Journal ArticleDOI
Predominant TH2-like bronchoalveolar T-lymphocyte population in atopic asthma
Douglas S. Robinson,Qutayba Hamid,Sun Ying,Anne Tsicopoulos,J. Barkans,Andrew Bentley,Christopher Corrigan,Stephen R. Durham,A. B. Kay +8 more
TLDR
Atopic asthma is associated with activation in the bronchi of the interleukin-3, 4, and 5 and GM-CSF gene cluster, a pattern compatible with predominant activation of the TH2-like T-cell population.Abstract:
Background. In atopic asthma, activated T helper lymphocytes are present in bronchial-biopsy specimens and bronchoalveolar-lavage (BAL) fluid, and their production of cytokines may be important in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Different patterns of cytokine release are characteristic of certain subgroups of T helper cells, termed TH1 and TH2, the former mediating delayed-type hypersensitivity and the latter mediating IgE synthesis and eosinophilia. The pattern of cytokine production in atopic asthma is unknown. Methods. We assessed cells obtained by BAL in subjects with mild atopic asthma and in normal control subjects for the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) for interleukin-2, 3, 4, and 5, granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interferon gamma by in situ hybridization with 32P-labeled complementary RNA. Localization of mRNA to BAL T cells was assessed by simultaneous in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence and by in situ hybridization after immunomagnetic enrichment or...read more
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Ligation of Fc gamma RII (CD32) pivotally regulates survival of human eosinophils.
TL;DR: FcgammaRII may pivotally regulate both survival and death of eosinophils, depending on the manner of receptor ligation and beta2 integrin involvement, and could provide a novel mechanism to control the number of eOS inophils at inflammation sites in human diseases.
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Antioxidant down-regulates interleukin-18 expression in asthma.
Kyung Sun Lee,So Ri Kim,Seoung Ju Park,Kyung Hoon Min,Ka Young Lee,Sun Mi Jin,Wan Hee Yoo,Yong Chul Lee +7 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that antioxidants may reduce IL-18 expression in asthma by inhibiting the activity of NF-κB and suggest that ROS regulate the IL-8 expression, and show that antioxidants down-regulated a transcription factor, nuclear factor-κBs, activity.
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Current concepts on the genetics of asthma.
Hakon Hakonarson,Matthias Wjst +1 more
TL;DR: The evidence that supports linkage and associations to the various genetic loci and candidate genes that have been found to associate with the expression of the asthmatic phenotype is compiled.
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural killer T cells: drivers or passengers in preventing human disease?
Stuart P. Berzins,David Ritchie +1 more
TL;DR: The view that N KT cells have regulatory characteristics that could be exploited in clinical settings is supported, but there are doubts about the natural roles of NKT cells in vivo and whether NKT cell defects are fundamental drivers of disease in humans.
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Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and interferon-gamma in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from children with airway diseases.
TL;DR: It is suggested that ICAM-1 and IFN-gamma play a role in the activity of the inflammatory process in asthma in childhood and possibly in some infant wheezers, in whom IFN -gamma may be one of the factors increasing the expression of ICAM -1.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties.
Tim R. Mosmann,R L Coffman +1 more
TL;DR: Two types of cloned helper T cells are described, defined primarily by differences in the pattern of lymphokines ynthesized, and the different functions of the two types of cells and their lymphokine synthesis are discussed.
Journal Article
Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins.
TL;DR: A panel of antigen-specific mouse helper T cell clones was characterized according to patterns of lymphokine activity production, and two types of T cell were distinguished.
Journal Article
IL-4 directs the development of Th2-like helper effectors.
TL;DR: The concept that different subsets of helper cells, which correspond roughly to Th1 and Th2 subsets, can develop rapidly in short term culture with respectively low vs high levels of IL-4 support the concept that such distinct phenotypes arise from alternate pathways of differentiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Homology of cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (IL-10) to the Epstein-Barr virus gene BCRFI.
Kevin W. Moore,Paulo Vieira,David Fiorentino,Mary L. Trounstine,Tariq A. Khan,Tim R. Mosmann +5 more
TL;DR: The predicted protein sequence shows extensive homology with an uncharacterized open reading frame, BCRFI, in the Epstein-Barr virus genome, suggesting the possibility that this herpes virus exploits the biological activity of a captured cytokine gene to enhance its survival in the host.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mast cell lines produce lymphokines in response to cross-linkage of Fc epsilon RI or to calcium ionophores.
Marshall Plaut,Jacalyn H. Pierce,Cynthia J. Watson,J. Hanley-Hyde,Richard P. Nordan,William E. Paul +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that cross-linkage of FcεRI on a series of non-transformed murine mast cell lines, or treatment of these cells with calcium ionophores, stimulates increased messenger RNA levels and secretion of a group of lymphokines classically produced by a subset of murine T cell lines (TH2cells).