Showing papers on "Parametric oscillator published in 2016"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a traveling-wave JPAs with extended bandwidth for frequency multiplexing, which is especially desired for quantum information technology, e.g., in qubit readout.
Abstract: Josephson parametric amplifiers (JPAs) are important tools in quantum information technology, and traveling-wave JPAs with extended bandwidth are especially desired for frequency multiplexing, $e.g.$ in qubit readout. So far these devices have required the four-wave mixing condition to operate. The author shows, however, that there is a way to realize $t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}h\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}r\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e-w\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}a\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}v\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e$ mixing, with negligible phase mismatch. This simple traveling-wave amplifier would offer large gain, wide bandwidth, and ultimately quantum-limited characteristics, outperforming its state-of-the-art four-wave counterparts.
76 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive theory to investigate laser instabilities is developed in this paper, where it is shown that quantum cascade lasers can display both amplitude and phase-modulated emission, opening a promising route to ultrashort-pulse generation in the mid-infrared, as well as the development of compact frequency-comb sources for spectroscopy.
Abstract: A comprehensive theory to investigate laser instabilities is developed. It is shown that quantum cascade lasers can display both amplitude- and phase-modulated emission, opening a promising route to ultrashort-pulse generation in the midinfrared, as well as the development of compact frequency-comb sources for spectroscopy.
71 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a low frequency relaxation oscillator is designed using a super-capacitor and an accurate analytical expression for the oscillation frequency is derived based on a fractional-order super-Capacitor model composed of a resistance in series with a Constant Phase Element (CPE) whose pseudo capacitance and dispersion coefficient are determined using impedance spectroscopy measurements.
Abstract: A low frequency relaxation oscillator is designed using a super-capacitor. An accurate analytical expression for the oscillation frequency is derived based on a fractional-order super-capacitor model composed of a resistance in series with a Constant Phase Element (CPE) whose pseudo-capacitance and dispersion coefficient are determined using impedance spectroscopy measurements. Experimental results confirm our theoretical analysis.
71 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Krantz et al. proposed and demonstrated a readout technique for a superconducting qubit by dispersively coupling it with a Josephson parametric oscillator.
Abstract: We propose and demonstrate a read-out technique for a superconducting qubit by dispersively coupling it with a Josephson parametric oscillator. We employ a tunable quarter wavelength superconducting resonator and modulate its resonant frequency at twice its value with an amplitude surpassing the threshold for parametric instability. We map the qubit states onto two distinct states of classical parametric oscillation: one oscillating state, with 185±15 photons in the resonator, and one with zero oscillation amplitude. This high contrast obviates a following quantum-limited amplifier. We demonstrate proof-of-principle, single-shot read-out performance, and present an error budget indicating that this method can surpass the fidelity threshold required for quantum computing. Efficient qubit readout is essential for quantum information technology, which requires sufficient recognition of signal from noise. Here, Krantz et al. propose a simplified technique using a Josephson parametric oscillator, demonstrating single-shot readout performance of a superconducting qubit.
68 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the bistable switching dynamics is dramatically affected by the competition between the two instability mechanisms, which dictates two completely novel scenarios.
Abstract: We experimentally investigate the interplay of Turing (modulational) and Faraday (parametric) instabilities in a bistable passive nonlinear resonator. The Faraday branch is induced via parametric resonance owing to a periodic modulation of the resonator dispersion. We show that the bistable switching dynamics is dramatically affected by the competition between the two instability mechanisms, which dictates two completely novel scenarios. At low detunings from resonance, switching occurs between the stable stationary lower branch and the Faraday-unstable upper branch, whereas at high detunings we observe the crossover between the Turing and Faraday periodic structures. The results are well explained in terms of the universal Lugiato-Lefever model.
66 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied periodically driven bosonic scalar field theories in the infinite $N$ limit and provided a clean interacting quantum system that does not heat to infinite temperature at any drive frequency.
Abstract: We study periodically driven bosonic scalar field theories in the infinite $N$ limit. It is well known that the free theory can undergo parametric resonance under monochromatic modulation of the mass term and thereby absorb energy indefinitely. Interactions in the infinite $N$ limit terminate this increase for any choice of the UV cutoff and driving frequency. The steady state has nontrivial correlations and is synchronized with the drive. The $O(N)$ model at infinite $N$ provides the first example of a clean interacting quantum system that does not heat to infinite temperature at any drive frequency.
