Journal ArticleDOI
Predominant TH2-like bronchoalveolar T-lymphocyte population in atopic asthma
Douglas S. Robinson,Qutayba Hamid,Sun Ying,Anne Tsicopoulos,J. Barkans,Andrew Bentley,Christopher Corrigan,Stephen R. Durham,A. B. Kay +8 more
TLDR
Atopic asthma is associated with activation in the bronchi of the interleukin-3, 4, and 5 and GM-CSF gene cluster, a pattern compatible with predominant activation of the TH2-like T-cell population.Abstract:
Background. In atopic asthma, activated T helper lymphocytes are present in bronchial-biopsy specimens and bronchoalveolar-lavage (BAL) fluid, and their production of cytokines may be important in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Different patterns of cytokine release are characteristic of certain subgroups of T helper cells, termed TH1 and TH2, the former mediating delayed-type hypersensitivity and the latter mediating IgE synthesis and eosinophilia. The pattern of cytokine production in atopic asthma is unknown. Methods. We assessed cells obtained by BAL in subjects with mild atopic asthma and in normal control subjects for the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) for interleukin-2, 3, 4, and 5, granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interferon gamma by in situ hybridization with 32P-labeled complementary RNA. Localization of mRNA to BAL T cells was assessed by simultaneous in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence and by in situ hybridization after immunomagnetic enrichment or...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Prednisolone Treatment in Asthma Is Associated with Modulation of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cell Interleukin-4, Interleukin-5, and Interferon-γ Cytokine Gene Expression
Douglas S. Robinson,Qutayba Hamid,Sun Ying,Andrew Bentley,B. Assoufi,Stephen R. Durham,A. B. Kay +6 more
TL;DR: Bronchoalveolar lavage results are compatible with the hypothesis that the beneficial effects of corticosteroids in asthma may result from modulation of cytokine production, with consequent inhibition of local bronchial eosinophilia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biologic Rhythms in the Immune System
Erhard Haus,Michael H. Smolensky +1 more
TL;DR: The response of the immune system to introduction of an antigen and to challenge of the sensitized organism varies in extent in the circadian frequency range and also in lower frequencies, for example, of about a week (circaseptan) or seasonally (circannual).
Journal ArticleDOI
Expression of IL-12 and IL-13 mRNA in asthma and their modulation in response to steroid therapy.
Tanveer Naseer,Eleanor M. Minshall,Donald Y.M. Leung,Sophie Laberge,Pierre Ernst,Richard J. Martin,Qutayba Hamid +6 more
TL;DR: An in vivo role for IL-12 and IL-13 in modulating allergic responses is suggested and the notion that the clinical effects of glucocorticoids are at least partially mediated through the modulation of cytokine production is supported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Allergen-induced IL-9 directly stimulates mucin transcription in respiratory epithelial cells
M. Longphre,Daizong Li,Marianne Gallup,E. Drori,Claudia L. Ordoñez,T. Redman,Sally E. Wenzel,D. E. Bice,John V. Fahy,Carol Basbaum +9 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that IL-9 may account for as much as 50-60% of the mucin-stimulating activity of lung fluids in allergic airway disease and suggest that Th2 cell mediators are present in asthmatic airway fluid and directly stimulate mucin synthesis in airway epithelial cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Th2 cells and GATA-3 in asthma: new insights into the regulation of airway inflammation
Anuradha Ray,Lauren Cohn +1 more
TL;DR: It is now believed that airway inflammation leads to AHR, airway remodeling, and mucus hyperplasia, and it is clear that persistent inflammation is central to the pathogenesis of asthma.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties.
Tim R. Mosmann,R L Coffman +1 more
TL;DR: Two types of cloned helper T cells are described, defined primarily by differences in the pattern of lymphokines ynthesized, and the different functions of the two types of cells and their lymphokine synthesis are discussed.
Journal Article
Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins.
TL;DR: A panel of antigen-specific mouse helper T cell clones was characterized according to patterns of lymphokine activity production, and two types of T cell were distinguished.
Journal Article
IL-4 directs the development of Th2-like helper effectors.
TL;DR: The concept that different subsets of helper cells, which correspond roughly to Th1 and Th2 subsets, can develop rapidly in short term culture with respectively low vs high levels of IL-4 support the concept that such distinct phenotypes arise from alternate pathways of differentiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Homology of cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (IL-10) to the Epstein-Barr virus gene BCRFI.
Kevin W. Moore,Paulo Vieira,David Fiorentino,Mary L. Trounstine,Tariq A. Khan,Tim R. Mosmann +5 more
TL;DR: The predicted protein sequence shows extensive homology with an uncharacterized open reading frame, BCRFI, in the Epstein-Barr virus genome, suggesting the possibility that this herpes virus exploits the biological activity of a captured cytokine gene to enhance its survival in the host.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mast cell lines produce lymphokines in response to cross-linkage of Fc epsilon RI or to calcium ionophores.
Marshall Plaut,Jacalyn H. Pierce,Cynthia J. Watson,J. Hanley-Hyde,Richard P. Nordan,William E. Paul +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that cross-linkage of FcεRI on a series of non-transformed murine mast cell lines, or treatment of these cells with calcium ionophores, stimulates increased messenger RNA levels and secretion of a group of lymphokines classically produced by a subset of murine T cell lines (TH2cells).