Epidemiology and Control of Neosporosis and Neospora caninum
TLDR
This review is focused mainly on the epidemiology and control of neosporosis in cattle, but worldwide seroprevalences of N. caninum in animals and humans are tabulated.Abstract:
Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite of animals. Until 1988, it was misidentified as Toxoplasma gondii. Since its first recognition in dogs in 1984 and the description of the new genus and species Neospora caninum in 1988, neosporosis has emerged as a serious disease of cattle and dogs worldwide. Abortions and neonatal mortality are a major problem in livestock operations, and neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in cattle. Although antibodies to N. caninum have been reported, the parasite has not been detected in human tissues. Thus, the zoonotic potential is uncertain. This review is focused mainly on the epidemiology and control of neosporosis in cattle, but worldwide seroprevalences of N. caninum in animals and humans are tabulated. The role of wildlife in the life cycle of N. caninum and strategies for the control of neosporosis in cattle are discussed.read more
Citations
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Rodent-borne diseases and their risks for public health
TL;DR: A large number of pathogens that are directly or indirectly transmitted by rodents are described and a simplified rodent disease model is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neosporosis in animals--the last five years.
Jitender P. Dubey,Gereon Schares +1 more
TL;DR: This review is focused on current status of neosporosis in animals based on papers published in the last five years and strategies for control and prevention are discussed.
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What is the global economic impact of Neospora caninum in cattle - the billion dollar question.
TL;DR: This estimate of global losses due to N. caninum, with the identification of clear target markets (countries, as well as cattle industries), should provide an incentive to develop treatment options and/or vaccines.
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Australian dingoes are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum.
TL;DR: Oocyst shedding from the intestinal tract of a dingo demonstrates that dingoes are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum and horizontal transmission of N.caninum from dingoes to farm animals and wildlife may occur in Australia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative Genomics of the Apicomplexan Parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum: Coccidia Differing in Host Range and Transmission Strategy
Adam J. Reid,Sarah J. Vermont,James Cotton,David Harris,Grant A. Hill-Cawthorne,Stephanie Könen-Waisman,Sophia M. Latham,Tobias Mourier,Rebecca Norton,Michael A. Quail,Mandy Sanders,Dhanasekaran Shanmugam,Amandeep Sohal,James D. Wasmuth,James D. Wasmuth,Brian P. Brunk,Michael E. Grigg,Jonathan C. Howard,John Parkinson,David S. Roos,Alexander J. Trees,Matthew Berriman,Arnab Pain,Arnab Pain,Jonathan M. Wastling +24 more
TL;DR: The ecological niches occupied by these species are influenced by a relatively small number of gene products which operate at the host-parasite interface and that the dominance of vertical transmission in N. caninum may be associated with the evolution of reduced virulence in this species.
References
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Neospora abortion in a dairy herd.
R N Thornton,A Gajadhar,J Evans +2 more
TL;DR: The upper range of abortion rates for Neospora was 17–30% compared to only 7–10% for other causes, showing that the economic effects of Neosporiasis abortions on the more severely affected farms can be devastating.
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Serologic study of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in household dogs and dogs living in dairy and beef cattle farms in Tehran, Iran.
TL;DR: The results confirm the exposure of household and farm dogs to N. caninum in Tehran and the higher rate of exposure for the dogs of dairy and cattle farms around Tehran.
Journal Article
Neosporosis-associated abortion in a dairy goat
TL;DR: Neospora canium tachyzoites and tissue cysts were found in tissues of a goat fetus aborted after 3.5 months of gestation and the predominant lesion in the fetus was severe encephalitis associated with numerous N canium tissue Cysts.
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Point source exposure of cattle to Neospora caninum consistent with periods of common housing and feeding and related to the introduction of a dog.
TL;DR: Eight dairy herds with evidence of post-natal transmission of Neospora caninum were used to test the hypothesis of a point source exposure by a retrospective analysis of the housing and feeding of infected age-groups, indicating that the cattle had been infected shortly before the first abortions occurred.
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Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum in horses in North America.
TL;DR: This is the first serologic survey for N. caninum antibodies in horses and antibodies were found in 69 (23.3%) horses with titers of 1:40 to 1:80.