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Book ChapterDOI

The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits

Milton Friedman
- pp 173-178
TLDR
When I hear businessmen speak eloquently about the social responsibilities of business in a free-enterprise system, I am reminded of the wonderful line about the Frenchman who discovered at the age of 70 that he had been speaking prose all his life as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract
When I hear businessmen speak eloquently about the “social responsibilities of business in a free-enterprise system”, I am reminded of the wonderful line about the Frenchman who discovered at the age of 70 that he had been speaking prose all his life. The businessmen believe that they are defending free enterprise when they declaim that business is not concerned “merely” with profit but also with promoting desirable “social” ends; that business has a “social conscience” and takes seriously its responsibilities for providing employment, eliminating discrimination, avoiding pollution and whatever else may be the catchwords of the contemporary crop of reformers. In fact they are — or would be if they or anyone else took them seriously -preaching pure and unadulterated socialism. Businessmen who talk this way are unwitting puppets of the intellectual forces that have been undermining the basis of a free society these past decades.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Corporate Social Responsibility: International Perspectives

Abstract: In this introduction to the special issue, we provide a brief review of the CSR literature with attention to some of the difficulties in globalizing the existing CSR concepts. Following this we provide a brief summary of each of the four papers that comprise the special issue, with emphasis on the unique contribution of each.
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Profits and Principles : Four Perspectives

TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between profits and principles is clarified by distinguishing four alternative perspectives: the win-win perspective, which generates the highest profits, a licence-to-operate perspective, in which a minimum ethical performance is required to receive legitimation from the society, an acceptable profits perspective, and an integrated perspective.
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TL;DR: In this article, a two-stage performance evaluation is adopted to evaluate the sustainable firms' profitability and marketability efficiency in comparison with other firms, based on the perspectives of exploring realistic issues as well as providing supporting evidence.
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ESG Performance and Shareholder Value Creation in the Banking Industry: International Differences

TL;DR: In this paper, the role of socially responsible activities on shareholder value creation in a sample of 166 banks from 31 countries over the 2010-2015 period is studied, and the relationship between these two magnitudes distinguishing between environmental, social, and corporate governance actions as well as between countries taking into account the level of development, legal systems, and geographic area.
Journal ArticleDOI

Corporate social responsibility, business strategy, and the environment

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the concept of firms sacrificing profits in the social interest within the environmental realm, with particular focus on the case of the United States by addressing four key questions: whether firms do so within the scope of their fiduciary responsibilities to their shareholders? Can they do so on a sustainable basis, or will the forces of a competitive marketplace render such efforts and their impacts transient at best?
References
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