62 citations
TL;DR: The traveling-wave Josephson parametric amplifier as discussed by the authors exploits quadratic nonlinearity of a serial array of one-junction SQUIDs embedded in a superconducting transmission line.
Abstract: We develop a concept of the traveling-wave Josephson parametric amplifier exploiting quadratic nonlinearity of a serial array of one-junction SQUIDs embedded in a superconducting transmission line. The external magnetic flux applied to the SQUIDs makes it possible to efficiently control the shape of their current-phase relation and, hence, the balance between quadratic and cubic (Kerr-like) nonlinearities. This property allows us to operate in the favorable three-wave-mixing mode with minimal phase mismatch, an exponential dependence of the power gain on number of sections $N$, a large bandwidth, a high dynamic range, and substantially separated signal ($f_s$) and pump ($f_p$) frequencies obeying relation $f_s+f_i = f_p$, where $f_i$ is the idler frequency. An estimation of the amplifier characteristics with typical experimental parameters, a pump frequency of $12$ GHz, and $N = 300$ yields a flat gain of 20 dB in the bandwidth of 5.6 GHz.
55 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a scheme to generate macroscopic Schrodinger-cat states in a quantum harmonic oscillator coupled to a quantum bit via a conditional displacement mechanism, which can be used to prepare quantum superpositions of macroscopically distinct coherent states in the oscillator.
Abstract: We propose a scheme to generate macroscopic Schr\"odinger-cat states in a quantum harmonic oscillator (electromagnetic field or mechanical resonator) coupled to a quantum bit (two-level system) via a conditional displacement mechanism. By driving the qubit monochromatically, the oscillation of the qubit state modifies the effective frequency of the driving force acting on the oscillator, and a resonant or near-resonant driving on the oscillator can be achieved. The displacement of the oscillator is then significantly enhanced due to the small detuning of the driving force and can exceed that of the zero-point fluctuation. This effect can be used to prepare quantum superpositions of macroscopically distinct coherent states in the oscillator. We present detailed studies on this state-generation scheme in both the closed- and open-system cases. This approach can be implemented in various experimental platforms, such as cavity- or circuit-QED systems, electromechanical systems, and spin-cantilever systems.
53 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the nonlinear vibration of a carbon nanotube which is subjected to the external parametric excitation is studied by the nonlocal continuum theory and nonlinear von Karman beam theory.
Abstract: In the present work, the nonlinear vibration of a carbon nanotube which is subjected to the external parametric excitation is studied By the nonlocal continuum theory and nonlinear von Karman beam theory, the governing equation of the carbon nanotube is derived with the consideration of the large deformation The principle parametric resonance of the nanotube is discussed and the approximation explicit solution is presented by the multiple scale method Numerical calculations are performed It can be observed that when the mode number is 1, the stable region can be significantly changed by the parametric excitation, length-to-diameter ratio and matrix stiffness This phenomenon becomes different to appear if the mode number increases Moreover, the small scale effects have great influences on the positive bifurcation point for the short carbon nanotube, and the nonlocal continuum theory can present the proper model
49 citations
TL;DR: The authors have experimentally confirmed up to 28 orders of parametric resonance in a micromachined membrane resonator when electrically undamped, to broaden the accumulative operational frequency bandwidth of vibration energy harvesting for enabling self-powered microsystems.
Abstract: This paper contends to be the first to report the experimental observation of up to 28 orders of parametric resonance, which has thus far only been envisioned in the theoretical realm. While theory has long predicted the onset of n orders of parametric resonance, previously reported experimental observations have been limited up to about the first 5 orders. This is due to the rapid narrowing nature of the frequency bandwidth of the higher instability intervals, making practical accessibility increasingly more difficult. Here, the authors have experimentally confirmed up to 28 orders of parametric resonance in a micromachined membrane resonator when electrically undamped. While the implication of this finding spans across the vibration dynamics and transducer application spectrum, the particular significance of this work is to broaden the accumulative operational frequency bandwidth of vibration energy harvesting for enabling self-powered microsystems. Up to 5 orders were recorded when driven at 1.0 g of acceleration across a matched load of 70 kΩ. With a natural frequency of 980 Hz, the fundamental mode direct resonance had a −3 dB bandwidth of 55 Hz, in contrast to the 314 Hz for the first order parametric resonance; furthermore, the half power bands of all 5 orders accumulated to 478 Hz.
