Epidemiology and Control of Neosporosis and Neospora caninum
TLDR
This review is focused mainly on the epidemiology and control of neosporosis in cattle, but worldwide seroprevalences of N. caninum in animals and humans are tabulated.Abstract:
Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite of animals. Until 1988, it was misidentified as Toxoplasma gondii. Since its first recognition in dogs in 1984 and the description of the new genus and species Neospora caninum in 1988, neosporosis has emerged as a serious disease of cattle and dogs worldwide. Abortions and neonatal mortality are a major problem in livestock operations, and neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in cattle. Although antibodies to N. caninum have been reported, the parasite has not been detected in human tissues. Thus, the zoonotic potential is uncertain. This review is focused mainly on the epidemiology and control of neosporosis in cattle, but worldwide seroprevalences of N. caninum in animals and humans are tabulated. The role of wildlife in the life cycle of N. caninum and strategies for the control of neosporosis in cattle are discussed.read more
Citations
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Rodent-borne diseases and their risks for public health
TL;DR: A large number of pathogens that are directly or indirectly transmitted by rodents are described and a simplified rodent disease model is discussed.
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Neosporosis in animals--the last five years.
Jitender P. Dubey,Gereon Schares +1 more
TL;DR: This review is focused on current status of neosporosis in animals based on papers published in the last five years and strategies for control and prevention are discussed.
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What is the global economic impact of Neospora caninum in cattle - the billion dollar question.
TL;DR: This estimate of global losses due to N. caninum, with the identification of clear target markets (countries, as well as cattle industries), should provide an incentive to develop treatment options and/or vaccines.
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Australian dingoes are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum.
TL;DR: Oocyst shedding from the intestinal tract of a dingo demonstrates that dingoes are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum and horizontal transmission of N.caninum from dingoes to farm animals and wildlife may occur in Australia.
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Comparative Genomics of the Apicomplexan Parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum: Coccidia Differing in Host Range and Transmission Strategy
Adam J. Reid,Sarah J. Vermont,James Cotton,David Harris,Grant A. Hill-Cawthorne,Stephanie Könen-Waisman,Sophia M. Latham,Tobias Mourier,Rebecca Norton,Michael A. Quail,Mandy Sanders,Dhanasekaran Shanmugam,Amandeep Sohal,James D. Wasmuth,James D. Wasmuth,Brian P. Brunk,Michael E. Grigg,Jonathan C. Howard,John Parkinson,David S. Roos,Alexander J. Trees,Matthew Berriman,Arnab Pain,Arnab Pain,Jonathan M. Wastling +24 more
TL;DR: The ecological niches occupied by these species are influenced by a relatively small number of gene products which operate at the host-parasite interface and that the dominance of vertical transmission in N. caninum may be associated with the evolution of reduced virulence in this species.
References
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Transplacental transmission and abortion in cows administered neospora caninum oocysts
Luis Fernando Pita Gondim,Milton M. McAllister,Richard Anderson-Sprecher,C. Björkman,T. F. Lock,Lawrence D. Firkins,L. Gao,W. R. Fischer +7 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that infection with N. caninum oocysts can cause transplacental transmission and abortion in cattle.
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Prevalence of Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora spp. infection in horses from Brazil based on presence of serum antibodies to parasite surface antigen.
Jessica S. Hoane,Solange Maria Gennari,Jitender P. Dubey,Márcio Garcia Ribeiro,Alexandre Secorun Borges,Lucia Eiko Oishi Yai,Daniel Moura de Aguiar,Guacyara Tenório Cavalcante,Gérson L. Bonesi,Daniel K. Howe +9 more
TL;DR: There is a high concentration of S. neurona in the environment of Brazil, which results in marked exposure of horses to this parasite, and the data further confirm that infection with Neospora spp.
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Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in non-carnivorous wildlife from Spain.
Sonia Almería,Dolors Vidal,David Ferrer,M. Pabón,M.I.G. Fernández-de-Mera,Francisco Ruiz-Fons,Vanesa Alzaga,Ignasi Marco,Carlos Calvete,Santiago Lavín,Christian Gortázar,Fernando López-Gatius,Jitender P. Dubey +12 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that in certain areas of Spain, N. caninum is present in wildlife, especially in red deer, which has important implications in both sylvatic cycles and may influence the prevalence of infection in cattle farms in those areas.
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An explorative study to assess the efficacy of Toltrazuril-sulfone (Ponazuril) in calves experimentally infected with Neospora caninum
TL;DR: Findings in this initially explorative approach indicate a basic effectiveness of ponazuril against experimental N. caninum infection in calves, and plans to follow the chemotherapeutical intervention strategy to control bovine neosporosis with a subsequent more extensive field study with naturally infected calves.
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Use of purified tachyzoite surface antigen p38 in an ELISA to diagnose bovine neosporosis.
Gereon Schares,M. Rauser,P. Söndgen,P. Rehberg,Andrea Bärwald,Jitender P. Dubey,R. Edelhofer,Franz Josef Conraths +7 more
TL;DR: Affinity-purified 38 kDa surface antigen of Neospora caninum tachyzoites was used to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to diagnose N.caninum-associated abortion in cattle and serological differences could be demonstrated between herds with epidemic and endemic abortions.