Isolation of Anti-Inflammatory and Epithelium Reinforcing Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Spp. from A Healthy Fecal Donor.
Kaisa Hiippala,Veera Kainulainen,Maiju Suutarinen,Tuomas Heini,Jolene Bowers,Daniel Jasso-Selles,Darrin Lemmer,Michael Valentine,Riley Barnes,David M. Engelthaler,Reetta Satokari +10 more
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TLDR
A high-throughput in vitro screening assay to isolate intestinal commensal bacteria with anti-inflammatory capacity from a healthy fecal microbiota transplantation donor found that the Bacteroides strains isolated and characterized have potential to be used as so-called next-generation probiotics.Abstract:
Altered intestinal microbiota is associated with systemic and intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Dysbiotic microbiota with enhanced proinflammatory capacity is characterized by depletion of anaerobic commensals, increased proportion of facultatively anaerobic bacteria, as well as reduced diversity and stability. In this study, we developed a high-throughput in vitro screening assay to isolate intestinal commensal bacteria with anti-inflammatory capacity from a healthy fecal microbiota transplantation donor. Freshly isolated gut bacteria were screened for their capacity to attenuate Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin 8 (IL-8) release from HT-29 cells. The screen yielded a number of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides isolates, which were identified as P. distasonis, B. caccae, B. intestinalis, B. uniformis, B. fragilis, B. vulgatus and B. ovatus using whole genome sequencing. We observed that a cell-cell contact with the epithelium was not necessary to alleviate in vitro inflammation as spent culture media from the isolates were also effective and the anti-inflammatory action did not correlate with the enterocyte adherence capacity of the isolates. The anti-inflammatory isolates also exerted enterocyte monolayer reinforcing action and lacked essential genes to synthetize hexa-acylated, proinflammatory lipid A, part of LPS. Yet, the anti-inflammatory effector molecules remain to be identified. The Bacteroides strains isolated and characterized in this study have potential to be used as so-called next-generation probiotics.read more
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Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Ameliorates Colon Inflammation in Preclinical Models of Crohn's Disease
TL;DR: Protection of B. thetaiotaomicron in preclinical models of IBD protects against weight loss, histopathological changes in the colon and inflammatory markers, and indicates that the live strain or its products may be a novel alternative to current treatment options for Crohn’s disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parabacteroides distasonis: intriguing aerotolerant gut anaerobe with emerging antimicrobial resistance and pathogenic and probiotic roles in human health.
Jessica C. Ezeji,Daven K. Sarikonda,Austin Hopperton,Hailey L. Erkkila,Daniel E. Cohen,Sandra P. Martinez,Fabio Cominelli,Tomomi Kuwahara,Armand E. K. Dichosa,Caryn E. Good,Michael R. Jacobs,Mikhail V. Khoretonenko,Alida Veloo,Alexander Rodriguez-Palacios +13 more
TL;DR: Parabacteroides distasonis is a genus of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria that commonly colonize the gastrointestinal tract of numerous species as mentioned in this paper, and is the type strain for the genus Parabacterides.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel Odoribacter splanchnicus Strain and Its Outer Membrane Vesicles Exert Immunoregulatory Effects in vitro
Kaisa Hiippala,Gonçalo Barreto,Claudia Burrello,Angelica Diaz-Basabe,Maiju Suutarinen,Veera Kainulainen,Jolene Bowers,Darrin Lemmer,David M. Engelthaler,Kari K. Eklund,Federica Facciotti,Reetta Satokari +11 more
TL;DR: In vitro findings indicate that O. splanchnicus and its effector molecules transported in OMVs could potentially exert anti-inflammatory action in the gut epithelium, and seems to be a commensal with a primarily beneficial interaction with the host.
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High Intake of Sugar and the Balance between Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Gut Bacteria.
TL;DR: High dietary sugar can, through the modulation of microbiota, promote metabolic endotoxemia, systemic inflammation and the development of metabolic dysregulation and thereby, high dietary sugar may have many-fold deleterious health effects, in addition to providing excess energy.
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PET microplastics affect human gut microbiota communities during simulated gastrointestinal digestion, first evidence of plausible polymer biodegradation during human digestion
Alba Tamargo,Natalia Molinero,Julián Jiménez Reinosa,Víctor Alcolea-Rodriguez,Raquel Portela,Miguel A. Bañares,José F. Fernández,M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper , a single dose of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) through the gastrointestinal tract was simulated by combining a harmonized static model and the dynamic gastrointestinal simgi model, which recreates the different regions of the digestive tract in physiological conditions.
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