Showing papers on "Composite number published in 2018"
TL;DR: The nacre-inspired strategy in this study offers a promising approach for the design and preparation of the strong integrated and flexible MXene/CNF composite paper, which may be applied in various fields such as flexible wearable devices, weapon equipment, and robot joints.
Abstract: With the growing popularity of electrical communication equipment, high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are widely used to deal with radiation pollution. However, the large thickness and poor mechanical properties of many EMI shielding materials usually limit their applications. In this study, ultrathin and highly flexible Ti3C2Tx (d-Ti3C2Tx, MXene)/cellulose nanofiber (CNF) composite paper with a nacre-like lamellar structure is fabricated via a vacuum-filtration-induced self-assembly process. By the interaction between one-dimensional (1D) CNFs and two-dimensional (2D) d-Ti3C2Tx MXene, the binary strengthening and toughening of the nacre-like d-Ti3C2Tx/CNF composite paper has been successfully achieved, leading to high tensile strength (up to 135.4 MPa) and fracture strain (up to 16.7%), as well as excellent folding endurance (up to 14 260 times). Moreover, the d-Ti3C2Tx/CNF composite paper exhibits high electrical conductivity (up to 739.4 S m–1) and excellent specifi...
800 citations
TL;DR: The traditionally disadvantageous viscoelastic property of hydrogels can be transformed into an advantage for sensing, which reveals prospects for hydrogel sensors.
Abstract: The development of wearable electronics, point-of-care testing, and soft robotics requires strain sensors that are highly sensitive, stretchable, capable of adhering conformably to arbitrary and complex surfaces, and preferably self-healable. Conductive hydrogels hold great promise as sensing materials for these applications. However, their sensitivities are generally low, and they suffer from signal hysteresis and fluctuation due to their viscoelastic property, which can compromise their sensing performance. We demonstrate that hydrogel composites incorporating MXene (Ti3C2T x ) outperform all reported hydrogels for strain sensors. The obtained composite hydrogel [MXene-based hydrogel (M-hydrogel)] exhibits outstanding tensile strain sensitivity with a gauge factor (GF) of 25, which is 10 times higher than that of pristine hydrogel. Furthermore, the M-hydrogel exhibits remarkable stretchability of more than 3400%, an instantaneous self-healing ability, excellent conformability, and adhesiveness to various surfaces, including human skin. The M-hydrogel composite exhibits much higher sensitivity under compressive strains (GF of 80) than under tensile strains. We exploit this asymmetrical strain sensitivity coupled with viscous deformation (self-recoverable residual deformation) to add new dimensions to the sensing capability of hydrogels. Consequently, both the direction and speed of motions on the hydrogel surface can be detected conveniently. Based on this effect, M-hydrogel demonstrates superior sensing performance in advanced sensing applications. Thus, the traditionally disadvantageous viscoelastic property of hydrogels can be transformed into an advantage for sensing, which reveals prospects for hydrogel sensors.
478 citations
TL;DR: The unique hierarchical Co3 O4 /NHCS core-shell structure with hierarchical structures is a promising electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors.
Abstract: Co3 O4 /nitrogen-doped carbon hollow spheres (Co3 O4 /NHCSs) with hierarchical structures are synthesized by virtue of a hydrothermal method and subsequent calcination treatment. NHCSs, as a hard template, can aid the generation of Co3 O4 nanosheets on its surface; while SiO2 spheres, as a sacrificed-template, can be dissolved in the process. The prepared Co3 O4 /NHCS composites are investigated as the electrode active material. This composite exhibits an enhanced performance than Co3 O4 itself. A higher specific capacitance of 581 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 and a higher rate performance of 91.6% retention at 20 A g-1 are achieved, better than Co3 O4 nanorods (318 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 and 67.1% retention at 20 A g-1 ). In addition, the composite is employed as a positive electrode to fabricate an asymmetric supercapacitor. The device can deliver a high energy density of 34.5 Wh kg-1 at the power density of 753 W kg-1 and display a desirable cycling stability. All of these attractive results make the unique hierarchical Co3 O4 /NHCS core-shell structure a promising electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors.
358 citations
TL;DR: An ultrastrong reinforced composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) is successfully designed and fabricated by introducing a stiff mesoporous SiO2 aerogel as the backbone for a polymer-based electrolyte.
