Journal ArticleDOI
Nutrition, the gut microbiome and the metabolic syndrome
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TLDR
The complexity surrounding the interactions between diet and the gut microbiota, and their connection to obesity is discussed, and the literature on the effects of probiotics and prebiotics on the gut microbiome and host metabolism is reviewed, focussing primarily on their anti-obesity potential.Abstract:
Metabolic syndrome is a lifestyle disease, determined by the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Obesity is a significant risk factor for development of the metabolic syndrome, and the prevalence of obesity is increasing due to changes in lifestyle and diet. Recently, the gut microbiota has emerged as an important contributor to the development of obesity and metabolic disorders, through its interactions with environmental (e.g. diet) and genetic factors. Human and animal studies have shown that alterations in intestinal microbiota composition and shifts in the gut microbiome towards increased energy harvest are associated with an obese phenotype. However, the underlying mechanisms by which gut microbiota affects host metabolism still need to be defined. In this review we discuss the complexity surrounding the interactions between diet and the gut microbiota, and their connection to obesity. Furthermore, we review the literature on the effects of probiotics and prebiotics on the gut microbiota and host metabolism, focussing primarily on their anti-obesity potential.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary Fiber-Induced Improvement in Glucose Metabolism Is Associated with Increased Abundance of Prevotella
Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary,Anne Nilsson,Rozita Akrami,Ying Shiuan Lee,Filipe De Vadder,Tulika Arora,Anna Hallén,Eric C. Martens,Inger Björck,Fredrik Bäckhed,Fredrik Bäckhed +10 more
TL;DR: It is indicated that Prevotella plays a role in the BKB-induced improvement in glucose metabolism observed in certain individuals, potentially by promoting increased glycogen storage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Minireview: Gut Microbiota: The Neglected Endocrine Organ
Gerard Clarke,Roman M. Stilling,Paul J. Kennedy,Catherine Stanton,Catherine Stanton,John F. Cryan,Timothy G. Dinan +6 more
TL;DR: The concept that the gut microbiota serves as a virtual endocrine organ arises from a number of important observations and it is tempting to speculate that therapeutic targeting of the Gut microbiota may be useful in treating stress-related disorders and metabolic diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural history of the infant gut microbiome and impact of antibiotic treatment on bacterial strain diversity and stability
Moran Yassour,Moran Yassour,Tommi Vatanen,Tommi Vatanen,Heli Siljander,Anu-Maaria Hämäläinen,Taina Härkönen,Samppa J. Ryhänen,Eric A. Franzosa,Hera Vlamakis,Curtis Huttenhower,Curtis Huttenhower,Dirk Gevers,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander,Mikael Knip,Ramnik J. Xavier +16 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report a longitudinal study of the gut microbiome based on DNA sequence analysis of monthly stool samples and clinical information from 39 children, about half of whom received multiple courses of antibiotics during the first 3 years of life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome
Davide Festi,Ramona Schiumerini,Leonardo Henry Eusebi,Giovanni Marasco,Martina Taddia,Antonio Colecchia +5 more
TL;DR: Manipulation of gut microbiota through the administration of prebiotics or probiotics could reduce intestinal low grade inflammation and improve gut barrier integrity, thus, ameliorating metabolic balance and promoting weight loss.
Journal ArticleDOI
Roseburia spp.: a marker of health?
Zohreh Tamanai-Shacoori,Imen Smida,Latifa Bousarghin,Olivier Loréal,Vincent Meuric,Vincent Meuric,Shao Bing Fong,Martine Bonnaure-Mallet,Martine Bonnaure-Mallet,Anne Jolivet-Gougeon,Anne Jolivet-Gougeon +10 more
TL;DR: The genus Roseburia consists of obligate Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that are slightly curved, rod-shaped and motile by means of multiple subterminal flagella, affecting colonic motility, immunity maintenance and anti-inflammatory properties.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The metabolic syndrome
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