Emergence and potential for spread of Chikungunya virus in Brazil
Márcio Roberto Teixeira Nunes,Nuno R. Faria,Janaina Mota de Vasconcelos,Nick Golding,Moritz U. G. Kraemer,Layanna Freitas de Oliveira,Raimunda do Socorro da Silva Azevedo,Daisy Elaine Andrade da Silva,Eliana Vieira Pinto da Silva,Sandro Patroca da Silva,Valéria Lima Carvalho,Giovanini E. Coelho,Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz,Sueli Guerreiro Rodrigues,João L.S.G. Vianez,Bruno Tardelli Diniz Nunes,Jedson Ferreira Cardoso,Robert B. Tesh,Simon I. Hay,Simon I. Hay,Oliver G. Pybus,Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos,Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos +22 more
TLDR
It is estimated that, if Chikungunya virus becomes established in Brazil, transmission could occur in 94% of municipalities in the country and maps of the risk of importation of each strain of CHIKV in Brazil are provided.Abstract:
In December 2013, an outbreak of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) caused by the Asian genotype was notified in the Caribbean. The outbreak has since spread to 38 regions in the Americas. By September 2014, the first autochthonous CHIKV infections were confirmed in Oiapoque, North Brazil, and in Feira de Santana, Northeast Brazil. We compiled epidemiological and clinical data on suspected CHIKV cases in Brazil and polymerase-chain-reaction-based diagnostic was conducted on 68 serum samples from patients with symptom onset between April and September 2014. Two imported and four autochthonous cases were selected for virus propagation, RNA isolation, full-length genome sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. We then followed CDC/PAHO guidelines to estimate the risk of establishment of CHIKV in Brazilian municipalities. We detected 41 CHIKV importations and 27 autochthonous cases in Brazil. Epidemiological and phylogenetic analyses indicated local transmission of the Asian CHIKV genotype in Oiapoque. Unexpectedly, we also discovered that the ECSA genotype is circulating in Feira de Santana. The presumed index case of the ECSA genotype was an individual who had recently returned from Angola and developed symptoms in Feira de Santana. We estimate that, if CHIKV becomes established in Brazil, transmission could occur in 94% of municipalities in the country and provide maps of the risk of importation of each strain of CHIKV in Brazil. The etiological strains associated with the early-phase CHIKV outbreaks in Brazil belong to the Asian and ECSA genotypes. Continued surveillance and vector mitigation strategies are needed to reduce the future public health impact of CHIKV in the Americas.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Zika virus in the Americas: Early epidemiological and genetic findings
Nuno R. Faria,Nuno R. Faria,Raimunda do Socorro da Silva Azevedo,Moritz U. G. Kraemer,Renato Pereira de Souza,Mariana Sequetin Cunha,Sarah C. Hill,Julien Thézé,Michael B. Bonsall,Thomas A. Bowden,Ilona Rissanen,Iray Maria Rocco,Juliana Silva Nogueira,Adriana Yurika Maeda,Fernanda Giseli da Silva Vasami,F. L. L. Macedo,Akemi Suzuki,Sueli Guerreiro Rodrigues,Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz,Bruno Tardeli Nunes,Daniele Barbosa de Almeida Medeiros,Daniela Sueli Guerreiro Rodrigues,Alice Louize Nunes Queiroz,Eliana Vieira Pinto da Silva,Daniele Freitas Henriques,Elisabeth Salbe Travassos da Rosa,Consuelo Silva de Oliveira,Lívia Carício Martins,Helena Baldez Vasconcelos,Livia Medeiros Neves Casseb,Darlene B. Simith,Jane P. Messina,Leandro Abade,José Lourenço,Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara,Maricélia Maia de Lima,Marta Giovanetti,Simon I. Hay,Simon I. Hay,Rodrigo Santos de Oliveira,Poliana da Silva Lemos,Layanna Freitas de Oliveira,Clayton Pereira Silva de Lima,Sandro Patroca da Silva,Janaina Mota de Vasconcelos,L. C Franco,Jedson Ferreira Cardoso,João Lídio Silva Gonçalves Vianez-Júnior,Daiana Mir,Gonzalo Bello,Edson Delatorre,Kamran Khan,Kamran Khan,Marisa I Creatore,Giovanini E. Coelho,Wanderson Kleber de Oliveira,Robert B. Tesh,Oliver G. Pybus,Márcio Roberto Teixeira Nunes,Márcio Roberto Teixeira Nunes,Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos +60 more
TL;DR: Results of phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses show a single introduction of ZikV into the Americas, which is estimated to have occurred between May and December 2013, more than 12 months before the detection of ZIKV in Brazil.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chikungunya: Evolutionary history and recent epidemic spread.
