Journal ArticleDOI
Predominant TH2-like bronchoalveolar T-lymphocyte population in atopic asthma
Douglas S. Robinson,Qutayba Hamid,Sun Ying,Anne Tsicopoulos,J. Barkans,Andrew Bentley,Christopher Corrigan,Stephen R. Durham,A. B. Kay +8 more
TLDR
Atopic asthma is associated with activation in the bronchi of the interleukin-3, 4, and 5 and GM-CSF gene cluster, a pattern compatible with predominant activation of the TH2-like T-cell population.Abstract:
Background. In atopic asthma, activated T helper lymphocytes are present in bronchial-biopsy specimens and bronchoalveolar-lavage (BAL) fluid, and their production of cytokines may be important in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Different patterns of cytokine release are characteristic of certain subgroups of T helper cells, termed TH1 and TH2, the former mediating delayed-type hypersensitivity and the latter mediating IgE synthesis and eosinophilia. The pattern of cytokine production in atopic asthma is unknown. Methods. We assessed cells obtained by BAL in subjects with mild atopic asthma and in normal control subjects for the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) for interleukin-2, 3, 4, and 5, granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interferon gamma by in situ hybridization with 32P-labeled complementary RNA. Localization of mRNA to BAL T cells was assessed by simultaneous in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence and by in situ hybridization after immunomagnetic enrichment or...read more
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Role of structural cells of the cornea and conjunctiva in the pathogenesis of vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
TL;DR: Clinical findings as well as various pathophysiological characteristics of VKC are distinct from those of other types of ocular allergy and allergic diseases of other organs, and Restoration of an intact corneal epithelium and inhibition of the activities of Corneal and conjunctival fibroblasts may provide a basis for the development of new treatments for severe ocular allergic diseases such as VKC.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of interferon-alpha on cytokine profile, T cell receptor repertoire and peptide reactivity of human allergen-specific T cells.
Paola Parronchi,S. S. Mohapatra,S. Sampognaro,L Giannarini,Ulrich Wahn,Pele Chong,Shyam S. Mohapatra,Enrico Maggi,Harald Renz,Sergio Romagnani +9 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that IFN‐α modulates the development of allergen‐specific T cells in vitro, and may represent an useful tool for novel immunotherapeutic approaches in allergic disorders.
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Immunopathology of the noninfectious posterior and intermediate uveitides.
TL;DR: This review examines the epidemiology, histology, immunopathology, and theories of pathogenesis of several posterior and Intermediate uveitides, including sympathetic ophthalmia, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, Behçet's disease, sarcoidosis, intermediate uveitis, white dot syndromes, and birdshot retinochoroidopathy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Eosinophil Inflammation in Asthma
TL;DR: Eosinophils appear to play a major deleterious role in asthma by the release of highly toxic products and it is suggested that eosInophil derived neurotoxin [EDN], or EPX, oxygen free radicals, play a role in the shedding of the epithelium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of T cell subpopulations involved in the pathogenesis of asthma and allergic diseases.
Hans Yssel,Hervé Groux +1 more
TL;DR: A potential role of the subpopulation(s) of T regulatory cells in the induction and/or maintaince of the disease process will be discussed and the involvement of T lymphocyte subpopulations in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma and allergic diseases will be focused on.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties.
Tim R. Mosmann,R L Coffman +1 more
TL;DR: Two types of cloned helper T cells are described, defined primarily by differences in the pattern of lymphokines ynthesized, and the different functions of the two types of cells and their lymphokine synthesis are discussed.
Journal Article
Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins.
TL;DR: A panel of antigen-specific mouse helper T cell clones was characterized according to patterns of lymphokine activity production, and two types of T cell were distinguished.
Journal Article
IL-4 directs the development of Th2-like helper effectors.
TL;DR: The concept that different subsets of helper cells, which correspond roughly to Th1 and Th2 subsets, can develop rapidly in short term culture with respectively low vs high levels of IL-4 support the concept that such distinct phenotypes arise from alternate pathways of differentiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Homology of cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (IL-10) to the Epstein-Barr virus gene BCRFI.
Kevin W. Moore,Paulo Vieira,David Fiorentino,Mary L. Trounstine,Tariq A. Khan,Tim R. Mosmann +5 more
TL;DR: The predicted protein sequence shows extensive homology with an uncharacterized open reading frame, BCRFI, in the Epstein-Barr virus genome, suggesting the possibility that this herpes virus exploits the biological activity of a captured cytokine gene to enhance its survival in the host.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mast cell lines produce lymphokines in response to cross-linkage of Fc epsilon RI or to calcium ionophores.
Marshall Plaut,Jacalyn H. Pierce,Cynthia J. Watson,J. Hanley-Hyde,Richard P. Nordan,William E. Paul +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that cross-linkage of FcεRI on a series of non-transformed murine mast cell lines, or treatment of these cells with calcium ionophores, stimulates increased messenger RNA levels and secretion of a group of lymphokines classically produced by a subset of murine T cell lines (TH2cells).