Abstract: High-energy all-solid-state lithium (Li) batteries have great potential as next-generation energy-storage devices. Among all choices of electrolytes, polymer-based systems have attracted widespread attention due to their low density, low cost, and excellent processability. However, they are generally mechanically too weak to effectively suppress Li dendrites and have lower ionic conductivity for reasonable kinetics at ambient temperature. Herein, an ultrastrong reinforced composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) is successfully designed and fabricated by introducing a stiff mesoporous SiO2 aerogel as the backbone for a polymer-based electrolyte. The interconnected SiO2 aerogel not only performs as a strong backbone strengthening the whole composite, but also offers large and continuous surfaces for strong anion adsorption, which produces a highly conductive pathway across the composite. As a consequence, a high modulus of ≈0.43 GPa and high ionic conductivity of ≈0.6 mS cm-1 at 30 °C are simultaneously achieved. Furthermore, LiFePO4 -Li full cells with good cyclability and rate capability at ambient temperature are obtained. Full cells with cathode capacity up to 2.1 mAh cm-2 are also demonstrated. The aerogel-reinforced CPE represents a new design principle for solid-state electrolytes and offers opportunities for future all-solid-state Li batteries.
356 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the Fused filament fabrication (FFFDM) is employed to fabricate continuous carbon and glass FRTP composites and its microstructural characteristics and the resulting tensile, flexural, and quasi-static indentation characteristics of the printed composites are examined.
328 citations
TL;DR: The achieved performance illustrates that the as-prepared porous Co-C core-shell composite shows considerable potential as an effective microwave absorber.
Abstract: The combination of carbon materials and ferrite materials has recently attracted increased interest in microwave absorption applications. Herein, a novel composite with cobalt cores encapsulated in a porous carbon shell was synthesized via a facile sintering process with a cobaltic metal–organic framework (Co-MOF-74) as the precursor. Because of the magnetic loss caused by the Co cores and dielectric loss caused by the carbon shell with a unique porous structure, together with the interfacial polarization between two components, the ferromagnetic composite exhibited enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption performance compared to traditional ferrite materials. With the thermal decomposition temperature of 800 °C, the optimal reflection loss value achieved −62.12 dB at 11.85 GHz with thin thickness (2.4 mm), and the bandwidth ranged from 4.1 to 18 GHz with more than 90% of the microwave that could be absorbed. The achieved performance illustrates that the as-prepared porous Co–C core–shell composite shows ...
313 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the additive layer manufacturing (ALM) process is used in the present investigation to manufacture long fibre reinforced composite parts using the MarkOne® 3D-printer, and the results showed that the obtained mechanical properties for ALM composites are not yet comparable to those obtained by traditional methods (pre-pregs).
307 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a 3D porous Fe3O4/C composite flowers with an average size of 4-6 μm and an optimal reflection loss (RL) value of −54.6 dB at 5.7 GHz at a thin thickness of 4.27 mm.
Abstract: Magnetite (Fe3O4)/carbon (C) composite flowers with an average size of 4–6 μm were prepared through a facile route including a solvothermal approach and a carbon reduction process. The resultant Fe3O4/C composites are porous and exhibit a three-dimensional (3D) flower-like morphology with the core–shell Fe3O4@C nanoparticles hybridized by amorphous carbon sheets. The epoxy resin composites containing 50 wt % 3D porous Fe3O4/C composite flowers display an optimal reflection loss (RL) value of −54.6 dB at 5.7 GHz at a thin thickness of 4.27 mm and the effective bandwidth with RL < −10 dB reaches 6.0 GHz at a thickness of 2.1 mm. These enhanced EM wave absorption performances are attributed to the synergistic effects of Fe3O4 and carbon as well as the structural advantages, e.g., three-dimensional structure with large surface area, porous and core–shell structures of Fe3O4/C flowers. These results suggest the 3D porous Fe3O4/C composite flowers designed here can serve as ideal candidates for high-performance...
306 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)-based, graphene-based, and MWCNT/graphene-based composite phase change materials (PCM) were prepared and experimentally studied to improve the performance of lithium-ion power battery thermal management system.
290 citations
TL;DR: Being highly stretchable, easily programmable, as well as connectable in series and parallel, an editable supercapacitor with customizable stretchability is promising to produce stylish energy storage devices to power various portable, Stretchable, and wearable devices.
