Showing papers on "Solenoid published in 2019"
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this paper, the magnetic magnetic field is built on two monopole rigid string particles which can be represented as curved lines of radiation trajectories, for a stable magnetic field more or less cooperating by opposing each other.
Abstract: A so called Em Drive ( Electro Magentic Drive) defy classical physics expectations because it shows repellent less or reaction less thruster qualities. According to Quantum FFF Theory (Function Follows Form at the quantum level) however, the magnetic field is build on two monopole rigid string particles which can be represented as curved lines of radiation trajectories, for a stable magnetic field more or less cooperating by opposing each other. Thus, the magnetic quantum field has always TWO different shaped curved monopole vector components: a North- and a South vector field component. This is comparable with the electric Quantum field, equipped with Plus and Minus vector components but it is in contrast with all other quantum fields like the neutrino- gravity-or x-gamma ray field. However, based on observation of iron filing-powder patterns, close to direct currents in a wire, it is postulated, that these monopole ( N+S) particle/ wave dualities travel locally parallel to each other inside the vacuum Axion/Higgs field, with a strong field reduction result also called a magnetic B-flied effect. A so called B field is well known to be present around a long solenoid. Inside the spiral solenoid, there is the strongest magnetic field present, however outside the solenoid the magnetic field is reduced down to zero, also originated by the anti Maxwell dipping field effect . This Anti Maxwell dipping phenomenon is originated by the interference of both ( N+S) monopole fields of parallel propagating magnetic monopole radiation trajectories, according to my monopole magnetic Quantum FFF model. These B field reductions (or dipping) are also observed to be concentrated in a tubular form around the current in a conductor..
42 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a hybrid solenoid for wireless charging applications, which is able to transfer high power over large air gaps and is tolerant to lateral displacements suitable for electric vehicle charging applications.
Abstract: This paper introduces a primary pad for wireless charging applications, which is able to transfer high power over large air gaps and is tolerant to lateral displacements suitable for electric vehicle charging applications. The developed pad is an improved solenoid designed specifically to address issues such as flux leakage and loss while retaining good coupling. It is a hybrid structure that consists of a combination of rectangular- or square-shaped coils and a central solenoid, all connected in series. When energized, it produces a single-sided, polarized flux similar to the flux pattern of the solenoid and double D (DDP) pads. The power transfer capability of this pad is investigated through finite-element analysis simulations. The results are compared first to a similar sized solenoid from which it was derived, and also a DDP primary pad and are verified through measurements on prototype systems in the laboratory. The aim of this paper is to provide an improved hybrid solenoid pad showing higher coupling factors and lower stray field emissions with a performance (coupling and stray field emissions) similar to that of DDPs.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new inductor was proposed theoretically in terms of spiral magnets, and the inductance L in the present inductor is inversely proportional to the cross section A of the system, which enables to reduce the size of the device.
Abstract: A new principle for the inductor is proposed theoretically in terms of spiral magnets. In sharp contrast to the conventional inductor made by the solenoid with ferromagnetic core, the bulk sample itself acts as an inductor without any composite structure. Furthermore, the inductance L in the present inductor is inversely proportional to the cross section A of the system, which enables to reduce the size of the device.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a unique thermal-tomechanical-to-electrical energy conversion process was demonstrated via thermally-excited, pulsating ferro-nanofluid within a solenoid-equipped oscillating heat pipe.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal convection in a cylindrical container heated by a solenoid and cooled with an oil-based ferrofluid is numerically studied.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the design and measurement of a 3D solenoid inductor that is embedded in a Si substrate and can integrate an iron core, which is an important component in RF MEMS and electromagnetic power MEMS devices and can improve their performance and efficiency.
Abstract: In this letter, we report the design and measurement of a 3D solenoid inductor that is embedded in a Si substrate and can integrate an iron core. Various inductor designs were fabricated with good structural integrity and repeatability via a CMOS-compatible MEMS fabrication process. The average inductance and quality factor peak-to-peak variation of the inductors was below 10%, which indicates that the fabrication process is repeatable. Among the inductors without iron cores, the highest quality factor (37.6 at 21 MHz) was found in a 5-turn inductor, and the highest inductance and inductance density (respectively, 86.6 nH and 21.7 nH/mm2) were found in a 20-turn inductor. Among the iron-core inductors, the 15-turn inductor had an inductance of 1063 nH and an inductance density of 354.3 nH/mm2, nearly 18 times higher than the same design without an iron core, which is the highest inductance density for a MEMS microinductor to the best of our knowledge. This type of inductor is an important component in RF MEMS and electromagnetic power MEMS devices and can improve their performance and efficiency.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an investigation of a solenoid common-rail injector has been carried out to understand the hydraulic interactions between close-coupled injection events, and a one-di...
Abstract: In this article, an investigation of a solenoid common-rail injector has been carried out to understand the hydraulic interactions between close-coupled injection events. For this purpose, a one-di...
21 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Twente Cryogenic cable press to simulate the effect of the Lorentz forces on a conductor comparable to the ITER magnet operating conditions.
