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Book ChapterDOI

The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits

Milton Friedman
- pp 173-178
TLDR
When I hear businessmen speak eloquently about the social responsibilities of business in a free-enterprise system, I am reminded of the wonderful line about the Frenchman who discovered at the age of 70 that he had been speaking prose all his life as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract
When I hear businessmen speak eloquently about the “social responsibilities of business in a free-enterprise system”, I am reminded of the wonderful line about the Frenchman who discovered at the age of 70 that he had been speaking prose all his life. The businessmen believe that they are defending free enterprise when they declaim that business is not concerned “merely” with profit but also with promoting desirable “social” ends; that business has a “social conscience” and takes seriously its responsibilities for providing employment, eliminating discrimination, avoiding pollution and whatever else may be the catchwords of the contemporary crop of reformers. In fact they are — or would be if they or anyone else took them seriously -preaching pure and unadulterated socialism. Businessmen who talk this way are unwitting puppets of the intellectual forces that have been undermining the basis of a free society these past decades.

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Corporate Social Responsibility and Organizational Psychology: An Integrative Review

TL;DR: A research agenda is put forward that goes beyond addressing gaps and focuses on how organizational psychology and CSR can be partners in helping move both fields forward—specifically, through a humanistic research agenda rooted in positive psychology.
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Do environmental, social, and governance activities improve corporate financial performance?

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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that firms that adopt CSR practices positively signal investors that their firms have superior capabilities for filling institutional voids, and they find a positive relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and financial performance.
References
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