Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanical tearing of graphene on an oxidizing metal surface
TLDR
It is demonstrated from temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy that the primary defect formation process in graphene involves boundary-type defects rather than vacancy or sp(3)-type defects, consistent with a mechanical tearing process that splits graphene into small polycrystalline domains.Abstract:
Graphene, the thinnest possible anticorrosion and gas-permeation barrier, is poised to transform the protective coatings industry for a variety of surface applications. In this work, we have studied the structural changes of graphene when the underlying copper surface undergoes oxidation upon heating. Single-layer graphene directly grown on a copper surface by chemical vapour deposition was annealed under ambient atmosphere conditions up to 400 °C. The onset temperature of the surface oxidation of copper is found to be higher for graphene-coated foils. Parallel arrays of graphene nanoripples are a ubiquitous feature of pristine graphene on copper, and we demonstrate that these form crucial sites for the onset of the oxidation of copper, particularly for ∼0.3-0.4 μm ripple widths. In these regions, the oxidation proceeds along the length of the nanoripples, resulting in the formation of parallel stripes of oxidized copper regions. We demonstrate from temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy that the primary defect formation process in graphene involves boundary-type defects rather than vacancy or sp(3)-type defects. This observation is consistent with a mechanical tearing process that splits graphene into small polycrystalline domains. The size of these is estimated to be sub-50 nm.read more
Citations
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Estimating the thermal expansion coefficient of graphene: the role of graphene-substrate interactions.
TL;DR: For graphene wet-transferred to three kinds of substrates: copper, poly-dimethylsiloxane, and SiO2/Si, the Raman shifts can largely be modeled with lattice expansion and anharmonic contributions, and the data suggests limited interfacial interaction with the substrate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functionalization of steel surfaces with organic acids: Influence on wetting and corrosion behavior
Micael Alonso Frank,Christian Meltzer,Björn Braunschweig,Wolfgang Peukert,Aldo R. Boccaccini,Sannakaisa Virtanen +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of self-assembled monolayers with different anchoring groups and chain lengths regarding wettability, corrosion resistance and homogeneity of the layer were studied in detail.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review on the corrosion-promotion activity of graphene and its inhibition
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the mechanisms, influencing factors, and inhibition strategies of the CPA of GFs and GNCs are highlighted from the point of view of corrosion science to address the bottlenecks and challenges for future research and potential applications of graphene for corrosion protection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Graphene coating for anti-corrosion and the investigation of failure mechanism
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of grain boundaries (GBs) on the failure of graphene layers to provide adequate protection were investigated in detail by combining graphene transfer techniques, computation, and anti-corrosion measurements.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ångström-Scale, Atomically Thin 2D Materials for Corrosion Mitigation and Passivation
TL;DR: In this paper, the mechanism of 2D materials in corrosion mitigation and passivation related to physicochemical properties and variations, such as defects, out-of-plane deformations, interfacial states, temporal and thickness variations, etc.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene
TL;DR: Graphene is established as the strongest material ever measured, and atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.
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Interpretation of Raman spectra of disordered and amorphous carbon
Andrea C. Ferrari,John Robertson +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a model and theoretical understanding of the Raman spectra in disordered and amorphous carbon is given, and the nature of the G and D vibration modes in graphite is analyzed in terms of the resonant excitation of \ensuremath{\pi} states and the long-range polarizability of the long range bonding.
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Raman spectroscopy as a versatile tool for studying the properties of graphene
Andrea C. Ferrari,Denis M. Basko +1 more
TL;DR: The state of the art, future directions and open questions in Raman spectroscopy of graphene are reviewed, and essential physical processes whose importance has only recently been recognized are described.
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Raman spectroscopy in graphene
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the first-order and double resonance Raman scattering mechanisms in graphene, which give rise to the most prominent Raman features and give special emphasis to the possibility of using Raman spectroscopy to distinguish a monolayer from few-layer graphene stacked in the Bernal configuration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantifying defects in graphene via Raman spectroscopy at different excitation energies
Luiz Gustavo Cançado,Ado Jorio,E. H. Martins Ferreira,Fernando Stavale,Carlos A. Achete,Rodrigo B. Capaz,Marcus V. O. Moutinho,Antonio Lombardo,Tero S. Kulmala,Andrea C. Ferrari +9 more
TL;DR: It is found that the ratio between the D and G peak intensities, for a given defect density, strongly depends on the laser excitation energy, and a simple equation for the determination of the point defect density in graphene via Raman spectroscopy is presented.