The neutrophil in vascular inflammation.
Mia Phillipson,Paul Kubes +1 more
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TLDR
How neutrophils have a key regulatory role in vascular inflammation and how these processes may be disrupted in systemic infections is described, with a particular emphasis on mouse models of sepsis.Abstract:
Here we focus on how neutrophils have a key regulatory role in vascular inflammation. Recent studies using advanced imaging techniques have yielded new insights into the mechanisms by which neutrophils contribute to defense against bacterial infections and also against sterile injury. In these settings, neutrophils are recruited by various mechanisms depending on the situation. We also describe how these processes may be disrupted in systemic infections, with a particular emphasis on mouse models of sepsis. Neutrophils are often immobilized in the lungs and liver during systemic infections, and this immobilization may be a mechanism through which bacteria can evade the innate immune response or allow neutrophils to form neutrophil extracellular traps that trap and kill bacteria in blood. The platelet is also an important player in sepsis, and we describe how it collaborates with neutrophils in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.read more
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Neutrophil recruitment and function in health and inflammation
Elzbieta Kolaczkowska,Paul Kubes +1 more
TL;DR: The key features of the life of a neutrophil are discussed, from its release from bone marrow to its death, and the mechanisms that are used by neutrophils to promote protective or pathological immune responses at different sites are explained.
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Standardization of sample collection, isolation and analysis methods in extracellular vesicle research
Kenneth W. Witwer,Edit I. Buzás,Lynne T. Bemis,Adriana Bora,Cecilia Lässer,Jan Lötvall,Esther Nolte-‘t Hoen,Melissa G. Piper,Sarada Sivaraman,Johan Skog,Clotilde Théry,Marca H. M. Wauben,Fred H. Hochberg +12 more
TL;DR: The need for standardization of specimen handling, appropriate normative controls, and isolation and analysis techniques to facilitate comparison of results is emphasized, and it is recognized that continual development and evaluation of techniques will be necessary as new knowledge is amassed.
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Neutrophil extracellular traps sequester circulating tumor cells and promote metastasis
Jonathan Cools-Lartigue,Jonathan Spicer,Braedon McDonald,Stephen Gowing,Simon C. Chow,Betty Giannias,Paul Kubes,Lorenzo E. Ferri +7 more
TL;DR: It is reported that circulating tumor cells become trapped within NETs in vitro under static and dynamic conditions and NETs are identified as potential therapeutic targets in the context of systemic infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
The pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx regulates neutrophil adhesion and lung injury during experimental sepsis
Eric P. Schmidt,Yimu Yang,William J. Janssen,Aneta Gandjeva,Mario J. Perez,Lea Barthel,Rachel L. Zemans,Joel Bowman,Dan Koyanagi,Zulma X. Yunt,Lynelle P. Smith,Sara S Cheng,Katherine H. Overdier,Kathy R. Thompson,Mark W. Geraci,Ivor S. Douglas,David B. Pearse,Rubin M. Tuder +17 more
TL;DR: Using intravital microscopy, it is found that endotoxemia in mice rapidly induced pulmonary microvascular glycocalyx degradation via tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-dependent mechanisms, which attenuated sepsis-induced ALI and mortality in mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neutrophils scan for activated platelets to initiate inflammation
Vinatha Sreeramkumar,José M. Adrover,Iván Ballesteros,María Isabel Cuartero,Jan Rossaint,Izaskun Bilbao,Maria Nacher,Maria Nacher,Christophe Pitaval,Irena Radovanovic,Yoshinori Fukui,Rodger P. McEver,Marie Dominique Filippi,Ignacio Lizasoain,Jesús Ruiz-Cabello,Alexander Zarbock,María A. Moro,Andrés Hidalgo,Andrés Hidalgo +18 more
TL;DR: Results reveal that recruited neutrophils scan for activated platelets, and they suggest that the neutrophil’ bipolarity allows the integration of signals present at both the endothelium and the circulation before inflammation proceeds, which alleviated collateral inflammatory damage to tissues in several injury models in mice.
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TL;DR: The triggers and receptor pathways that result in sterile inflammation and its impact on human health are reviewed.
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