Abstract: Although some progress has been made on stretchable supercapacitors, traditional stretchable supercapacitors fabricated by predesigning structured electrodes for device assembling still lack the device-level editability and programmability. To adapt to wearable electronics with arbitrary configurations, it is highly desirable to develop editable supercapacitors that can be directly transferred into desirable shapes and stretchability. In this work, editable supercapacitors for customizable shapes and stretchability using electrodes based on mechanically strengthened ultralong MnO2 nanowire composites are developed. A supercapacitor edited with honeycomb-like structure shows a specific capacitance of 227.2 mF cm-2 and can be stretched up to 500% without degradation of electrochemical performance, which is superior to most of the state-of-the-art stretchable supercapacitors. In addition, it maintains nearly 98% of the initial capacitance after 10 000 stretch-and-release cycles under 400% tensile strain. As a representative of concept for system integration, the editable supercapacitors are integrated with a strain sensor, and the system exhibits a stable sensing performance even under arm swing. Being highly stretchable, easily programmable, as well as connectable in series and parallel, an editable supercapacitor with customizable stretchability is promising to produce stylish energy storage devices to power various portable, stretchable, and wearable devices.
284 citations
TL;DR: The physico-chemical, thermal, tensile and morphological properties of Furcraea foetida (FF) fiber are presented for the first time and indicated as a suitable alternative source for composite manufacture.
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed in-depth review on thermal transport in polymers and interfaces is presented, where various recent techniques to improve thermal conductivity of polymer and interfaces are illustrated through examples and case studies.
TL;DR: A three-dimensional fiber-network-reinforced bicontinuous solid composite electrolyte with flexible Li+-conductive network (lithium aluminum titanium phosphate (LATP)/polyacrylonitrile) helps to enhance electrochemical stability on the electrode/electrolyte interface by isolating Li and LATP and suppress Li dendrites growth by mechanical reinforcement of fiber network for the composite solid electrolyte.
Abstract: Replacement of flammable organic liquid electrolytes with solid Li+ conductors is a promising approach to realize excellent performance of Li metal batteries. However, ceramic electrolytes are either easily reduced by Li metal or penetrated by Li dendrites through their grain boundaries, and polymer electrolytes are also faced with instability on the electrode/electrolyte interface and weak mechanical property. Here, we report a three-dimensional fiber-network-reinforced bicontinuous solid composite electrolyte with flexible Li+-conductive network (lithium aluminum titanium phosphate (LATP)/polyacrylonitrile), which helps to enhance electrochemical stability on the electrode/electrolyte interface by isolating Li and LATP and suppress Li dendrites growth by mechanical reinforcement of fiber network for the composite solid electrolyte. The composite electrolyte shows an excellent electrochemical stability after 15 days of contact with Li metal and has an enlarged tensile strength (10.72 MPa) compared to the...
TL;DR: In this paper, a flexible natural rubber/magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4)@reduced graphene oxide (NRMG) composites with segregated structure were prepared by a self-assembly method in latex.
TL;DR: A polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based composite solid polymer electrolyte filled with one-dimensional (1D) ceramic Li033La0557TiO3 (LLTO) nanofibers was designed and prepared as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based composite solid polymer electrolyte filled with one-dimensional (1D) ceramic Li033La0557TiO3 (LLTO) nanofibers was designed and prepared It exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 24 × 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature and a large electrochemical stability window of up to 50 V vs Li/Li+, and is a promising electrolyte candidate for all solid-state lithium batteries
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present compelling evidence that these nanovoids are formed by nanosized gas bubbles generated during the interfacial polymerization process, and different strategies were used to enhance or eliminate these nanobubbles in the thin polyamide film layer to tune its morphology and separation properties.
Abstract: Recent studies have documented the existence of discrete voids in the thin polyamide selective layer of composite reverse osmosis membranes. Here we present compelling evidence that these nanovoids are formed by nanosized gas bubbles generated during the interfacial polymerization process. Different strategies were used to enhance or eliminate these nanobubbles in the thin polyamide film layer to tune its morphology and separation properties. Nanobubbles can endow the membrane with a foamed structure within the polyamide rejection layer that is approximately 100 nm in thickness. Simple nanofoaming methods, such as bicarbonate addition and ultrasound application, can result in a remarkable improvement in both membrane water permeability and salt rejection, thus overcoming the long-standing permeability–selectivity trade-off of desalination membranes.
