Journal ArticleDOI
An Antimicrobial Activity of Cytolytic T Cells Mediated by Granulysin
Steffen Stenger,Dennis A. Hanson,Rachel Teitelbaum,Puneet Dewan,Kayvan Niazi,Christopher J. Froelich,Tomas Ganz,Sybille Thoma-Uszynski,Agustı́n Melián,Christian Bogdan,Steven A. Porcelli,Barry R. Bloom,Alan M. Krensky,Robert L. Modlin +13 more
TLDR
The ability of CTLs to kill intracellular M. tuberculosis was dependent on the presence of granulysin in cytotoxic granules, defining a mechanism by which T cells directly contribute to immunity against intrACEllular pathogens.Abstract:
Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) kill intracellular pathogens by a granule-dependent mechanism. Granulysin, a protein found in granules of CTLs, reduced the viability of a broad spectrum of pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and parasites in vitro. Granulysin directly killed extracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis, altering the membrane integrity of the bacillus, and, in combination with perforin, decreased the viability of intracellular M. tuberculosis. The ability of CTLs to kill intracellular M. tuberculosis was dependent on the presence of granulysin in cytotoxic granules, defining a mechanism by which T cells directly contribute to immunity against intracellular pathogens.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Toll-Like Receptor Triggering of a Vitamin D-Mediated Human Antimicrobial Response
Philip T. Liu,Steffen Stenger,Huiying Li,Linda Wenzel,Belinda H. Tan,Stephan R. Krutzik,Maria Teresa Ochoa,Jürgen Schauber,Kent Wu,Christoph Meinken,Diane L. Kamen,Manfred Wagner,Robert Bals,Andreas Steinmeyer,Ulrich Zügel,Richard L. Gallo,David Eisenberg,Martin Hewison,Bruce W. Hollis,John S. Adams,Barry R. Bloom,Robert L. Modlin +21 more
TL;DR: The data support a link between TLRs and vitamin D–mediated innate immunity and suggest that differences in ability of human populations to produce vitamin D may contribute to susceptibility to microbial infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Initial sequence of the chimpanzee genome and comparison with the human genome
Tarjei S. Mikkelsen,LaDeana W. Hillier,Evan E. Eichler,Michael C. Zody,David B. Jaffe,Shiaw-Pyng Yang,Wolfgang Enard,Ines Hellmann,Kerstin Lindblad-Toh,Tasha K. Altheide,Nicoletta Archidiacono,Peer Bork,Jonathan Butler,Jean L. Chang,Ze Cheng,Asif T. Chinwalla,Pieter J. de Jong,Kimberley D. Delehaunty,Catrina Fronick,Lucinda L. Fulton,Yoav Gilad,Gustavo Glusman,Sante Gnerre,Tina Graves,Toshiyuki Hayakawa,Karen E. Hayden,Xiaoqiu Huang,Hongkai Ji,W. James Kent,Mary Claire King,Edward J. Kulbokasl,Ming K. Lee,Ge Liu,Carlos López-Otín,Kateryna D. Makova,Orna Man,Elaine R. Mardis,Evan Mauceli,Tracie L. Miner,William E. Nash,Joanne O. Nelson,Svante Pääbo,Nick Patterson,Craig Pohl,Katherine S. Pollard,Kay Prüfer,Xose S. Puente,David Reich,Mariano Rocchi,Kate R. Rosenbloom,Maryellen Ruvolo,Daniel J. Richter,Stephen F. Schaffner,Arian F.A. Smit,Scott M. Smith,Mikita Suyama,James E. Taylor,David Torrents,Eray Tüzün,Ajit Varki,Gloria Velasco,Mario Ventura,John W. Wallis,Michael C. Wendl,Richard K. Wilson,Eric S. Lander,Robert H. Waterston +66 more
TL;DR: It is found that the patterns of evolution in human and chimpanzee protein-coding genes are highly correlated and dominated by the fixation of neutral and slightly deleterious alleles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immunology of tuberculosis.
JoAnne L. Flynn,John W. Y. Chan +1 more
TL;DR: This review summarizes the current understanding of the host immune response, with emphasis on the roles of macrophages, T cells, and the cytokine/chemokine network in engendering protective immunity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effector Memory T Cells, Early Metastasis, and Survival in Colorectal Cancer
Franck Pagès,Anne Berger,Matthieu Camus,Fátima Sánchez-Cabo,Anne Costes,Robert Molidor,Bernhard Mlecnik,Amos Kirilovsky,Malin Nilsson,Diane Damotte,Tchao Meatchi,Patrick Bruneval,Paul-Henri Cugnenc,Zlatko Trajanoski,Wolf H. Fridman,Jérôme Galon +15 more
TL;DR: Signs of an immune response within colorectal cancers are associated with the absence of pathological evidence of early metastatic invasion and with prolonged survival.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional significance of the perforin/granzyme cell death pathway
Joseph A. Trapani,Mark J. Smyth +1 more
TL;DR: Critically recent findings on cytotoxic granule-mediated cell death are evaluated to assess the functional significance of postulated cell-death pathways in appropriate pathophysiological contexts, including virus infection and susceptibility to experimental or spontaneous tumorigenesis.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of nitric oxide synthase as a protective locus against tuberculosis
TL;DR: NOS2(-/-) mice proved highly susceptible, resembling wild-type littermates immunosuppressed by high-dose glucocorticoids, and allowed Mycobacterium tuberculosis to replicate faster in the lungs than reported for other gene-deficient hosts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Defensins: Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Peptides of Mammalian Cells
TL;DR: Defensins are a newly delineated family of effector molecules whose contribution to host defense, inflammation, and cytotoxicity may be considerable for humans, even though it is unlikely to be revealed by experimentation with mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Killing of virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis by reactive nitrogen intermediates produced by activated murine macrophages.
TL;DR: The results from this study provide support for the view that the L-arginine-dependent production of RNI is the principal effector mechanism in activated murine macrophages responsible for killing and growth inhibiting virulent M. tuberculosis.
Killing of Virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Reactive Nitrogen Intermediates Produced by
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the antimycobacterial effect, demonstrable both in murine macrophage cell lines and in peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice, is independent of the macocyte capacity to generate reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI).
Journal ArticleDOI
Apoptosis, but not necrosis, of infected monocytes is coupled with killing of intracellular bacillus Calmette-Guérin
TL;DR: Apoptosis was associated with a swelling of the phagocytic vacuoles which became multibacillary and with a reduction of BCG viability as enumerated by colony-forming units.