Neutralizing antibody levels are highly predictive of immune protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.
David S. Khoury,Deborah Cromer,Arnold Reynaldi,Timothy E. Schlub,Timothy E. Schlub,Adam K. Wheatley,Jennifer A Juno,Kanta Subbarao,Stephen J. Kent,Stephen J. Kent,Stephen J. Kent,James A. Triccas,Miles P. Davenport +12 more
TLDR
It is shown that neutralization level is highly predictive of immune protection, and an evidence-based model of SARS-CoV-2 immune protection that will assist in developing vaccine strategies to control the future trajectory of the pandemic is provided.Abstract:
Predictive models of immune protection from COVID-19 are urgently needed to identify correlates of protection to assist in the future deployment of vaccines. To address this, we analyzed the relationship between in vitro neutralization levels and the observed protection from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection using data from seven current vaccines and from convalescent cohorts. We estimated the neutralization level for 50% protection against detectable SARS-CoV-2 infection to be 20.2% of the mean convalescent level (95% confidence interval (CI) = 14.4–28.4%). The estimated neutralization level required for 50% protection from severe infection was significantly lower (3% of the mean convalescent level; 95% CI = 0.7–13%, P = 0.0004). Modeling of the decay of the neutralization titer over the first 250 d after immunization predicts that a significant loss in protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection will occur, although protection from severe disease should be largely retained. Neutralization titers against some SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern are reduced compared with the vaccine strain, and our model predicts the relationship between neutralization and efficacy against viral variants. Here, we show that neutralization level is highly predictive of immune protection, and provide an evidence-based model of SARS-CoV-2 immune protection that will assist in developing vaccine strategies to control the future trajectory of the pandemic. Estimates of the levels of neutralizing antibodies necessary for protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 or severe COVID-19 are a fraction of the mean level in convalescent serum and will be useful in guiding vaccine rollouts.read more
Citations
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Sub-optimal neutralisation of omicron (B.1.1.529) variant by antibodies induced by vaccine alone or SARS-CoV-2 Infection plus vaccine (hybrid immunity) post 6-months
Guruprasad R. Medigeshi,Gaurav Batra,Deepika Rathna Murugesan,Ramachandran Thiruvengadam,Souvick Chattopadhyay,Bhabatosh Das,Mudita Gosain,Ayushi,J. Singh,Anantharaj Anbalagan,Heena Shaman,Farha Mehdi,Soon Jyoti Das,Namrata Kahlon,Savita Singh,Pallavi Kshetrapal,Nitya Wadhwa,Anil Kumar Pandey,Shinjini Bhatnagar,Pramod Kumar Garg +19 more
TL;DR: In this article , the ability of vaccine and natural infection induced antibodies to neutralise omicron variant in a live virus neutralisation assay in four groups of individuals: (i) ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination, (ii) ChadOx1nCoV19 vaccination plus prior SARS-CoV 2 infection, (iii) vaccination with inactivated virus vaccine (BBV152), and (iv) BBV152 vaccination plus pre-existing SARS CoV-2 infection.
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B Cell Numbers Predict Humoral and Cellular Response Upon <scp>SARS</scp> – <scp>CoV</scp> ‐2 Vaccination Among Patients Treated With Rituximab
TL;DR: In this paper , a minimum 10 B cells/μl (0,4% of lymphocytes) in the peripheral circulation appeared to be required in rheumatoid arthritis patients to mount seroconversion to anti-S1 IgG upon SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Journal ArticleDOI
WHO international standard for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to determine markers of protection
TL;DR: The neutralizing antibody level is a good biomarker for the correlate of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection as mentioned in this paper , but results from these studies are presented using assays that have not been calibrated using a common reference standard, making it difficult to define the exact level of neutralising antibodies required for protection and to compare with current and future studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pfizer-BioNTech and Sinopharm: A Comparative Study on Post-Vaccination Antibody Titers
Rami Alqassieh,Aiman Suleiman,Sami A. Abu-Halaweh,Abeer Santarisi,Omar Shatnawi,Lara Shdaifat,Amjed A. Tarifi,Mohammad Al-Tamimi,Abdel-Ellah Al-Shudifat,Heba Alsmadi,Ahmed Al Sharqawi,Hadeel Alnawaiseh,Yara Anasweh,Farah Abo Domaidah,Haneen Abu Jaber,Mohammad Rashid Al-Zarir,Isam Bsisu +16 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the titers of specific antibodies in subjects vaccinated with either the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine or the Sinopharm vaccine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of the SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response to the BNT162b2 Vaccine in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis.