TL;DR: A series of mutations in the recently emerged Indian Ocean Lineage that has adapted the virus for transmission for the first time by the Aedes albopictus urban mosquito vector are discussed, and CHIKV is compared to other arboviruses with and without similar histories of urbanization.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mapping global environmental suitability for Zika virus
Jane P. Messina,Moritz U. G. Kraemer,Oliver J. Brady,David M. Pigott,David M. Pigott,Freya M Shearer,Daniel J. Weiss,Nick Golding,Corrine W. Ruktanonchai,Peter W. Gething,Emily Cohn,John S. Brownstein,Kamran Khan,Kamran Khan,Andrew J. Tatem,Thomas Jaenisch,Christopher J L Murray,Fatima Marinho,Thomas W. Scott,Simon I. Hay,Simon I. Hay +20 more
TL;DR: A large portion of tropical and sub-tropical regions globally have suitable environmental conditions with over 2.17 billion people inhabiting these areas, showing environmental suitability for Zika.
Journal ArticleDOI
The emergence of arthropod-borne viral diseases: A global prospective on dengue, chikungunya and zika fevers.
TL;DR: The focus of this review will be on dengue, zika and chikungunya viruses, particularly because these viruses are currently causing a negative impact on public health and economic damage around the world.
Journal ArticleDOI
Zika virus evolution and spread in the Americas
Hayden C. Metsky,Hayden C. Metsky,Christian B. Matranga,Shirlee Wohl,Shirlee Wohl,Stephen F. Schaffner,Stephen F. Schaffner,Catherine A. Freije,Catherine A. Freije,Sarah M. Winnicki,Kendra West,James Qu,Mary Lynn Baniecki,Adrianne Gladden-Young,Aaron E. Lin,Aaron E. Lin,Christopher Tomkins-Tinch,Simon Ye,Simon Ye,Daniel J. Park,Cynthia Y. Luo,Cynthia Y. Luo,Kayla G. Barnes,Kayla G. Barnes,Rickey R. Shah,Rickey R. Shah,Bridget Chak,Bridget Chak,Giselle Barbosa-Lima,Edson Delatorre,Yasmine Rangel Vieira,Lauren M. Paul,Amanda L Tan,Carolyn M. Barcellona,Mario C. Porcelli,Chalmers Vasquez,Andrew C. Cannons,Marshall R. Cone,Kelly N. Hogan,Edgar W. Kopp,Joshua J. Anzinger,Kimberly García,Leda Parham,Rosa Margarita Gelvez Ramirez,Maria Conseulo Miranda Montoya,Diana Patricia Rojas,Catherine M. Brown,Scott Hennigan,Brandon Sabina,Sarah Scotland,Karthik Gangavarapu,Nathan D. Grubaugh,Glenn Oliveira,Refugio Robles-Sikisaka,Andrew Rambaut,Andrew Rambaut,Lee Gehrke,Lee Gehrke,Sandra Smole,M. Elizabeth Halloran,M. Elizabeth Halloran,Luis Angel Villar,Salim Mattar,Ivette Lorenzana,José Cerbino-Neto,Clarissa Valim,Clarissa Valim,Wim Degrave,Patrícia T. Bozza,Andreas Gnirke,Kristian G. Andersen,Kristian G. Andersen,Sharon Isern,Scott F. Michael,Fernando A. Bozza,Thiago Moreno L. Souza,Irene Bosch,Nathan L. Yozwiak,Nathan L. Yozwiak,Bronwyn MacInnis,Bronwyn MacInnis,Pardis C. Sabeti +81 more
TL;DR: It is found that ZIKV circulated undetected in multiple regions for many months before the first locally transmitted cases were confirmed, highlighting the importance of surveillance of viral infections.
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