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Book ChapterDOI

The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits

Milton Friedman
- pp 173-178
TLDR
When I hear businessmen speak eloquently about the social responsibilities of business in a free-enterprise system, I am reminded of the wonderful line about the Frenchman who discovered at the age of 70 that he had been speaking prose all his life as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract
When I hear businessmen speak eloquently about the “social responsibilities of business in a free-enterprise system”, I am reminded of the wonderful line about the Frenchman who discovered at the age of 70 that he had been speaking prose all his life. The businessmen believe that they are defending free enterprise when they declaim that business is not concerned “merely” with profit but also with promoting desirable “social” ends; that business has a “social conscience” and takes seriously its responsibilities for providing employment, eliminating discrimination, avoiding pollution and whatever else may be the catchwords of the contemporary crop of reformers. In fact they are — or would be if they or anyone else took them seriously -preaching pure and unadulterated socialism. Businessmen who talk this way are unwitting puppets of the intellectual forces that have been undermining the basis of a free society these past decades.

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Journal ArticleDOI

The Impact of Corporate Sustainability on Organizational Processes and Performance

TL;DR: It is found that corporations that voluntarily adopted sustainability policies by 1993 are more likely to have established processes for stakeholder engagement, to be more long-term oriented, and to exhibit higher measurement and disclosure of nonfinancial information.
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Uncovering the Intellectual Structure of Research in Business Ethics: A Journey Through the History, the Classics, and the Pillars of Journal of Business Ethics

TL;DR: In this paper, a bibliometric analysis of articles published in the Journal of Business Ethics (JBE) is performed to identify the most influential works on business ethics research and detect the formation and evolution of schools of thought in business ethics.
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Corporate Social Responsibility, Tax Avoidance, and Earnings Performance

TL;DR: This paper investigated the influence of pretax earnings performance on the relation between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and tax avoidance and found that a lack of social responsibility is positively associated with tax avoidance in firms with low current or future earnings performance.
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Corporate life cycle, organizational financial resources and corporate social responsibility

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the association between the corporate life cycle and corporate social responsibility (CSR) and found that the resource base and competitive advantages allow mature firms to invest more in CSR-related activities than firms at other stages of the life cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI

Undivided Corporate Responsibility: Towards a Theory of Corporate Integrity

TL;DR: In the years since Enron corporate social responsibility has become a ubiquitous phenomenon in both research and business practice as mentioned in this paper, the focus on CSR is indeed problematic for three main reasons: (1) the term carries a lot of historical baggage - baggage that is not necessarily conducive to the clarity of the concept; (2) it is the object of increasing ethical instrumentalism; and (3) given the multiple ethical challenges that corporations face, and given the fact that the “social” responsibilities of business are but one set of corporate responsibilities, a suitable term would have to
References
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