Open Access
Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
TLDR
Drafting Authors: Neil Adger, Pramod Aggarwal, Shardul Agrawala, Joseph Alcamo, Abdelkader Allali, Oleg Anisimov, Nigel Arnell, Michel Boko, Osvaldo Canziani, Timothy Carter, Gino Casassa, Ulisses Confalonieri, Rex Victor Cruz, Edmundo de Alba Alcaraz, William Easterling, Christopher Field, Andreas Fischlin, Blair Fitzharris.Abstract:
Drafting Authors: Neil Adger, Pramod Aggarwal, Shardul Agrawala, Joseph Alcamo, Abdelkader Allali, Oleg Anisimov, Nigel Arnell, Michel Boko, Osvaldo Canziani, Timothy Carter, Gino Casassa, Ulisses Confalonieri, Rex Victor Cruz, Edmundo de Alba Alcaraz, William Easterling, Christopher Field, Andreas Fischlin, Blair Fitzharris, Carlos Gay García, Clair Hanson, Hideo Harasawa, Kevin Hennessy, Saleemul Huq, Roger Jones, Lucka Kajfež Bogataj, David Karoly, Richard Klein, Zbigniew Kundzewicz, Murari Lal, Rodel Lasco, Geoff Love, Xianfu Lu, Graciela Magrín, Luis José Mata, Roger McLean, Bettina Menne, Guy Midgley, Nobuo Mimura, Monirul Qader Mirza, José Moreno, Linda Mortsch, Isabelle Niang-Diop, Robert Nicholls, Béla Nováky, Leonard Nurse, Anthony Nyong, Michael Oppenheimer, Jean Palutikof, Martin Parry, Anand Patwardhan, Patricia Romero Lankao, Cynthia Rosenzweig, Stephen Schneider, Serguei Semenov, Joel Smith, John Stone, Jean-Pascal van Ypersele, David Vaughan, Coleen Vogel, Thomas Wilbanks, Poh Poh Wong, Shaohong Wu, Gary Yoheread more
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Private Information and the Allocation of Land Use Subsidies in Malawi
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors illustrate the potential of self-selection to improve allocational outcomes in the context of a program that subsidizes tree planting in Malawi, showing that landholders who received a tree planting contract as a result of bidding in an auction kept signi!cantly more trees alive over a three year period than did land holders who received the contract through a lottery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change impacts on water yields and demands in south-western Australia
Don McFarlane,Roy Stone,Sasha Martens,Jonathan Thomas,Richard Silberstein,Riasat Ali,Geoff Hodgson +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, projections of future streamflow and groundwater levels were used to estimate 2030 divertible water yields for a 62,500 km 2 area in south-western Australia, where both surface water and groundwater resources are available for use, where groundwater is anticipated to become increasingly used in future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of soil warming and rainfall patterns on soil N cycling in Northern Europe.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of increased soil temperature and varying rainfall patterns on soil N cycling in arable land from temperate climates, which is a major source of N pollution, were studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Improved Parameterization for Simulating Arctic Cloud Amount in the CCSM3 Climate Model
Steve Vavrus,Duane E. Waliser +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a simple alternative parameterization for predicting cloud fraction in the Community Climate System Model, version 3 (CCSM3) global climate model is presented, dubbed "freeezedry", which is designed to alleviate the bias of excessive low clouds during polar winter by reducing the cloud amount under very dry conditions.
Book
Climate: observations, projections and impacts
Simon N. Gosling,Robert Dunn,Fiona Carrol,Nikos Christidis,John Fullwood,Diogo de Gusmao,Nicola Golding,Lizzie Good,Trish Hall,Lizzie Kendon,John Kennedy,Kirsty Lewis,Rachel McCarthy,Carol McSweeney,Colin Morice,David S. Parker,Matthew Perry,Peter A. Stott,Kate M. Willett,Miles Allen,Nigel W. Arnell,Dan Bernie,Richard Betts,Niel H. A. Bowerman,Bastiaan Brak,John Caesar,Andrew J. Challinor,Rutger Dankers,Fiona Hewer,Chris Huntingford,Alan Jenkins,Nicholas P Klingaman,Jason Lowe,Ben Lloyd-Hughes,James G. Miller,Robert J. Nicholls,M. Noguer,Friedreike Otto,Paul van der Linden,Rachel Warren +39 more
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change 2001: the scientific basis
John Theodore Houghton,Y. Ding,David John Griggs,M. Noguer,P. J. van der Linden,X. Dai,K. Maskell,C. A. Johnson +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of the climate system and its dynamics, including observed climate variability and change, the carbon cycle, atmospheric chemistry and greenhouse gases, and their direct and indirect effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
The ERA‐40 re‐analysis
S. Uppala,Per Kållberg,Adrian Simmons,U. Andrae,V. da Costa Bechtold,M. Fiorino,J. K. Gibson,J. Haseler,A. Hernandez,Graeme Kelly,Xiaoming Li,Kazutoshi Onogi,Sami Saarinen,N. Sokka,Richard P. Allan,Richard P. Allan,Erik Andersson,Klaus Arpe,Magdalena Balmaseda,Anton Beljaars,L. van de Berg,Jean Bidlot,Niels Bormann,S. Caires,Frédéric Chevallier,A. Dethof,M. Dragosavac,Michael Fisher,Manuel Fuentes,Stefan Hagemann,Elías Hólm,Brian J. Hoskins,Lars Isaksen,Peter A. E. M. Janssen,Roy L. Jenne,A. P. McNally,Jean-François Mahfouf,Jean-Jacques Morcrette,Nick Rayner,Roger Saunders,P. Simon,Andreas Sterl,Kevin E. Trenberth,A. Untch,Drasko Vasiljevic,Pedro Viterbo,John S. Woollen +46 more
TL;DR: ERA-40 is a re-analysis of meteorological observations from September 1957 to August 2002 produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) in collaboration with many institutions as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change 2001: The scientific basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
David John Griggs,M. Noguer +1 more
TL;DR: The terms of reference of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) as discussed by the authors were defined by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP).
Book
Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change
TL;DR: The most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment available for scientific understanding of human influences on the past present and future climate is "Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change" as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate Extremes: Observations, Modeling, and Impacts
David R. Easterling,Gerald A. Meehl,Camille Parmesan,Stanley A. Changnon,Thomas R. Karl,Linda O. Mearns +5 more
TL;DR: Results of observational studies suggest that in many areas that have been analyzed, changes in total precipitation are amplified at the tails, and changes in some temperature extremes have been observed.
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Summary for Policymakers
T. Barker,I. Bashmakov,Lenny Bernstein,J Bogner,Peter Bosch,Rutu Dave,Ogunlade Davidson,Brian Fisher,M. Grubb,Sunil Gupta,Kirsten Halsnæs,Bertjan Heij,S. Kahn Ribeiro,Shingo Kobayashi,Mark D. Levine,Daniel Martino,O Masera Cerutti,Bert Metz,Leo Meyer,Gert-Jan Nabuurs,Adil Najam,N Nakicenovic,Hans-Holger Rogner,Joyashree Roy,J. Sathaye,R.N. Schock,P.R. Shukla,Ralph E.H. Sims,Pete Smith,Rob Swart,Dennis Tirpak,Diana Ürge-Vorsatz,Z. Dadi +32 more