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Book ChapterDOI

The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits

Milton Friedman
- pp 173-178
TLDR
When I hear businessmen speak eloquently about the social responsibilities of business in a free-enterprise system, I am reminded of the wonderful line about the Frenchman who discovered at the age of 70 that he had been speaking prose all his life as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract
When I hear businessmen speak eloquently about the “social responsibilities of business in a free-enterprise system”, I am reminded of the wonderful line about the Frenchman who discovered at the age of 70 that he had been speaking prose all his life. The businessmen believe that they are defending free enterprise when they declaim that business is not concerned “merely” with profit but also with promoting desirable “social” ends; that business has a “social conscience” and takes seriously its responsibilities for providing employment, eliminating discrimination, avoiding pollution and whatever else may be the catchwords of the contemporary crop of reformers. In fact they are — or would be if they or anyone else took them seriously -preaching pure and unadulterated socialism. Businessmen who talk this way are unwitting puppets of the intellectual forces that have been undermining the basis of a free society these past decades.

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Religion and Attitudes to Corporate Social Responsibility in a Large Cross-Country Sample

TL;DR: This paper explored the relationship between religious denomination and individual attitudes to corporate social responsibility within the context of a large sample of over 17,000 individuals drawn from 20 countries and found that religious individuals tend to hold broader conceptions of the social responsibilities of businesses than non-religious individuals.
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An Examination of Socially Responsible Firms' Board Structure

TL;DR: In this article, the structure of the board of directors at socially responsible (SR) firms was investigated and the authors found that socially responsible firms have characteristics associated with effective board structures, such as more outsiders and women directors, and less instance of CEO/Chairman duality than non-SR firms.
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TL;DR: In this paper, an updated study of the relationship between a firm's corporate financial performance and its corporate social performance (CSP) was conducted, and the authors found that CSP is a determinant of CFP.
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Working identities? Antagonistic discursive resources and managerial identity:

TL;DR: In this paper, the principal antagonistic discourses on which managers in a large UK-based engineering company drew in their efforts to construct versions of their selves are analysed, based on an understanding that subjectively construed discursive identities are available to individuals as in-progress narratives that are contingent and fragile.
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Reframing the Debate Between Agency and Stakeholder Theories of the Firm

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show how agency theory can be subsumed within a general stakeholder model of the firm and argue that stakeholder theory is the logical conclusion of agency theory.
References
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Best Practice for Customer Satisfaction in Manufacturing Firms

TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the results of their investigation into the best practices of four manufacturing firms with reputations for delivering high levels of customer satisfaction, and suggest ways companies can improve their customer satisfaction measures and practices.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of the business-to-business marketing environment, including how buyers buy, how to identify the customer, and how to make and move the goods.
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