Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease a feature of the metabolic syndrome
Giulio Marchesini,Mara Brizi,Giampaolo Bianchi,Sara Tomassetti,Elisabetta Bugianesi,Marco Lenzi,Arthur J. McCullough,S. Natale,Gabriele Forlani,Nazario Melchionda +9 more
TLDR
It is concluded that NAFLD, in the presence of normoglycemia and normal or moderately increased body weight, is characterized by clinical and laboratory data similar to those found in diabetes and obesity.Abstract:
Insulin sensitivity (euglycemic clamp, insulin infusion rate: 40 mU m(-2) min(-1)) was studied in 30 subjects with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), normal glucose tolerance, and a BMI <30 kg/m(2) Of those 30 subjects, 9 had pure fatty liver and 21 had evidence of steatohepatitis In addition, 10 patients with type 2 diabetes under good metabolic control and 10 healthy subjects were studied Most NAFLD patients had central fat accumulation, increased triglycerides and uric acid, and low HDL cholesterol, irrespective of BMI Glucose disposal during the clamp was reduced by nearly 50% in NAFLD patients, as well as in patients with normal body weight, to an extent similar to that of the type 2 diabetic patients Basal free fatty acids were increased, whereas insulin-mediated suppression of lipolysis was less effective (-69% in NAFLD vs -84% in control subjects; P = 0003) Postabsorptive hepatic glucose production (HGP), measured by [6,6-(2)H(2)]glucose, was normal In response to insulin infusion, HGP decreased by only 63% of basal in NAFLD vs 84% in control subjects (P = 0002) Compared with type 2 diabetic patients, NAFLD patients were characterized by lower basal HGP, but with similarly reduced insulin-mediated suppression of HGP There was laboratory evidence of iron overload in many NAFLD patients, but clinical, histological, and biochemical data (including insulin sensitivity) were not correlated with iron status Four subjects were heterozygous for mutation His63Asp of the HFE gene of familiar hemochromatosis We concluded that NAFLD, in the presence of normoglycemia and normal or moderately increased body weight, is characterized by clinical and laboratory data similar to those found in diabetes and obesity NAFLD may be considered an additional feature of the metabolic syndrome, with specific hepatic insulin resistanceread more
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Metabolic syndrome is related to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in severely obese subjects.
TL;DR: MetS and NASH were common in severely obese Taiwanese adults and presence of MetS, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose was independently related to increased risk of NASH.
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Serum γ-glutamyl transferase activity predicts future development of metabolic syndrome defined by 2 different criteria
Sook-Kyoung Jo,Won Young Lee,Eun-Jung Rhee,Jong Chul Won,Chan-Hee Jung,Cheol-Young Park,Ki-Won Oh,Sung Woo Park,Sun Woo Kim +8 more
TL;DR: High baseline GGT and ALT concentrations predicted future development of MetS defined by IDF and AHA/NHLBI criteria after 4 y of follow-up, and the area under the curves to predict future MetS by both criteria was larger than the AUCs of blood pressure, fasting glucose and HDL-C.
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Post-mortem findings in familial partial lipodystrophy, Dunnigan variety
TL;DR: Autopsy findings in two patients with FPLD were studied to determine fat distribution and organ involvement and it was found that fat accumulation in the head, neck and intra‐abdominal areas was high.
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Choline Supplementation Protects against Liver Damage by Normalizing Cholesterol Metabolism in Pemt/Ldlr Knockout Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet
Ala Al Rajabi,Gabriela Salim Ferreira Castro,Robin P. da Silva,Randy C. Nelson,Aducio Thiesen,Helio Vannucchi,Donna F. Vine,Spencer D. Proctor,Catherine J. Field,Jonathan M. Curtis,René L. Jacobs +10 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that choline can promote liver health by maintaining cholesterol homeostasis by normalized cholesterol metabolism, which was sufficient to prevent nonalcoholic steatohepatitis development and improve liver function.
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Beneficial Effects of Pomegranate on Lipid Metabolism in Metabolic Disorders.
TL;DR: It is shown that mitochondria, the major cellular site for lipid oxidation, are strongly associated with cellular oxidative and inflammatory status and are likely to be a target for pomegranate extract action.
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