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On the european union
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In this article, the authors examined the patterns and effects of departmental oversight across 28 ministries in Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia in relation to transposition planning, legal review and monitoring of deadlines.Abstract:
The extent to which member states transpose EU directives in a timely fashion is often argued to be strongly associated with the general effectiveness of national bureaucracies. But what kind of institutional solutions ensure better performance? This paper examines the patterns and effects of departmental oversight across 28 ministries in Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia. In mapping the strength of oversight, it relies on around 90 structured interviews regarding the rules-in-use on transposition planning, legal review and monitoring of deadlines. The analysis of the impact of departmental oversight is based on an original dataset of over 300 directives with transposition deadlines between January 2005 and December 2008.read more
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Exposure of the U.S. population to bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-octylphenol: 2003-2004
TL;DR: Urine concentrations of total BPA differed by race/ethnicity, age, sex, and household income, and these first U.S. population representative concentration data for urinary BPA and tOP should help guide public health research priorities.
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A Survey on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Toward Medical XAI
Erico Tjoa,Cuntai Guan +1 more
TL;DR: A review on interpretabilities suggested by different research works and categorize them is provided, hoping that insight into interpretability will be born with more considerations for medical practices and initiatives to push forward data-based, mathematically grounded, and technically grounded medical education are encouraged.
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A 'business opportunity' model of corporate social responsibility for small- and medium-sized enterprises
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use case studies of UK SMEs from a range of sectors to explore the numerous CSR opportunities that present themselves to SMEs, such as developing innovative products and services, serving unserved markets and building new business models.
The Global E-waste Monitor 2014: Quantities, flows and resources
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the first comprehensive assessment of e-waste volumes, their corresponding impacts and management status on a global scale using an internationally-adopted measuring framework that has been developed by the Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development.
References
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Views and experiences of community pharmacy team members on antimicrobial stewardship activities in Scotland: a qualitative study.
TL;DR: Views and experiences of community pharmacy teams across Scotland on antimicrobial stewardship, activities related to European Antibiotic Awareness Day, and a self-help guide to treating infection are explored.
EU Foreign Policy towards Balkans: An Opportunity or a Challenge ?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an overview of the EU's involvement in the Balkans with special focus being placed on EU's Foreign Policy, and examine the EU policy towards the Balkans based on Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP).
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The impact of the UN human rights system and human rights INGOs on the Saudi Government with special reference to the spiral model
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the impact of the UN human rights system and human rights NGOs in Saudi Arabia and apply the spiral model, which seeks to clarify the impacts of transnational human rights networks on states.
Evaluating the EU: the influence of national institutional quality, media and interpersonal communication on EU democratic performance evaluations
TL;DR: In this article, Pieterjan Desmet conclude that media and interpersoonlijke communicatie een grote rol spelen in the evaluatie van het Europese niveau.
Technology diffusion and health care productivity: angioplasty in the UK
TL;DR: PTCA, although acting to reduce treatment costs through the process of substitution for the more expensive procedure is shown to increase overall costs through increasing the potential patient population that could be treated for CHD with surgery.