48 citations
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this article, a read-out technique for a superconducting qubit by dispersively coupling it with a Josephson parametric oscillator was proposed and demonstrated, which can surpass the fidelity threshold for quantum computing.
Abstract: We propose and demonstrate a read-out technique for a superconducting qubit by dispersively coupling it with a Josephson parametric oscillator. We employ a tunable quarter wavelength superconducting resonator and modulate its resonant frequency at twice its value with an amplitude surpassing the threshold for parametric instability. We map the qubit states onto two distinct states of classical parametric oscillation: one oscillating state, with 185±15 photons in the resonator, and one with zero oscillation amplitude. This high contrast obviates a following quantum-limited amplifier. We demonstrate proof-of-principle, single-shot read-out performance, and present an error budget indicating that this method can surpass the fidelity threshold required for quantum computing.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the physics of an optomechanical cavity subject to coherent two-phonon driving, and show that in such a system, the cavity mode can effectively 'inherit' parametric driving from the mechanics, yielding phase-sensitive amplification and squeezing of optical signals reflected from the cavity.
Abstract: We consider the physics of an optomechanical cavity subject to coherent two-phonon driving, i.e. degenerate parametric amplification of the mechanical mode. We show that in such a system, the cavity mode can effectively 'inherit' parametric driving from the mechanics, yielding phase-sensitive amplification and squeezing of optical signals reflected from the cavity. We also demonstrate how such a system can be used to perform single-quadrature detection of a near-resonant narrow-band force applied to the mechanics with extremely low added noise from the optics. The system also exhibits strong differences from a conventional degenerate parametric amplifier: in particular, the cavity spectral function can become negative, indicating a negative effective photon temperature.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a detailed analysis of the influence of time-delayed feedback, i.e., feeding one of the output fields of the system back to the input channel after a significant delay.
Abstract: Squeezing levels of a degenerate parametric amplifier could be substantially increased by performing a conceptually simple modification to its operation. The study presents a detailed analysis of the influence of time-delayed feedback, i.e. feeding one of the output fields of the system back to the input channel after a significant delay.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, Spectral Combs from UV to THz Program (W31P4Q-16-1-0002) were used for UV-to-THz applications.
Abstract: United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Spectral Combs from UV to THz Program (Grant W31P4Q-16-1-0002)
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate and evaluate an on-demand source of single itinerant microwave photons using a highly coherent, fixed-frequency qubit-cavity system, and a protocol where the microwave control field is far detuned from the photon emission frequency.
Abstract: We demonstrate and evaluate an on-demand source of single itinerant microwave photons. Photons are generated using a highly coherent, fixed-frequency qubit-cavity system, and a protocol where the microwave control field is far detuned from the photon emission frequency. By using a Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA), we perform efficient single-quadrature detection of the state emerging from the cavity. We characterize the imperfections of the photon generation and detection, including detection inefficiency and state infidelity caused by measurement backaction over a range of JPA gains from 17 to 33 dB. We observe that both detection efficiency and undesirable backaction increase with JPA gain. We find that the density matrix has its maximum single photon component $\rho_{11} = 0.36 \pm 0.01$ at 29 dB JPA gain. At this gain, backaction of the JPA creates cavity photon number fluctuations that we model as a thermal distribution with an average photon number $\bar{n} = 0.041 \pm 0.003$.
TL;DR: In this paper, the nonlinear transverse vibration of an axially moving beam subject to two frequency excitation was analyzed by adopting the direct method of multiple scales, the governing nonlinear integro-partial differential equation for transverse motion was reduced to a set of nonlinear first order ordinary partial differential equations which are solved either by means of continuation algorithm or via direct time integration.
Abstract: This study analyses the nonlinear transverse vibration of an axially moving beam subject to two frequency excitation. Focus has been made on simultaneous resonant cases i.e. principal parametric resonance of first mode and combination parametric resonance of additive type involving first two modes in presence of internal resonance. By adopting the direct method of multiple scales, the governing nonlinear integro-partial differential equation for transverse motion is reduced to a set of nonlinear first order ordinary partial differential equations which are solved either by means of continuation algorithm or via direct time integration. Specifically, the frequency response plots and amplitude curves, their stability and bifurcation are obtained using continuation algorithm. Numerical results reveal the rich and interesting nonlinear phenomena that have not been presented in the existent literature on the nonlinear dynamics of axially moving systems.
