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Pyocyanin effects on respiratory epithelium: relevance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infections

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TLDR
This review summarizes recent advances in PYO biology with special attention to current views on its role in human airway infections and on its interactions with the first line of the authors' airway defense, the respiratory epithelium.
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This article is published in Trends in Microbiology.The article was published on 2013-02-01 and is currently open access. It has received 241 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Pyocyanin.

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AhR sensing of bacterial pigments regulates antibacterial defence

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that AhR senses distinct bacterial virulence factors and controls antibacterial responses, supporting a previously unidentified role for AhR as an intracellular pattern recognition receptor, and identifying bacterial pigments as a new class of pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
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Cellular Effects of Pyocyanin, a Secreted Virulence Factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

TL;DR: It has been postulated that, given its chemical properties, PCN is able to readily cross biological membranes, however studies have yet to be undertaken to evaluate this effect, and this review highlights the possible manifestations of PCN exposure.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Infections: Community Structure, Antimicrobial Tolerance and Immune Response.

TL;DR: New advanced in vitro models developed with knowledge about the chemical landscape at infectious sites are needed to address the need for novel anti-biofilm treatment strategies.
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Pyocyanin: production, applications, challenges and new insights

TL;DR: This review summarises recent advances of pyocyanin production from P. aeruginosa with special attention to antagonistic property and bio-control activity.
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Recent developments in the isolation, biological function, biosynthesis, and synthesis of phenazine natural products

TL;DR: This review summarizes the progress in the field since 2005 regarding the isolation of new phenazine natural products, new insights in their biological function, and particularly the now almost completely understood biosynthesis.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Establishment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: lessons from a versatile opportunist.

TL;DR: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an ubiquitous pathogen capable of infecting virtually all tissues as discussed by the authors, and a large variety of virulence factors contribute to its importance in burn wounds, lung infection and eye infection.
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Respiratory Tract Mucin Genes and Mucin Glycoproteins in Health and Disease

TL;DR: Understanding the pathways and processes that lead to mucus overproduction in specific airway diseases will allow circumvention or amelioration of these processes, and deficiencies in understanding the functional roles of mucins at the molecular level are identified as areas for further investigations that will impact on airway health and disease.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa: all roads lead to resistance.

TL;DR: Very large collections of genes (the resistome) that when mutated lead to resistance as well as new forms of adaptive resistance that can be triggered by antibiotics themselves, in in vivo growth conditions or complex adaptations such as biofilm growth or swarming motility are identified.
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Molecular mechanisms of bacterial virulence elucidated using a Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Caenorhabditis elegans pathogenesis model.

TL;DR: It is shown that phenazines and other P. aeruginosa factors required for C. elegans killing are also required for pathogenesis in plants and mice, illustrating that this model tackles the dual challenges of identifying bacterial virulence factors as well as host responses to them.
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