Journal ArticleDOI
Efficacy and safety of oral fumarate in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase IIb study
Ludwig Kappos,Ralf Gold,David Miller,David G. MacManus,Eva Havrdova,Volker Limmroth,Chris H. Polman,Klaus Schmierer,Tarek A. Yousry,Minhua Yang,Mefkure Eraksoy,Eva Meluzínová,Ivan Rektor,Katherine Dawson,Alfred Sandrock,Gilmore O'neill +15 more
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TLDR
The anti-inflammatory effects and favourable safety profile of BG00012 warrant further long-term phase III studies in large patient groups.About:
This article is published in The Lancet.The article was published on 2008-10-25. It has received 490 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Placebo & Tolerability.read more
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The Nrf2-Antioxidant Response Element Signaling Pathway and Its Activation by Oxidative Stress
TL;DR: A possible role of the Nrf2-antioxidant response element transcriptional pathway in neuroprotection and the nature of this pathway and the mechanisms by which Keap1 acts to repress NRF2 activity are the topics of discussion in this minireview.
Journal ArticleDOI
Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study of Oral BG-12 for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
Ralf Gold,Ludwig Kappos,Douglas L. Arnold,Amit Bar-Or,Gavin Giovannoni,Krzysztof Selmaj,Carlo Tornatore,Marianne T. Sweetser,Minhua Yang,Sarah Sheikh,Katherine Dawson,Define Study Investigators +11 more
TL;DR: In patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, both BG-12 regimens, as compared with placebo, significantly reduced the proportion of patients who had a relapse, the annualized relapse rate, the rate of disability progression, and the number of lesions on MRI.
Journal ArticleDOI
Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study of Oral BG-12 or Glatiramer in Multiple Sclerosis
Robert J. Fox,David Miller,J. Theodore Phillips,Michael Hutchinson,Eva Havrdova,Mariko Kita,Minhua Yang,Kartik Raghupathi,Mark Novas,Marianne T. Sweetser,Vissia Viglietta,Katherine Dawson,Christian Sindic +12 more
TL;DR: In patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, BG-12 (at both doses) and glatiramer acetate significantly reduced relapse rates and improved neuroradiologic outcomes relative to placebo.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fumaric acid esters exert neuroprotective effects in neuroinflammation via activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway
Ralf A. Linker,De-Hyung Lee,Sarah Ryan,Anne M van Dam,Rebecca Conrad,Pradeep Bista,Weike Zeng,Xiaoping Hronowsky,Alex Buko,Sowmya Chollate,Gisa Ellrichmann,Wolfgang Brück,Kate Dawson,Susan Goelz,Stefan Wiese,Robert H. Scannevin,Matvey E. Lukashev,Ralf Gold +17 more
TL;DR: The ability of dimethylfumarate to activate nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-related factor 2 may offer a novel cytoprotective modality that further augments the natural antioxidant responses in multiple sclerosis tissue and is not yet targeted by other multiple sclerosis therapies.
Journal ArticleDOI
The cytoprotective role of the Keap1–Nrf2 pathway
TL;DR: Cross-talks with other signalling pathways broadens the role of the Keap1–Nrf2 pathway in determining the fate of the cell, impacting fundamental biological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastasis.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis An expanded disability status scale (EDSS)
TL;DR: A new Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is presented, with each of the former steps (1,2,3 … 9) now divided into two (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 … 9).
Journal ArticleDOI
Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: Guidelines from the International Panel on the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
W. Ian McDonald,A Compston,Gilles Edan,Donald E. Goodkin,Hans-Peter Hartung,Fred D. Lublin,Henry F. McFarland,Donald W. Paty,Chris H. Polman,Stephen C. Reingold,Magnhild Sandberg-Wollheim,William A. Sibley,Alan J. Thompson,Stanley van den Noort,Brian Y. Weinshenker,Jerry S. Wolinsky +15 more
TL;DR: The revised criteria facilitate the diagnosis of MS in patients with a variety of presentations, including “monosymptomatic” disease suggestive of MS, disease with a typical relapsing‐remitting course, and disease with insidious progression, without clear attacks and remissions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nuclear factor-kappaB: a pivotal transcription factor in chronic inflammatory diseases.
Peter J. Barnes,Michael Karin +1 more
TL;DR: In chronic inflammatory diseases, such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis, several cytokines recruit activated immune and inflammatory cells to the site of lesions, thereby amplifying and perpetuating the inflammatory state.
Journal ArticleDOI
An nrf2/small maf heterodimer mediates the induction of phase ii detoxifying enzyme genes through antioxidant response elements
Ken Itoh,Tomoki Chiba,Satoru Takahashi,Tetsuro Ishii,Kazuhiko Igarashi,Yasutake Katoh,Tatsuya Oyake,Norio Hayashi,Kimihiko Satoh,Ichiro Hatayama,Masayuki Yamamoto,Yo-ichi Nabeshima +11 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Nrf2 is essential for the transcriptional induction of phase II enzymes and the presence of a coordinate transcriptional regulatory mechanism for phase II enzyme genes and the nrf2-deficient mice may prove to be a very useful model for the in vivo analysis of chemical carcinogenesis and resistance to anti-cancer drugs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intramuscular interferon beta-1a for disease progression in relapsing multiple sclerosis
Lawrence Jacobs,Diane Cookfair,Richard A. Rudick,Robert M. Herndon,John R. Richert,Andres M. Salazar,J. S. Fischer,Donald E. Goodkin,Carl V. Granger,Jack H. Simon,John J. Alam,David M. Bartoszak,Dennis Bourdette,Jonathan Braiman,Carol M. Brownscheidle,Michael E. Coats,Stanley Cohan,David S. Dougherty,R. P. Kinkel,Michele Mass,Frederick Munschauer,Roger L. Priore,Patrick M. Pullicino,Barbara J. Scherokman,Bianca Weinstock-Guttman,Ruth H. Whitham +25 more
TL;DR: Interferon beta‐ la had a significant beneficial impact in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients by reducing the accumulation of permanent physical disability, exacerbation frequency, and disease activity measured by gadolinium‐enhanced lesions on brain magnetic resonance images.