Persistent effects of fragmentation on tropical rainforest canopy structure after 20 yr of isolation.
Danilo Roberti Alves de Almeida,Scott C. Stark,Juliana Schietti,José Luís Camargo,Nino Tavares Amazonas,Eric Bastos Gorgens,Diogo M. Rosa,Marielle N. Smith,Ruben Valbuena,Ruben Valbuena,Scott R. Saleska,Ana Andrade,Rita de Cássia Guimarães Mesquita,Susan G. Laurance,William F. Laurance,Thomas E. Lovejoy,Eben N. Broadbent,Yosio Edemir Shimabukuro,Geoffrey G. Parker,Michael A. Lefsky,Carlos A. Silva,Pedro H. S. Brancalion +21 more
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TLDR
This investigation investigated the influence of edge distance and fragment size on canopy structure, aboveground woody biomass (AGB), and AGB turnover in the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project in central Amazon, Brazil, after 22+ years of fragment isolation by combining canopy variables collected with lidar-derived canopy surface variables.Abstract:
Assessing the persistent impacts of fragmentation on aboveground structure of tropical forests is essential to understanding the consequences of land use change for carbon storage and other ecosystem functions. We investigated the influence of edge distance and fragment size on canopy structure, aboveground woody biomass (AGB), and AGB turnover in the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) in central Amazon, Brazil, after 22+ yr of fragment isolation, by combining canopy variables collected with portable canopy profiling lidar and airborne laser scanning surveys with long-term forest inventories. Forest height decreased by 30% at edges of large fragments (>10 ha) and interiors of small fragments (<3 ha). In larger fragments, canopy height was reduced up to 40 m from edges. Leaf area density profiles differed near edges: the density of understory vegetation was higher and midstory vegetation lower, consistent with canopy reorganization via increased regeneration of pioneers following post-fragmentation mortality of large trees. However, canopy openness and leaf area index remained similar to control plots throughout fragments, while canopy spatial heterogeneity was generally lower at edges. AGB stocks and fluxes were positively related to canopy height and negatively related to spatial heterogeneity. Other forest structure variables typically used to assess the ecological impacts of fragmentation (basal area, density of individuals, and density of pioneer trees) were also related to lidar-derived canopy surface variables. Canopy reorganization through the replacement of edge-sensitive species by disturbance-tolerant ones may have mitigated the biomass loss effects due to fragmentation observed in the earlier years of BDFFP. Lidar technology offered novel insights and observational scales for analysis of the ecological impacts of fragmentation on forest structure and function, specifically aboveground biomass storage.read more
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Persistent collapse of biomass in Amazonian forest edges following deforestation leads to unaccounted carbon losses
Celso Henrique Leite Silva Junior,Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,Liana O. Anderson,Marisa Gesteira Fonseca,Yosio Edemir Shimabukuro,Christelle Vancutsem,Frédéric Achard,René Beuchle,Izaya Numata,Carlos A. Silva,Eduardo Eiji Maeda,Marcos Longo,Sassan Saatchi,Sassan Saatchi +14 more
TL;DR: Carbon losses caused by edge effect is an additional unquantified flux that can counteract carbon emissions avoided by reducing deforestation, compromising the Paris Agreement’s bold targets.
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Standardizing Ecosystem Morphological Traits from 3D Information Sources
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TL;DR: This work proposes a standardized framework of ecosystem morphological traits - height, cover, and structural complexity - that could enable monitoring of globally consistent EBVs at regional scales, by flexibly integrating different information sources.
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What will the future bring for biological invasions on islands? an expert-based assessment
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Effects of urbanization on water quality in a watershed in northeastern Brazil
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TL;DR: The results show that urbanization represents the type of land use with the greatest negative effect on water quality since it alters the concentrations of inorganic nutrients dissolved in the Cachoeira River Basin.
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Landscape-scale terrestrial factors are also vital in shaping Odonata assemblages of watercourses
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