TL;DR: In this paper, a spatial discrete model of the cable-stayed beam was developed and the frequency response curves were determined by applying the method of multiple time scales to the model.
TL;DR: In this article, a terahertz tuning range of 5.7 to 6.1 µJ was achieved for the KTiOPO4 tera-hertz parametric oscillator with a theoretical analysis of the stimulated polariton scattering.
Abstract: 532 nm green laser is utilized to achieve terahertz tuning range expanding in KTiOPO4 terahertz parametric oscillator. With the theoretical analysis of the stimulated polariton scattering, an expanded tunability of the KTiOPO4 terahertz parametric oscillator can be realized. A wide terahertz output tuning range from 5.7 to 6.1 THz, from 7.4 to 7.8 THz, from 11.5 to 11.8 THz, and from 13.3 to 13.5 THz was demonstrated in our experiment, and the result well matched the analysis. The maximum terahertz output energy was 1.61 μJ under the pump energy of 140 mJ, corresponding to the maximum THz wave conversion efficiency of 1.3 × 10−5, and the threshold pump energy is about 30 mJ.
TL;DR: In this paper, the frequency tuning process of a viscoelastic DE membrane oscillator has been investigated and a comparison of the tuning process and the tunable frequency range between a VE and a purely elastic DE oscillator is presented.
Abstract: As a category of soft electroactive materials, dielectric elastomers (DEs) show great potential for the development of tunable oscillators and resonators for actuating and sensing purposes. However, the dynamic performance of these DE-based vibration devices could be very susceptible to external environment (external loads and excitations) and material viscoelasticity of the DEs. Based on the finite-deformation viscoelasticity theory, this work first investigates the frequency tuning process of a viscoelastic DE membrane oscillator. A comparison of the frequency tuning process and the tunable frequency range between a viscoelastic and a purely elastic DE oscillator is presented. Moreover, particular considerations have been given to the nonlinear response of the oscillator to external harmonic excitation. It is found that the displacement transmissibility of the oscillator can also be actively tuned by changing the static voltage applied to the DE membrane. Under harmonic excitation, various vibration patterns of the oscillator could be actively achieved with the application of both static and alternating electric voltage. Simulation results in this work demonstrate that the material viscoelasticity has a significant effect on the electromechanical coupling and the dynamic performance of the DE-based vibration devices.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered the case of delay parametric resonance for which the frequency of the delay modulation is near twice the natural frequency of an oscillator and applied double-step perturbation method to obtain an approximation of the amplitude of the QP vibrations of the oscillator far from the resonance.
Abstract: Quasi-periodic (QP) vibration-based energy harvesting is studied in this paper. The energy harvesting system consists in a delayed van der Pol oscillator with time-varying delay amplitude coupled to an electromagnetic energy harvesting device in which the vibration source is due to self-excitations. We consider the case of delay parametric resonance for which the frequency of the delay modulation is near twice the natural frequency of the oscillator. Application of the double-step perturbation method enables the approximation of the amplitude of the QP vibrations of the oscillator far from the resonance. This amplitude is used to extract the maximum and average QP powers from the harvester device. The influence of different system parameters on the performance of the QP vibration-based energy harvesting is reported and discussed. Results show that for appropriate values of parameters, QP vibrations can be more efficient for energy harvesting in pure self-excited systems not only in terms of power extraction, but also in terms of broadening the parameter range of energy extraction. Numerical simulation is systematically conducted to support the analytical predictions.
TL;DR: In this paper, the dynamic response of a double-beam system under the moving oscillator is investigated, where two elastic homogeneous isotropic Euler-Bernoulli beams are parallel with each other and supported by a foundation of elastic springs provided with viscous damping.
TL;DR: In this paper, the dynamics of two atoms with a short-ranged pair interaction in a one-dimensional harmonic trap with time-dependent frequency were analyzed, and it was shown that the interaction can significantly reduce the rate of energy increase.
