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On the european union
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In this article, the authors examined the patterns and effects of departmental oversight across 28 ministries in Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia in relation to transposition planning, legal review and monitoring of deadlines.Abstract:
The extent to which member states transpose EU directives in a timely fashion is often argued to be strongly associated with the general effectiveness of national bureaucracies. But what kind of institutional solutions ensure better performance? This paper examines the patterns and effects of departmental oversight across 28 ministries in Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia. In mapping the strength of oversight, it relies on around 90 structured interviews regarding the rules-in-use on transposition planning, legal review and monitoring of deadlines. The analysis of the impact of departmental oversight is based on an original dataset of over 300 directives with transposition deadlines between January 2005 and December 2008.read more
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Exposure of the U.S. population to bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-octylphenol: 2003-2004
TL;DR: Urine concentrations of total BPA differed by race/ethnicity, age, sex, and household income, and these first U.S. population representative concentration data for urinary BPA and tOP should help guide public health research priorities.
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A Survey on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Toward Medical XAI
Erico Tjoa,Cuntai Guan +1 more
TL;DR: A review on interpretabilities suggested by different research works and categorize them is provided, hoping that insight into interpretability will be born with more considerations for medical practices and initiatives to push forward data-based, mathematically grounded, and technically grounded medical education are encouraged.
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A 'business opportunity' model of corporate social responsibility for small- and medium-sized enterprises
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use case studies of UK SMEs from a range of sectors to explore the numerous CSR opportunities that present themselves to SMEs, such as developing innovative products and services, serving unserved markets and building new business models.
The Global E-waste Monitor 2014: Quantities, flows and resources
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the first comprehensive assessment of e-waste volumes, their corresponding impacts and management status on a global scale using an internationally-adopted measuring framework that has been developed by the Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development.
References
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Europe and Israel: Between Conflict and Cooperation
Toby Greene,Jonathan Rynhold +1 more
TL;DR: Frustration over right-wing Israeli policies on Palestine has held back the advance of EU-Israel relations, but has not yet led to EUwide pressure as mentioned in this paper, but has been growing.
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신기후체제하에서의 국제 탄소시장 활용방안 (Utilization of International Carbon Market under the Paris Agreement)
TL;DR: Kim et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed a carbon index to identify the potential use of international carbon market for climate change and identified the key principles for carbon reduction in the climate discussions, and proposed a framework for carbon offset programs.
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ICSID's Neoliberal Approach to Environmental Regulation in Developing Countries: Lessons from Latin America
TL;DR: ICSID, the preeminent foreign investment dispute settlement, today, was established in 1966 pursuant to the 1965 Washington Convention, it was said to create an impartial and stable forum, governed by a set of procedures, to settle investment disputes.
Safety and Regulatory Reform of Railways
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined evidence on the impact of restructuring on the safety performance of railways, of other transport modes, and to a small extent in other industries, using evaluation studies.
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Locating ‘World Society’ in European Studies
TL;DR: A sociological institutionalist approach known as "World Society" led by Stanford sociologist John W. Meyer is a useful way to move beyond the state and EU-centrism that is still prevalent in European studies as mentioned in this paper.