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In this article, the authors examined the patterns and effects of departmental oversight across 28 ministries in Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia in relation to transposition planning, legal review and monitoring of deadlines.Abstract:
The extent to which member states transpose EU directives in a timely fashion is often argued to be strongly associated with the general effectiveness of national bureaucracies. But what kind of institutional solutions ensure better performance? This paper examines the patterns and effects of departmental oversight across 28 ministries in Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia. In mapping the strength of oversight, it relies on around 90 structured interviews regarding the rules-in-use on transposition planning, legal review and monitoring of deadlines. The analysis of the impact of departmental oversight is based on an original dataset of over 300 directives with transposition deadlines between January 2005 and December 2008.read more
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Exposure of the U.S. population to bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-octylphenol: 2003-2004
TL;DR: Urine concentrations of total BPA differed by race/ethnicity, age, sex, and household income, and these first U.S. population representative concentration data for urinary BPA and tOP should help guide public health research priorities.
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A Survey on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Toward Medical XAI
Erico Tjoa,Cuntai Guan +1 more
TL;DR: A review on interpretabilities suggested by different research works and categorize them is provided, hoping that insight into interpretability will be born with more considerations for medical practices and initiatives to push forward data-based, mathematically grounded, and technically grounded medical education are encouraged.
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A 'business opportunity' model of corporate social responsibility for small- and medium-sized enterprises
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use case studies of UK SMEs from a range of sectors to explore the numerous CSR opportunities that present themselves to SMEs, such as developing innovative products and services, serving unserved markets and building new business models.
The Global E-waste Monitor 2014: Quantities, flows and resources
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the first comprehensive assessment of e-waste volumes, their corresponding impacts and management status on a global scale using an internationally-adopted measuring framework that has been developed by the Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development.
References
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Journal Article
Fistulectomy and fistulotomy for low anal fistula
TL;DR: Low fistula in ano can be satisfactorily and easily managed by surgery, there have been no complaints of problems with continence, also this results in great economy in hospital stay, less post operative pain and less morbidity with better long term results to the patients.
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Hot microbubble air stripping of dilute ethanol–water mixtures
TL;DR: In this paper, a hot microbubble cloud generated by energy efficient means has been used to remove ethanol from dilute ethanol-water mixtures maintained at 60 °C, and the effect of key operating parameters on the stripping rate has been studied.
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Geopolitics in the Western Balkans: linkages, leverages and gatekeepers
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make a multi-level investigation of linkages developed between Western Balkans and the leverage of the most influential actors during the last decade, without undermining historical and societal context that favor of disfavor them.
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Developments in the Chestnut Market of Turkey
TL;DR: Turkiye, 2016 yili dunya kestane uretiminde %2.97'lik payla en buyuk ikinci ulkedir.
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LAO P.D.R.: Assessing the Quality of Trade Statistics
TL;DR: The authors assesses external trade statistics in Lao PDR by looking at mirror statistics, and with reference to international experience in compilation and dissemination of external trade data, and find that exports could be underreported by 8 to 50 percent, while imports could be overreported by 30 to 70 percent, and the trade deficit could be 20 percent to 280 percent higher.