Epidemiology and Control of Neosporosis and Neospora caninum
TLDR
This review is focused mainly on the epidemiology and control of neosporosis in cattle, but worldwide seroprevalences of N. caninum in animals and humans are tabulated.Abstract:
Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite of animals. Until 1988, it was misidentified as Toxoplasma gondii. Since its first recognition in dogs in 1984 and the description of the new genus and species Neospora caninum in 1988, neosporosis has emerged as a serious disease of cattle and dogs worldwide. Abortions and neonatal mortality are a major problem in livestock operations, and neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in cattle. Although antibodies to N. caninum have been reported, the parasite has not been detected in human tissues. Thus, the zoonotic potential is uncertain. This review is focused mainly on the epidemiology and control of neosporosis in cattle, but worldwide seroprevalences of N. caninum in animals and humans are tabulated. The role of wildlife in the life cycle of N. caninum and strategies for the control of neosporosis in cattle are discussed.read more
Citations
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Rodent-borne diseases and their risks for public health
TL;DR: A large number of pathogens that are directly or indirectly transmitted by rodents are described and a simplified rodent disease model is discussed.
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Neosporosis in animals--the last five years.
Jitender P. Dubey,Gereon Schares +1 more
TL;DR: This review is focused on current status of neosporosis in animals based on papers published in the last five years and strategies for control and prevention are discussed.
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What is the global economic impact of Neospora caninum in cattle - the billion dollar question.
TL;DR: This estimate of global losses due to N. caninum, with the identification of clear target markets (countries, as well as cattle industries), should provide an incentive to develop treatment options and/or vaccines.
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Australian dingoes are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum.
TL;DR: Oocyst shedding from the intestinal tract of a dingo demonstrates that dingoes are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum and horizontal transmission of N.caninum from dingoes to farm animals and wildlife may occur in Australia.
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Comparative Genomics of the Apicomplexan Parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum: Coccidia Differing in Host Range and Transmission Strategy
Adam J. Reid,Sarah J. Vermont,James Cotton,David Harris,Grant A. Hill-Cawthorne,Stephanie Könen-Waisman,Sophia M. Latham,Tobias Mourier,Rebecca Norton,Michael A. Quail,Mandy Sanders,Dhanasekaran Shanmugam,Amandeep Sohal,James D. Wasmuth,James D. Wasmuth,Brian P. Brunk,Michael E. Grigg,Jonathan C. Howard,John Parkinson,David S. Roos,Alexander J. Trees,Matthew Berriman,Arnab Pain,Arnab Pain,Jonathan M. Wastling +24 more
TL;DR: The ecological niches occupied by these species are influenced by a relatively small number of gene products which operate at the host-parasite interface and that the dominance of vertical transmission in N. caninum may be associated with the evolution of reduced virulence in this species.
References
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Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in dairy and beef cattle with reproductive disorders in Japan.
Masahiro Koiwai,Takahumi Hamaoka,Makoto Haritani,Shinya Shimizu,Toshiyuki Tsutsui,Mariko Eto,Itsuro Yamane +6 more
TL;DR: Seroprevalence of N. caninum seems to be causing serious economic losses in the dairy industry in Japan, indicating that neosporosis might be a more common problem in dairy cattle than in beef cattle in Japan.
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Antibodies to Neospora caninum in stray cats from north Italy.
TL;DR: The results confirm that domestic cats are exposed to N. caninum and the observed seroprevalences suggest that risk of exposure is high and N.Caninum should be considered in differential diagnosis in cats with neurological signs.
Journal Article
Reproductive performance of a cow-calf herd following a Neospora caninum-associated abortion epidemic.
TL;DR: This study examines the long-term impact of a Neospora caninum-associated abortion outbreak in a large cow-calf herd in northern Alberta and identified no subsequent associations with increased risk of abortion, stillbirth, or nonpregnancy.
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Prevalence of Neospora caninum infection in Sardinian dairy farms (Italy) detected by iscom ELISA on tank bulk milk
Antonio Varcasia,Gioia Capelli,Angelo Ruiu,Maria Gabriela Ladu,Antonio Scala,Camilla Björkman,Camilla Björkman +6 more
TL;DR: The newest enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) methodology that exploits immune-stimulating complexes (iscoms) principle and allows us to point out the infection in the tank bulk milk too, besides the individual cattle, is used to update the epidemiological trend of N. caninum in Sardinia.
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RECOMBINANT NhSAG1 ELISA: A SENSITIVE AND SPECIFIC ASSAY FOR DETECTING ANTIBODIES AGAINST NEOSPORA HUGHESI IN EQUINE SERUM
Jessica S. Hoane,Michelle R. Yeargan,S. Stamper,William J. Saville,Jennifer K. Morrow,David S. Lindsay,Daniel K. Howe +6 more
TL;DR: The sensitivity and specificity exhibited by the rNhSAG1 ELISA suggest that it has a potential use for serodiagnosis of N. hughesi infection in equids, and the high-throughput capability of the ELISA will allow for screening large sample sets, which should provide a better understanding ofN.