Abstract: We analyze the dynamics of two atoms with a short-ranged pair interaction in a one-dimensional harmonic trap with time-dependent frequency. Our analysis is focused on two representative cases: (i) a sudden change of the trapping frequency from one value to another, and (ii) a periodic trapping frequency. In case (i), the dynamics of the interacting and the corresponding non-interacting systems turn out to be similar. In the second case, however, the interacting system can behave quite differently, especially close to parametric resonance. For instance, in the regions where such resonance occurs we find that the interaction can significantly reduce the rate of energy increase. The implications for applications of our findings to cool or heat the system are also discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, a periodic time-varying damper is introduced, which results in a parametrically excited system and the transition curves of the stable and unstable dynamics are derived, both analytically using harmonic balance method, and numerically using time simulations.
TL;DR: In this article, the existence and interrelation of chaos and parametric resonance in a damped driven pendulum with a magnetic driving force, appearing from a solenoid, where ac current flows is considered.
TL;DR: In this paper, the non-Hermitian dynamics of a quantum particle hopping on a one-dimensional tight-binding lattice made of $N$ sites with asymmetric hopping rates induced by a time-periodic oscillating imaginary gauge field were investigated.
Abstract: We consider non-Hermitian dynamics of a quantum particle hopping on a one-dimensional tight-binding lattice made of $N$ sites with asymmetric hopping rates induced by a time-periodic oscillating imaginary gauge field. A deeply different behavior is found depending on the lattice topology. While in a linear chain (open boundary conditions) an oscillating field can lead to a complex quasienergy spectrum via a multiple parametric resonance; in a ring topology (Born--von Karman periodic boundary conditions) an entirely real quasienergy spectrum can be found and the dynamics is pseudo-Hermitian. In the large-$N$ limit, parametric instability and pseudo-Hermitian dynamics in the two different lattice topologies are physically explained on the basis of a simple picture of wave-packet propagation.
TL;DR: In this article, an energy harvester based on the nonlinear dynamical response of a parametrically excited clamped-clamped beam with a central point-mass has been designed, fabricated and tested.
TL;DR: It is shown that the nonlinear stage of modulational instability induced by parametric driving in the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation can be accurately described by combining mode truncation and averaging methods, valid in the strong driving regime.
Abstract: We show that the nonlinear stage of modulational instability induced by parametric driving in the defocusing nonlinear Schrodinger equation can be accurately described by combining mode truncation and averaging methods, valid in the strong driving regime. The resulting integrable oscillator reveals a complex hidden heteroclinic structure of the instability. A remarkable consequence, validated by the numerical integration of the original model, is the existence of breather solutions separating different Fermi-Pasta-Ulam recurrent regimes. Our theory also shows that optimal parametric amplification unexpectedly occurs outside the bandwidth of the resonance (or Arnold tongues) arising from the linearized Floquet analysis.
TL;DR: In this paper, the dynamic instability of thin laminated composite cylindrical shells subjected to harmonic axial loading is investigated based on nonlinear analysis, and the equations of motion are developed using Donnell's shallow-shell theory and with von Karman-type of nonlinearity.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the nonlinear dynamics of a parametrically excited doubly clamped piezoelectric nanobeam, actuated by a combined AC and DC loadings.
Abstract: This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamics of a parametrically excited doubly clamped piezoelectric nanobeam, actuated by a combined AC and DC loadings. Surface effects, intermolecular van der Waals forces, and fringing effects are incorporated in the nonlinear model. The governing equation of motion is obtained using the extended Hamilton principle. The reduced-order model equation (ROM) is obtained based on the Galerkin method. The multiple-scale method is applied directly to the nonlinear equation of motion and associated boundary conditions to obtain the nanobeam response analytically under small AC voltage loads. The influence of van der Waals forces, piezoelectric voltages, and surface effects is investigated on the natural frequencies, static equilibria, pull-in voltages, and principle parametric resonance (subharmonic resonance of order one-half) of the nanoresonator. It is shown the surface effect profoundly affects the nontrivial parametric responses, trivial stability zones, and bifurcation point’s loci, and it is necessary to consider the surface effects for accurate and exact investigation of the system response. The effect of piezoelectric voltage to control the dynamic instability region is also demonstrated. To validate analytical results, ROM equation is integrated numerically. It is seen that the perturbation results are in accordance with numerical results.
TL;DR: In this paper, a parametric amplifier with nonlinearity, Duffing type hardening, was proposed to limit the amplitude of the amplifiers, which can be tuned to amplify a wide range of input frequencies by altering the parametric excitation.