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On the european union
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In this article, the authors examined the patterns and effects of departmental oversight across 28 ministries in Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia in relation to transposition planning, legal review and monitoring of deadlines.Abstract:
The extent to which member states transpose EU directives in a timely fashion is often argued to be strongly associated with the general effectiveness of national bureaucracies. But what kind of institutional solutions ensure better performance? This paper examines the patterns and effects of departmental oversight across 28 ministries in Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia. In mapping the strength of oversight, it relies on around 90 structured interviews regarding the rules-in-use on transposition planning, legal review and monitoring of deadlines. The analysis of the impact of departmental oversight is based on an original dataset of over 300 directives with transposition deadlines between January 2005 and December 2008.read more
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Exposure of the U.S. population to bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-octylphenol: 2003-2004
TL;DR: Urine concentrations of total BPA differed by race/ethnicity, age, sex, and household income, and these first U.S. population representative concentration data for urinary BPA and tOP should help guide public health research priorities.
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A Survey on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Toward Medical XAI
Erico Tjoa,Cuntai Guan +1 more
TL;DR: A review on interpretabilities suggested by different research works and categorize them is provided, hoping that insight into interpretability will be born with more considerations for medical practices and initiatives to push forward data-based, mathematically grounded, and technically grounded medical education are encouraged.
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A 'business opportunity' model of corporate social responsibility for small- and medium-sized enterprises
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use case studies of UK SMEs from a range of sectors to explore the numerous CSR opportunities that present themselves to SMEs, such as developing innovative products and services, serving unserved markets and building new business models.
The Global E-waste Monitor 2014: Quantities, flows and resources
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the first comprehensive assessment of e-waste volumes, their corresponding impacts and management status on a global scale using an internationally-adopted measuring framework that has been developed by the Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development.
References
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A commentary on the climate change issue
TL;DR: The climate is changing and the balance of scientific evidence indicates a human contribution through increases in atmospheric greenhouse gases, continued emissions of which will lead to further climate change as discussed by the authors, and there is an issue to manage through both reducing net greenhouse gas emissions and implementing adaptation strategies.
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Multidimensional evaluation of tenants’ temporal relocation during a renovation: A comparison between two case studies from Sweden.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare two renovation strategies applied in two residential neighbourhoods in Gothenburg, Sweden, built between the 1950s and 1960s, and offer a real and experimental comparison that reach to political, architectural, social and economic conclusions to facilitate the decision-making regarding tenants' temporal relocation.
Using hyperspectral cameras on UAVS for spatial mapping of vegetated water-ways for integrated water management strategies.
Ellis Penning,Rick Noorlandt-Austen,Gé Van den Eertwegh,Koen Daniël Berends,Chanjoo Lee,Rob Fraaije +5 more
TL;DR: Heri et al. as mentioned in this paper, Korean Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyangdaero 283Goyang, 10223, The Republic of Korea ROB FRAAIJE Waterschap Aa en Maas, Pettelaarpark 70 ‘s-Hertogenbosch, 5216 PP, The Netherlands
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Horizontal Integration in Telecommunications Industry
TL;DR: In this paper, the current status of the development of functional separation in Europe Union, then explains the idea of separation of network from service provision and demonstrates it from the economics point of view.
Journal ArticleDOI
Emission reduction process for the energetic use of biogenic residues
TL;DR: In this paper, an exhaust gas purification procedure was developed and tested which can be used economically in decentral biomass plants, where the core of the exhaust aftertreatment process is a fabric filter with catalytically active filter bags which enables a combined reduction of dust and nitrogen oxides.