PTEN loss in the continuum of common cancers, rare syndromes and mouse models
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TLDR
StudyingPTEN in the continuum of rare syndromes, common cancers and mouse models provides insight into the role of PTEN in tumorigenesis and will inform targeted drug development.Abstract:
PTEN is among the most frequently inactivated tumour suppressor genes in sporadic cancer. PTEN has dual protein and lipid phosphatase activity, and its tumour suppressor activity is dependent on its lipid phosphatase activity, which negatively regulates the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. Germline mutations in PTEN have been described in a variety of rare syndromes that are collectively known as the PTEN hamartoma tumour syndromes (PHTS). Cowden syndrome is the best-described syndrome within PHTS, with approximately 80% of patients having germline PTEN mutations. Patients with Cowden syndrome have an increased incidence of cancers of the breast, thyroid and endometrium, which correspond to sporadic tumour types that commonly exhibit somatic PTEN inactivation. Pten deletion in mice leads to Cowden syndrome-like phenotypes, and tissue-specific Pten deletion has provided clues to the role of PTEN mutation and loss in specific tumour types. Studying PTEN in the continuum of rare syndromes, common cancers and mouse models provides insight into the role of PTEN in tumorigenesis and will inform targeted drug development.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.
Bryan R. Haugen,Erik K. Alexander,Keith C. Bible,Gerard M. Doherty,Susan J. Mandel,Yuri E. Nikiforov,Furio Pacini,Gregory W. Randolph,Anna M. Sawka,Martin Schlumberger,Kathryn G. Schuff,Steven I. Sherman,Julie Ann Sosa,David L. Steward,R. Michael Tuttle,Leonard Wartofsky +15 more
TL;DR: Evidence-based recommendations are developed to inform clinical decision-making in the management of thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer and represent, in the authors' opinion, contemporary optimal care for patients with these disorders.
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The functions and regulation of the PTEN tumour suppressor
TL;DR: The repertoire of PTEN functions has recently been expanded to include phosphatase-independent activities and crucial functions within the nucleus, which will undoubtedly inform the rational design of novel therapies.
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Novel mechanisms of glucocorticoid resistance in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
TL;DR: It is reported that PTEN activation contributes to trastuzumab's antitumor activity and PTEN deficiency is a powerful predictor for trastzumab resistance, suggesting that PI3K-targeting therapies could overcome this resistance.
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Phosphoinositides: Tiny Lipids With Giant Impact on Cell Regulation
TL;DR: This review is an attempt to give an overview of this enormous research field focusing on major developments in diverse areas of basic science linked to cellular physiology and disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microenvironment-induced PTEN loss by exosomal microRNA primes brain metastasis outgrowth
Lin Zhang,Siyuan Zhang,Siyuan Zhang,Jun Yao,Frank J. Lowery,Qingling Zhang,Wen Chien Huang,Ping Li,Min Li,Xiao Wang,Chenyu Zhang,Hai Wang,Kenneth Ellis,Mujeeburahiman Cheerathodi,Joseph H. McCarty,Diane Palmieri,Jodi M. Saunus,Sunil R. Lakhani,Suyun Huang,Aysegul A. Sahin,Kenneth Aldape,Patricia S. Steeg,Dihua Yu +22 more
TL;DR: A remarkable plasticity of PTEN expression in metastatic tumour cells in response to different organ microenvironments is demonstrated, underpinning an essential role of co-evolution between the metastatic cells and their microenvironment during the adaptive metastatic outgrowth.
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