Kevin Yau,Kento T. Abe,Kento T. Abe,David Naimark,Matthew J. Oliver,Jeffrey Perl,Jerome A. Leis,Shelly Bolotin,Vanessa Tran,Sarah I. Mullin,Ellen Shadowitz,Anny Gonzalez,Tatjana Sukovic,Julie Garnham-Takaoka,Keelia Quinn De Launay,Alyson Takaoka,Sharon E. Straus,Allison McGeer,Christopher T. Chan,Karen Colwill,Anne-Claude Gingras,Anne-Claude Gingras,Michelle A. Hladunewich +22 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis following 1 vs 2 doses of BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination compared with health care workers serving as controls and convalescent serum.
References
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TL;DR: The mRNA-1273 vaccine as discussed by the authors is a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA-based vaccine that encodes the prefusion stabilized full-length spike protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes Covid-19.
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Jennifer M. Dan,Jennifer M. Dan,Jose Mateus,Yu Kato,Kathryn M. Hastie,Esther Dawen Yu,Caterina E. Faliti,Alba Grifoni,Sydney I. Ramirez,Sydney I. Ramirez,Sonya Haupt,April Frazier,Catherine Nakao,Vamseedhar Rayaprolu,Stephen A. Rawlings,Bjoern Peters,Bjoern Peters,Florian Krammer,Viviana Simon,Erica Ollmann Saphire,Erica Ollmann Saphire,Davey M. Smith,Daniela Weiskopf,Alessandro Sette,Alessandro Sette,Shane Crotty,Shane Crotty +26 more
TL;DR: This article analyzed multiple compartments of circulating immune memory to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 254 samples from 188 COVID-19 cases, including 43 samples at ≥ 6 months after infection.
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Efficacy and Safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.
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Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK.
Merryn Voysey,Clemens Sac.,Shabir A. Madhi,Lily Yin Weckx,P M Folegatti,Parvinder K. Aley,Brian Angus,Vicky L. Baillie,Shaun Barnabas,Q E Bhorat,S Bibi,Carmen Briner,P Cicconi,Andrea M. Collins,R Colin-Jones,Clare L. Cutland,Thomas C. Darton,Keertan Dheda,Duncan Cja.,Emary Krw.,Katie J. Ewer,Lee Fairlie,Saul N. Faust,Shuo Feng,Daniela M. Ferreira,Adam Finn,Anna Goodman,Catherine M. Green,Christopher A Green,Paul T. Heath,Christopher Hill,Helen Hill,Ian Hirsch,Hodgson Shc.,Allen Izu,S Jackson,D Jenkin,Joe Ccd.,S Kerridge,Anthonet Koen,Gaurav Kwatra,Rajeka Lazarus,Alison M. Lawrie,A Lelliott,Vincenzo Libri,Patrick J. Lillie,R Mallory,Mendes Ava.,Eveline Pipolo Milan,Angela M. Minassian,Alastair McGregor,Hazel Morrison,Y Mujadidi,Amit J Nana,P J O’Reilly,S D Padayachee,A Pittella,E Plested,Katrina M Pollock,M N Ramasamy,S Rhead,Alexandre Vargas Schwarzbold,Nisha Singh,Andrew Smith,R Song,Matthew D. Snape,Eduardo Sprinz,Rebecca K. Sutherland,R Tarrant,E. Thomson,M E Török,Mark Toshner,Turner Dpj.,Johan Vekemans,Tonya Villafana,Watson Mee.,C J Williams,Alexander D. Douglas,Hill Avs.,Teresa Lambe,Sarah C. Gilbert,Andrew J. Pollard +81 more