Considering Pleistocene North American wolves and coyotes in the eastern Canis origin story.
Paul J. Wilson,Linda Y. Rutledge +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors re-analyze contemporary and ancient mitochondrial DNA genomes with Bayesian phylogenetic analyses to more accurately estimate divergence dates among lineages and combine that with a review of the literature on Late Pleistocene Canis distributions to identify potential Pleistogene progenitors to southern North American gray wolves and eastern wolves; and illuminate opportunities for ancient hybridization events.Abstract:
The evolutionary origins and hybridization patterns of Canis species in North America have been hotly debated for the past 30 years. Disentangling ancestry and timing of hybridization in Great Lakes wolves, eastern Canadian wolves, red wolves, and eastern coyotes are most often partitioned into a 2-species model that assigns all ancestry to gray wolves and/or coyotes, and a 3-species model that includes a third, North American evolved eastern wolf genome. The proposed models address recent or sometimes late Holocene hybridization events but have largely ignored potential Pleistocene era progenitors and opportunities for hybridization that may have impacted the current mixed genomes in eastern Canada and the United States. Here, we re-analyze contemporary and ancient mitochondrial DNA genomes with Bayesian phylogenetic analyses to more accurately estimate divergence dates among lineages. We combine that with a review of the literature on Late Pleistocene Canis distributions to: (a) identify potential Pleistocene progenitors to southern North American gray wolves and eastern wolves; and (b) illuminate opportunities for ancient hybridization events. Specifically, we propose that Beringian gray wolves (C. lupus) and extinct large wolf-like coyotes (C. latrans orcutti) are likely progenitors to Mexican and Plains gray wolves and eastern wolves, respectively, and may represent a potentially unrecognized source of introgressed genomic variation within contemporary Canis genomes. These events speak to the potential origins of contemporary genomes and provide a new perspective on Canis ancestry, but do not negate current conservation priorities of dwindling wolf populations with unique genomic signatures and key ecologically critical roles.read more
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A novel survey design for modeling species distribution of beavers in Algonquin Park, Canada
TL;DR: In this article , the authors conducted an aerial survey in a 15,000 km2 study area around Algonquin Provincial Park in Ontario, Canada and found 145 colonies on 73 plots that averaged 4.5 km2 (+/−3.27 SD).
Journal ArticleDOI
Tracing Eastern Wolf Origins From Whole-Genome Data in Context of Extensive Hybridization
Sibelle T. Vilaça,Michael E. Donaldson,Andrea Benazzo,Tyler Wheeldon,Maria Teresa Vizzari,Giorgio Bertorelle,Brent R. Patterson,Christopher J. Kyle +7 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors presented data describing eastern wolves as a distinct taxonomic entity that evolved separately from grey wolves for the past ∼67,000 years with an admixture event with coyotes ∼37, 000 years ago.
References
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Journal Article
Population Structure of Coyote (Canis latrans) in the Urban Landscape of the Cleveland, Ohio Area
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method for the extraction of biological, geological, and environmental sciences from coal seam gas from coal seams in a coal mine at Cleveland State University.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Genome-Wide Perspective on the Persistence of Red Wolf Ancestry in Southeastern Canids
Elizabeth Heppenheimer,Kristin E. Brzeski,Joseph W. Hinton,Michael J. Chamberlain,Jacqueline Robinson,Jacqueline Robinson,Robert K. Wayne,Bridgett M. vonHoldt +7 more
TL;DR: This study examines geographic and temporal patterns of genome-wide red wolf ancestry in 260 canids across the southeastern United States at over 164,000 SNP loci and finds that redWolf ancestry was most prevalent in canids sampled from Texas in the mid-1970s, although non-trivial amounts of redwolf ancestry persisted in this region today.
Journal ArticleDOI
The conspecific nature of eastern and red wolves: conservation and management implications
Christopher J. Kyle,A. R. Johnson,A. R. Johnson,Brent R. Patterson,Paul J. Wilson,Bradley N. White +5 more
TL;DR: How hybridization between canid taxa should not always be negatively viewed, and may allow eastern wolf genes to persist in regions from which they would otherwise be extirpated, is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Updating the Bibliography of Interbreeding among Canis in North America.
TL;DR: This bibliography provides a collection of references that documents the evolution of studies evidencing interbreeding among Canis species in North America and includes a review of past research conducted on experimental crosses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Southeastern Pre-Columbian Canids
Kristin E. Brzeski,Melissa B. DeBiasse,David R. Rabon,Michael J. Chamberlain,Sabrina S. Taylor +4 more
TL;DR: The taxonomic status of the red wolf (Canis rufus) is heavily debated, but could be clarified by examining historic specimens from the southeastern United States as discussed by the authors, where they detected three unique mtDNA haplotypes, which grouped with the coyote mtDNA clade, suggesting that the canids inhabiting southeastern North America prior to human colonization from Europe were either coyotes or wolves.
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