TL;DR: In this article, a 3D heterogeneous g-C3N4/TiO2/kaolinite composite with enhanced visible light activity was fabricated via a mild sol-gel method associated with chemical stripping and self-assembly.
Abstract: A novel 3D heterogeneous g-C3N4/TiO2/kaolinite composite with enhanced visible light activity was fabricated via a mild sol-gel method associated with chemical stripping and self-assembly. Compared with bare photocatalysts, the g-C3N4/TiO2/kaolinite 3D structure exhibits enhanced adsorption-photocatalytic degradation ability for the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP) under visible-light irradiation, and also facilitate the recyclability of the photocatalyst as demonstrated from the reusability test. The apparent rate constant of the composite is up to around 5.35 times, 6.35 times and 4.49 times that of bare TiO2, g-C3N4 and P25, respectively, and a possible degradation pathway was also proposed. On the other hand, the as-received composite also exhibited enriched disinfection ability towards S. aureus. It is indicated that the superoxide radical ( O2−) is the main active species in the degradation process, and the superior photocatalytic performance of composite should be mainly attributed to both the improvement of light harvesting as well as the enhanced separation and transfer efficiency. It is expected that this novel ternary visible-light responding composite would be a promising candidate material for the organic pollutants degradation and bacteria inactivation.
TL;DR: The vertically aligned interfacial structure in the composite electrolytes enables the viable application of the composite solid electrolyte with superior ionic conductivity and high hardness, allowing Li-Li cells to be cycled at a small polarization without Li dendrite penetration.
Abstract: Among all solid electrolytes, composite solid polymer electrolytes, comprised of polymer matrix and ceramic fillers, garner great interest due to the enhancement of ionic conductivity and mechanical properties derived from ceramic–polymer interactions. Here, we report a composite electrolyte with densely packed, vertically aligned, and continuous nanoscale ceramic–polymer interfaces, using surface-modified anodized aluminum oxide as the ceramic scaffold and poly(ethylene oxide) as the polymer matrix. The fast Li+ transport along the ceramic–polymer interfaces was proven experimentally for the first time, and an interfacial ionic conductivity higher than 10–3 S/cm at 0 °C was predicted. The presented composite solid electrolyte achieved an ionic conductivity as high as 5.82 × 10–4 S/cm at the electrode level. The vertically aligned interfacial structure in the composite electrolytes enables the viable application of the composite solid electrolyte with superior ionic conductivity and high hardness, allowin...
TL;DR: Copper on copper nitride is supported to improve copper’s electrocatalytic stability and selectivity toward C2+ synthesis and performs stable CO2 reduction over 30 h.
Abstract: Copper-based materials are promising electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction Prior studies show that the mixture of copper (I) and copper (0) at the catalyst surface enhances multi-carbon products from CO2 reduction; however, the stable presence of copper (I) remains the subject of debate Here we report a copper on copper (I) composite that stabilizes copper (I) during CO2 reduction through the use of copper nitride as an underlying copper (I) species We synthesize a copper-on-nitride catalyst that exhibits a Faradaic efficiency of 64 ± 2% for C2+ products We achieve a 40-fold enhancement in the ratio of C2+ to the competing CH4 compared to the case of pure copper We further show that the copper-on-nitride catalyst performs stable CO2 reduction over 30 h Mechanistic studies suggest that the use of copper nitride contributes to reducing the CO dimerization energy barrier—a rate-limiting step in CO2 reduction to multi-carbon products
TL;DR: In this paper, two different dimensional nanofillers of MWCNTs and GNPs were used as bifillers to explore their synergistic effect on the final mechanical and electrical properties.
15 Mar 2018
TL;DR: Electromagnetic analysis reveals that the excellent microwave absorption of sample S4 benefits from its preferable matching of characteristic impedance and good attenuation ability toward incident electromagnetic waves, which provides new insight into the fabrication of carbon-based magnetic composites with enhanced microwave absorption.
