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Polymers for 3D Printing and Customized Additive Manufacturing

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TLDR
Polymers are by far the most utilized class of materials for AM and their design, additives, and processing parameters as they relate to enhancing build speed and improving accuracy, functionality, surface finish, stability, mechanical properties, and porosity are addressed.
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) alias 3D printing translates computer-aided design (CAD) virtual 3D models into physical objects. By digital slicing of CAD, 3D scan, or tomography data, AM builds objects layer by layer without the need for molds or machining. AM enables decentralized fabrication of customized objects on demand by exploiting digital information storage and retrieval via the Internet. The ongoing transition from rapid prototyping to rapid manufacturing prompts new challenges for mechanical engineers and materials scientists alike. Because polymers are by far the most utilized class of materials for AM, this Review focuses on polymer processing and the development of polymers and advanced polymer systems specifically for AM. AM techniques covered include vat photopolymerization (stereolithography), powder bed fusion (SLS), material and binder jetting (inkjet and aerosol 3D printing), sheet lamination (LOM), extrusion (FDM, 3D dispensing, 3D fiber deposition, and 3D plotting), and 3D bioprinting....

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Additive manufacturing (3D printing): A review of materials, methods, applications and challenges

TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the main 3D printing methods, materials and their development in trending applications was carried out in this paper, where the revolutionary applications of AM in biomedical, aerospace, buildings and protective structures were discussed.

Organ Printing: Tissue Spheroids as Building Blocks

TL;DR: Organ printing can be defined as layer-by-layer additive robotic biofabrication of three-dimensional functional living macrotissues and organ constructs using tissue spheroids as building blocks.
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Photopolymerization in 3D Printing

TL;DR: The field of 3D printing is continuing its rapid development in both academic and industrial research environments as mentioned in this paper, which offers flexibility over the final properties of the 3D printed materials (such as optical, chemical and mechanical properties) using versatile polymer chemistry.
Journal ArticleDOI

Biofabrication strategies for 3D in vitro models and regenerative medicine

TL;DR: This Review examines biofabrication strategies for the construction of functional tissue replacements and organ models, focusing on the development of biomaterials, such as supramolecular and photosensitive materials, that can be processed using bioFabrication techniques.
Journal ArticleDOI

3D printing of hydrogels: Rational design strategies and emerging biomedical applications

TL;DR: A review of hydrogel-based biomaterial inks and bioinks for 3D printing can be found in this paper, where the authors provide a comprehensive overview and discussion of the tailorability of material, mechanical, physical, chemical and biological properties.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Enhanced performance for organic light-emitting diodes by embedding an aerosol jet printed conductive grid

TL;DR: In this article, a simple and low-cost method for improving organic light-emitting diode (OLED) performance by printing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) : poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT : PSS) grids on the anode is demonstrated.
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The effect of infiltrant choice on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Rapidsteel2.0

TL;DR: In this article, a comparative evaluation of the microstructure and mechanical properties of Selective Laser Sintered (SLS) Rapidsteel 2.0 was performed using three different copper alloys.
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Hierarchically macroporous/mesoporous POC composite scaffolds with IBU-loaded hollow SiO2 microspheres for repairing infected bone defects.

TL;DR: The result indicated that the IBU-loaded SiO2/β-TCP/POC scaffold, with a hierarchically macro/mesoporous, highly interconnected pore structure and an effective antimicrobial property, demonstrates promise for bone regeneration in the clinical case of infected bone defects.
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Printable poly(methylsilsesquioxane) dielectric ink and its application in solution processed metal oxide thin-film transistors

TL;DR: In this article, a thermally cross-linkable poly(methylsilsesquioxane) (PMSQ) was used as a printable dielectric ink to make the gate insulator for solution processed metal oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistors by aerosol jet printing.
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Three-Dimensional Ink Jet Prints—Impact of Infiltrants

TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of the type of infiltrant used on the selected mechanical properties and surface appearance of 3D ink-jet prints was studied, where the authors used a 3D print as a negative matrix for conventional photopolymer flexographic printing plate production.
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