Organs-on-chips: into the next decade
Lucie A. Low,Christine L. Mummery,Christine L. Mummery,Brian R. Berridge,Christopher P. Austin,Danilo A. Tagle +5 more
TLDR
The advances that have enabled OoCs to demonstrate physiological relevance, and the challenges and opportunities that need to be tackled to tap the full potential of OoC utility for translational research are discussed.Abstract:
Organs-on-chips (OoCs), also known as microphysiological systems or ‘tissue chips’ (the terms are synonymous), have attracted substantial interest in recent years owing to their potential to be informative at multiple stages of the drug discovery and development process. These innovative devices could provide insights into normal human organ function and disease pathophysiology, as well as more accurately predict the safety and efficacy of investigational drugs in humans. Therefore, they are likely to become useful additions to traditional preclinical cell culture methods and in vivo animal studies in the near term, and in some cases replacements for them in the longer term. In the past decade, the OoC field has seen dramatic advances in the sophistication of biology and engineering, in the demonstration of physiological relevance and in the range of applications. These advances have also revealed new challenges and opportunities, and expertise from multiple biomedical and engineering fields will be needed to fully realize the promise of OoCs for fundamental and translational applications. This Review provides a snapshot of this fast-evolving technology, discusses current applications and caveats for their implementation, and offers suggestions for directions in the next decade. Organs-on-chips (OoCs) could be useful at various stages of drug discovery and development, providing insight regarding human organ physiology in both normal and disease contexts, as well as accurately predicting developmental drug safety and efficacy. This Review discusses the advances that have enabled OoCs to demonstrate physiological relevance, and the challenges and opportunities that need to be tackled to tap the full potential of OoC utility for translational research.read more
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Multiorgan-on-a-Chip: A Systemic Approach To Model and Decipher Inter-Organ Communication
TL;DR: Multiorgan-on-a-chip (multi-OoC) platforms have great potential to redefine the way in which human health research is conducted as mentioned in this paper, and they can provide unique information that is not accessible using single OoC models.
Journal ArticleDOI
A guide to the organ-on-a-chip
Chak Ming Leung,Pim de Haan,Kacey Ronaldson-Bouchard,Ge-Ah Kim,Jihoon Ko,Hoon Suk Rho,Zhu Chen,Pamela Habibovic,Noo Li Jeon,Shuichi Takayama,Michael Shur,Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic,Olivier Frey,Elisabeth Verpoorte,Yi-Chin Toh +14 more
TL;DR: This Primer is intended to give an introduction to the aspects of OoC that need to be considered when developing an application- specific OoC, as well as subsequent assaying techniques to extract biological information from OoC devices.
Journal ArticleDOI
A guide to the organ-on-a-chip
TL;DR: Organs-on-chips (OoCs) as mentioned in this paper are systems containing engineered or natural miniature tissues grown inside microfluidic chips, which are designed to control cell microenvironments and maintain tissue-specific functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
A multi-organ chip with matured tissue niches linked by vascular flow
Kacey Ronaldson-Bouchard,Diogo Teles,Keith Yeager,Daniel Naveed Tavakol,Yimu Zhao,Alan Chramiec,Somnath Tagore,M. Summers,Sophia Stylianos,Manuel A. Tamargo,Busub Lee,Susan P. Halligan,Erbil Hasan Abaci,Zongyou Guo,Joanna Jacków,Alberto Pappalardo,Jerry Shih,Rajesh K. Soni,Shivam Sonar,Carrie L. German,Angela M. Christiano,Andrea Califano,Karen K. Hirschi,Christopher S. Chen,Andrzej Przekwas,Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic +25 more
TL;DR: In this article , a tissue-chip system was proposed for the recapitulation of interdependent organ functions using recirculating vascular flow to model whole-body physiology and systemic diseases, where matured human heart, liver, bone and skin tissue niches were linked by recirculated vascular flow.
Journal ArticleDOI
Therapeutic strategies targeting inflammation and immunity in atherosclerosis: how to proceed?
TL;DR: A review of the role of the immune system in atherosclerosis by discussing findings from preclinical research and clinical trials is provided in this article , where the authors identify important challenges that need to be addressed to advance the field and for successful clinical translation.
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