Abstract: A series of magnetic FeCo alloy/carbon composites have been successfully prepared through in situ pyrolysis of Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) with different Fe/Co ratios. The Fe/Co ratio can affect the crystalline phase, particle size, and magnetic property of the FeCo alloy particles, as well as the relative graphitization degree of the carbon frameworks. As a result, the electromagnetic functions of these composites will be highly associated with the Fe/Co ratio, where high Co content is beneficial to the formation of strong dielectric loss and moderate Co content can facilitate the magnetic loss. When Fe/Co ratio reaches 1:1, the as-obtained composite (sample S4) displays excellent reflection loss characteristics with powerful absorption in a very broad frequency range (over −10 dB in 3.2–18.0 GHz), which is superior to those of single magnetic metal (Fe or Co)/carbon composite derived from PBAs, as well as many previously reported FeCo alloy/carbon composites. Electromagnetic analysis reveals that the excellent microwave absorption of sample S4 benefits from its preferable matching of characteristic impedance and good attenuation ability toward incident electromagnetic waves. These results provide new insight into the fabrication of carbon-based magnetic composites with enhanced microwave absorption by rationally manipulating the chemical composition of magnetic components.
TL;DR: Graphene oxide (GO) and boron nitride (BN) are introduced into polyethylene glycol (PEG) as supporting materials and thermally conductive fillers to improve shape-stability and thermal conductivity as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: This work demonstrates an effective strategy of engineering the yolk@shell-architectured anodes and sheds light onto harnessing the complex multistep reactions in metal sulfides to enable high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
Abstract: High-performance lithium-ion batteries are commonly built with heterogeneous composite electrodes that combine multiple active components for serving various electrochemical and structural functions. Engineering these heterogeneous composite electrodes toward drastically improved battery performance is hinged on a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of multiple active components and their synergy or trade-off effects. Herein, we report a rational design, fabrication, and understanding of yolk@shell Bi2S3@N-doped mesoporous carbon (C) composite anode, consisting of a Bi2S3 nanowire (NW) core within a hollow space surrounded by a thin shell of N-doped mesoporous C. This composite anode exhibits desirable rate performance and long cycle stability (700 cycles, 501 mAhg–1 at 1.0 Ag–1, 85% capacity retention). By in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction, and NMR experiments and computational modeling, we elucidate the dominant mechanisms of the phase transformation, structural e...
TL;DR: In this paper, a CNT/polymer composite was constructed in low-melt-viscosity semi-crystalline polymers to achieve a superior EMI SE of 48.3 dB at 2.2mm thickness and 5.0% CNT loading.
TL;DR: In this paper, a three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide (rGO) network layers on carbon nanotube (CNT)-Fe3O4 films are assembled by electrophoresis.
TL;DR: In this paper, a multi-scale analytical model is developed to calculate the effective elastic modulus of a hybrid aluminum matrix nanocomposite (HAMNC) reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) whiskers and SiC nanoparticles.
TL;DR: In this paper, a unique Ppy@NiCo 2 S 4 core-shell heterostructure material is prepared taking polypyrrole (Ppy) nanotubes as skeleton through a simple and environmentally friendly hydrothermal method.
TL;DR: In this paper, a solution ball-milling of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites was readily fabricated by solution ball milling of hBN and TPU in N,N −dimethylformamide followed by precipitation in ethanol.
TL;DR: In this article, a two-and three-dimensional self-assembly method for polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide composite gels with molecular-level uniformity was proposed.
Abstract: Polyaniline/graphene composites constitute an important class of electrode materials for supercapacitors. In this paper, we designed a new self-assembly method for preparing polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide three-dimensional porous composite gels with molecular-level uniformity even at a very high PANI content (>80%). The method involves two successive self-assembly processes, namely, two-dimensional assembly of polyaniline on graphene oxide sheets in a water/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone blend solvent, and three-dimensional reduction-assembly of the obtained polyaniline/graphene oxide composite sheets. The prepared polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide composite gels possess a three-dimensional porous network composed of reduced graphene oxide sheets, which are covered by polyaniline molecules with controlled content. Because of this favorable microstructure, the composite shows a high specific capacitance of 808 F g−1 (5717 mF cm−2) at a current density of 53.33 A g−1 (377.4 mA cm−2), as well as excellent rate performance. These results demonstrate that two-step self-assembly is a promising method for precisely controlling the microstructure of reduced graphene oxide based composite electrode materials.
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 12 (PA12) composites for fused deposition modeling (FDM) process were reported. And the results indicated that the tensile strength and flexural strength of 10 wt% CF/PA12 composites are enhanced by 102.2% and 251.1% respectively.