Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Swift Era
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In this article, the authors review the rapid observational and theoretical progress in this dynamical research field during the first two-year of the Swift mission, focusing on how observational breakthroughs have revolutionized our understanding of the physical origins of GRBs.Abstract:
Since the successful launch of NASA's dedicated gamma-ray burst (GRB) mission, Swift, the study of cosmological GRBs has entered a new era. Here I review the rapid observational and theoretical progress in this dynamical research field during the first two-year of the Swift mission, focusing on how observational breakthroughs have revolutionized our understanding of the physical origins of GRBs. Besides summarizing how Swift helps to solve some pre-Swift mysteries, I also list some outstanding problems raised by the Swift observations. An outlook of GRB science in the future, especially in the GLAST era, is briefly discussed.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Methods and results of an automatic analysis of a complete sample of Swift-XRT observations of GRBs
Phil Evans,A. P. Beardmore,K. L. Page,J. P. Osborne,P. T. O'Brien,Richard Willingale,R. L. C. Starling,David N. Burrows,Olivier Godet,L. Vetere,Judith Racusin,M. R. Goad,Klaas Wiersema,Lorella Angelini,Milvia Capalbi,G. Chincarini,G. Chincarini,Neil Gehrels,J. A. Kennea,Raffaella Margutti,Raffaella Margutti,D. C. Morris,D. C. Morris,C. J. Mountford,C. Pagani,M. Perri,P. Romano,Nial R. Tanvir +27 more
TL;DR: A homogeneous X-rays analysis of all 318 gamma-ray bursts detected by the X-ray telescope (XRT) on the Swift satellite up to 2008 July 23 is presented; this represents the largest sample ofX-ray GRB data published to date.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dark Energy
TL;DR: A survey of theoretical models and some aspects of numerical studies for dark energy can be found in this paper, where the authors review the problem of dark energy, including a survey of the theoretical models.
Journal ArticleDOI
The physics of gamma-ray bursts & relativistic jets
Pawan Kumar,Bing Zhang +1 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of major developments in our understanding of gamma-ray bursts, with particular focus on the discoveries made within the last fifteen years when their true nature was uncovered, can be found in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts and Relativistic Jets
Pawan Kumar,Bing Zhang +1 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of major developments in the understanding of gamma-ray bursts can be found in this article, with particular focus on the discoveries made within the last fifteen years when their true nature was uncovered.
Journal ArticleDOI
The strongest cosmic magnets: soft gamma-ray repeaters and anomalous X-ray pulsars
Abstract: Two classes of X-ray pulsars, the anomalous X-ray pulsars and the soft gamma-ray repeaters, have been recognized in the last decade as the most promising candidates for being magnetars: isolated neutron stars powered by magnetic energy. I review the observational properties of these objects, focussing on the most recent results, and their interpretation in the magnetar model. Alternative explanations, in particular those based on accretion from residual disks, are also considered. The possible relations between these sources and other classes of neutron stars and astrophysical objects are also discussed.
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a model that a shock expanding in a dense medium has undergone the transition from a relativistic phase to a nonrelativistic one, which is consistent with the observations if the medium density is about 3 x 10(6) cm(-3).
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TL;DR: In this article, the synchrotron self-Compton emission from internal shocks occurring in relativistic winds was calculated as a source of gamma-ray bursts, with allowance for self-absorption.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the properties of the prompt and delayed gamma-ray burst and afterglow emissions of GRB 21211 within the fireball model and found that the energy density in the magnetic field in the ejecta, expressed as a fraction of the equipartition value (e B ), is larger than in the forward shock at 11 min by a factor of approximately 10 3.
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A photometric redshift of z = 6.39 ± 0.12 for GRB 050904
Josh Haislip,Melissa C. Nysewander,Daniel E. Reichart,Andrew J. Levan,Nial R. Tanvir,Stephen Bradley Cenko,D. B. Fox,P. A. Price,A. J. Castro-Tirado,Javier Gorosabel,Charles R. Evans,E. Figueredo,Chelsea L. MacLeod,J. Kirschbrown,Martin Jelínek,Sergei Guziy,A. de Ugarte Postigo,Eduardo S. Cypriano,Aaron P. LaCluyze,James R. Graham,Robert S. Priddey,Robert Chapman,James E. Rhoads,A. S. Fruchter,D. Q. Lamb,Chryssa Kouveliotou,Ralph A. M. J. Wijers,Matthew B. Bayliss,Matthew B. Bayliss,Brian P. Schmidt,Alicia M. Soderberg,Shrinivas R. Kulkarni,Fiona A. Harrison,Dae-Sik Moon,Avishay Gal-Yam,Mansi M. Kasliwal,René Hudec,Stanislav Vítek,Petr Kubánek,J. A. Crain,A. Foster,J. C. Clemens,J. W. Bartelme,R. Canterna,Dieter H. Hartmann,A. A. Henden,S. Klose,H-S Park,G. Grant Williams,Evert Rol,P. T. O'Brien,D. Bersier,Francisco Prada,S. Pizarro,D. Maturana,P. Ugarte,A. Alvarez,A. J.M. Fernandez,Matt J. Jarvis,Mariano Moles,E. Alfaro,K. M. Ivarsen,N. D. Kumar,C. E. Mack,C. M. Zdarowicz,N. Gehrels,Scott Barthelmy,David N. Burrows +67 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the discovery of the bright near-infrared afterglow of GRB 050904 and determined the photometric redshift of the burst to be 6.29 ± 0.01, in agreement with their photometric estimate.
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