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On the european union
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In this article, the authors examined the patterns and effects of departmental oversight across 28 ministries in Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia in relation to transposition planning, legal review and monitoring of deadlines.Abstract:
The extent to which member states transpose EU directives in a timely fashion is often argued to be strongly associated with the general effectiveness of national bureaucracies. But what kind of institutional solutions ensure better performance? This paper examines the patterns and effects of departmental oversight across 28 ministries in Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia. In mapping the strength of oversight, it relies on around 90 structured interviews regarding the rules-in-use on transposition planning, legal review and monitoring of deadlines. The analysis of the impact of departmental oversight is based on an original dataset of over 300 directives with transposition deadlines between January 2005 and December 2008.read more
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Exposure of the U.S. population to bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-octylphenol: 2003-2004
TL;DR: Urine concentrations of total BPA differed by race/ethnicity, age, sex, and household income, and these first U.S. population representative concentration data for urinary BPA and tOP should help guide public health research priorities.
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A Survey on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Toward Medical XAI
Erico Tjoa,Cuntai Guan +1 more
TL;DR: A review on interpretabilities suggested by different research works and categorize them is provided, hoping that insight into interpretability will be born with more considerations for medical practices and initiatives to push forward data-based, mathematically grounded, and technically grounded medical education are encouraged.
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A 'business opportunity' model of corporate social responsibility for small- and medium-sized enterprises
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use case studies of UK SMEs from a range of sectors to explore the numerous CSR opportunities that present themselves to SMEs, such as developing innovative products and services, serving unserved markets and building new business models.
The Global E-waste Monitor 2014: Quantities, flows and resources
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the first comprehensive assessment of e-waste volumes, their corresponding impacts and management status on a global scale using an internationally-adopted measuring framework that has been developed by the Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development.
References
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“Completing Europe’s Economic and Monetary Union”. Any support from the citizens?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the EU experiences a stalemate between'more Europe vs. less Europe' at the level of peoples, which seriously undermines support for further integration 'from below'.
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The evolution of the European Union’s lifelong learning policies: an institutional learning perspective
TL;DR: This article argued that a complete historical analysis of the discourse on lifelong learning, coupled with an analysis of institutional learning from others will give a more appropriate picture of what contributed to the current conceptualisation of lifelong learning.
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Implementation strategies to enhance management of heavy alcohol consumption in primary health care: a meta-analysis
Myrna Keurhorst,Myrna Keurhorst,Irene van de Glind,Michaela Bitarello do. Amaral-Sabadini,Peter J. Anderson,Peter J. Anderson,Eileen Kaner,Dorothy Newbury-Birch,Jozé Braspenning,Michel Wensing,Maud Heinen,Miranda Laurant,Miranda Laurant +12 more
TL;DR: To increase delivery of alcohol screening and brief interventions and decrease patients' alcohol consumption, implementation strategies should include a combination of patient-, professional- and organizational-orientated approaches and involve mid-level health professionals as well as physicians.
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Food security in protracted crises: building more effective policy frameworks.
TL;DR: It is argued that maintaining the food entitlements of crisis-affected populations must extend beyond interventions to ensure immediate human survival, and key attributes of agency frameworks that could support more effective policy processes to address longer term as well as immediate food security needs are discussed.
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The effectiveness of the Austrian disease management programme for type 2 diabetes: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.
Andreas Sönnichsen,Henrike Winkler,Maria Flamm,Sigrid Panisch,Peter Kowatsch,Gert Klima,Bernhard Fürthauer,Raimund Weitgasser +7 more
TL;DR: The Austrian DMP implemented by statutory health insurance improves process quality and enhances weight reduction, but does not significantly improve metabolic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.