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Polymers for 3D Printing and Customized Additive Manufacturing

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TLDR
Polymers are by far the most utilized class of materials for AM and their design, additives, and processing parameters as they relate to enhancing build speed and improving accuracy, functionality, surface finish, stability, mechanical properties, and porosity are addressed.
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) alias 3D printing translates computer-aided design (CAD) virtual 3D models into physical objects. By digital slicing of CAD, 3D scan, or tomography data, AM builds objects layer by layer without the need for molds or machining. AM enables decentralized fabrication of customized objects on demand by exploiting digital information storage and retrieval via the Internet. The ongoing transition from rapid prototyping to rapid manufacturing prompts new challenges for mechanical engineers and materials scientists alike. Because polymers are by far the most utilized class of materials for AM, this Review focuses on polymer processing and the development of polymers and advanced polymer systems specifically for AM. AM techniques covered include vat photopolymerization (stereolithography), powder bed fusion (SLS), material and binder jetting (inkjet and aerosol 3D printing), sheet lamination (LOM), extrusion (FDM, 3D dispensing, 3D fiber deposition, and 3D plotting), and 3D bioprinting....

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General route to design polymer molecular weight distributions through flow chemistry

TL;DR: A precise design to synthesis protocol for producing a targeted MWD design with a simple to use, and chemistry agnostic computer-controlled tubular flow reactor is reported.
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Emerging Technologies in Multi-Material Bioprinting.

TL;DR: Multi-material bioprinting as an emerging approach enables the fabrication of heterogeneous multi-cellular constructs that replicate their host microenvironments better than single-material approaches as mentioned in this paper.
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Metal 3D printing technology for functional integration of catalytic system.

TL;DR: The present work provides a simple and low-cost manufacturing method to realize functional integration of catalyst and reactor, and will facilitate the developments of chemical synthesis and 3D printing technology.
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Functional 3D printing: Approaches and bioapplications

TL;DR: By combining 3D printing technology with an accurate materials' design, functional 3D objects with built-in (bio)chemical functionalities, having biorecognition, biocatalytic and drug delivery capabilities are reported.
Journal ArticleDOI

4D printing of shape memory aliphatic copolyester via UV-assisted FDM strategy for medical protective devices

TL;DR: In this paper, a UV-assisted FDM 4D printing strategy was used to fabricate elbow protector models based on shape memory copolyester networks, and three models with distinctly Chinese characteristics were printed to demonstrate excellent shape memory effect.
References
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3D bioprinting of tissues and organs

TL;DR: 3D bioprinting is being applied to regenerative medicine to address the need for tissues and organs suitable for transplantation and developing high-throughput 3D-bioprinted tissue models for research, drug discovery and toxicology.
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Hydrogels for tissue engineering: scaffold design variables and applications.

TL;DR: Hydrogels are an appealing scaffold material because they are structurally similar to the extracellular matrix of many tissues, can often be processed under relatively mild conditions, and may be delivered in a minimally invasive manner.
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Nonlinear magic: multiphoton microscopy in the biosciences

TL;DR: Multiphoton microscopy has found a niche in the world of biological imaging as the best noninvasive means of fluorescence microscopy in tissue explants and living animals and its use is now increasing exponentially.
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Thiol–Ene Click Chemistry

TL;DR: The radical-mediated thiol-ene reaction has all the desirable features of a click reaction, being highly efficient, simple to execute with no side products and proceeding rapidly to high yield.
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Applications of hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites

TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a vectorial chemistry approach for the generation of new generations of hybrid materials, which will open a land of promising applications in many areas: optics, electronics, ionics, mechanics, energy, environment, biology, medicine for example as membranes and separation devices, functional smart coatings, fuel and solar cells, catalysts, sensors, etc.
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