A three-dimensional (3D) construct utilizing highly porous polymeric scaffolds that mimic natural conditions and provide cells with mechanical support, and used it in the differentiation protocol may lay the foundation for creating an optimal tissue-construct that will support PPs' maturation in vitro and enhance graft function upon implantation.
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Differential effects of transforming growth factor-β1 on interleukin-1-induced cellular inflammation and vascular permeability in the rabbit retina

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of the immunosuppressive cytokine TGF beta 1 on inflammation within the context of the central nervous system were investigated, and it was shown that intra-vitreal injection of 1 microgram rh TGF β administered concomitantly with rh IL-1 beta significantly reduced the IL 1 beta-induced hemorrhage by 78%, and monocyte and neutrophil infiltration by 53% and 62%, respectively.
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