Abstract: The ITER magnet system uses cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) technology with individual strands twisted in several stages resulting in a rope-type cable, which is inserted into a stainless steel conduit. The combination of high current (up to 68 kA) and background magnetic field (up to 13 T) results in large transverse Lorentz forces exerted on the conductors during magnet system operation. The high transverse forces, accompanied with the cyclic nature of the load, have a strong influence on the conductor properties. The Twente Cryogenic Cable Press is used to simulate the effect of the Lorentz forces on a conductor comparable to the ITER magnet operating conditions. An overview is presented of the AC coupling and hysteresis loss, mechanical deformation characteristics and inter-strand contact resistance measurement results obtained on full-size ITER CICCs measured in the Twente Cryogenic Cable Press. The aim of this work is to characterize conductors' electromagnetic and mechanical properties during cycling of the load up to 30 000 cycles. The evolution of the magnetization (AC coupling loss time constant nτ), mechanical properties and inter-strand resistance R c between selected strands is presented along with loading history. The R c between first triplet strands is also measured as a function of applied load. It is shown that transverse load cycling has a strong influence on the CICC properties. An overview of the results for eight toroidal field conductors, two central solenoid conductors, three poloidal field conductors of different types (PF1&6, PF4, PF5), one main bus-bar and one correction coil conductor is presented.
21 citations
19 citations
TL;DR: A constructive nonlinear observer design for self-sensing of digital (ON/OFF) single coil electromagnetic actuators is studied and an observer-based tracking control scheme to achieve sensorless soft landing is considered and its closed-loop stability is studied.
Abstract: A constructive nonlinear observer design for self-sensing of digital (ON/OFF) single coil electromagnetic actuators is studied. Self-sensing in this context means that solely the available energizing signals, i.e., coil current and driving voltage are used to estimate the position and velocity trajectories of the moving plunger. A nonlinear sliding mode observer is considered, where the stability of the reduced error dynamics is analyzed by the equivalent control method. No simplifications are made regarding magnetic saturation and eddy currents in the underlying dynamical model. The observer gains are constructed by taking into account some generic properties of the systems nonlinearities. Two possible choices of the observer gains are discussed. Furthermore, an observer-based tracking control scheme to achieve sensorless soft landing is considered and its closed-loop stability is studied. Experimental results for observer-based soft landing of a fast-switching solenoid valve under dry conditions are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the approach.
18 citations
TL;DR: Experimental results show that the silicon steel sheets can significantly improve the detection sensitivity of metal particles and capacitance detection, and the capacitance amplitude and SNR of detecting water droplets and bubbles can be increased by 37.4–21.4 and 4.5–8.0 times, respectively.
Abstract: A multifunction detection sensor for hydraulic oil contaminants based on a microfluidic chip is proposed, which consists of double solenoid coils and a straight microchannel. The inductance detection model of metal particles and capacitance detection model of nonmetal particles are constructed theoretically. In order to further improve detection sensitivity, experiments of effects of silicon steel sheets on the sensitivity of detection are carried out. Experimental results show that the silicon steel sheets can significantly improve the detection sensitivity of metal particles. The inductance amplitude and signal-to-noise (SNR) of iron particles ranging from 60–130 μm and copper particles ranging from 120–180 μm can be increased by at least 7.0–2.4 and 4.5–2.0 times, respectively. We demonstrate the successful detection of 30 μm iron particles and 90 μm copper particles using double solenoid coils with silicon steel sheets. In capacitance detection experiments, the silicon steel sheets can improve the sensitivity of capacitance detection, but the improvement effect is not obvious. We demonstrate the successful detection of 140 μm water droplets and 240 μm bubbles using double solenoid coils with and without silicon steel sheets. The capacitance amplitude and SNR of detecting water droplets ranging from 140–150 μm and bubbles ranging from 240–250 μm can be increased by 37.4–21.9% and 18.5–8.0% using double solenoid coils with silicon steel sheets, respectively.
TL;DR: The possibility to exceed the SNR of a standard solenoid coil by more than a factor of two is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally and a new probe for microscopy at 17 T is developed as a dielectric ring resonator made of ferroelectric/dielectric low-loss composite ceramics precisely tunable via temperature control.
Abstract: The spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) attainable in magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) are limited by intrinsic probe losses and probe-sample interactions. In this work, the possibility to exceed the SNR of a standard solenoid coil by more than a factor-of-two is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally. This improvement is achieved by exciting the first transverse electric mode of a low-loss ceramic resonator instead of using the quasi-static field of the metal-wire solenoid coil. Based on theoretical considerations, a new probe for microscopy at 17 T is developed as a dielectric ring resonator made of ferroelectric/dielectric low-loss composite ceramics precisely tunable via temperature control. Besides the twofold increase in SNR, compared with the solenoid probe, the proposed ceramic probe does not cause static-field inhomogeneity and related image distortion.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the design and test results of the pancake coils for the 25 T, 100 mm bore solenoid that Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is building for the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) in Korea for an Axion dark matter search.
Abstract: This paper presents the design and test results of the pancake coils for the 25 T, 100 mm bore solenoid that Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is building for the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) in Korea for an Axion dark matter search. The design is based on second-generation (2G) high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tape with no-insulation winding. The major challenges in the high-field, large aperture solenoid are the large stresses and the quench protection. Moreover, the design should be robust for reliable operation in a user facility environment. The paper will also present the construction and test results of two ~100 mm bore double pancake coils creating a peak field of up to ~17 T and similar hoop stresses as will be in the 25 T solenoid. The coils were subject to several severe tests, including the simulations of large defects and extended quench studies at ~4 K. The most striking part of these studies was the demonstration of how fast (a few hundred milliseconds) these coils can turn from the superconducting state to the normal state (quench or thermal runaway). This removes the past concerns of protecting high-field HTS coils because of the low quench propagation velocities.
TL;DR: In this article, a high-performance solenoid that can be used for natural gas injector is described based on mathematical models, in which its simulation parameters are based on the specifications of a real solenoidal injector, and effects of key parameters, such as thickness of cut-off of sleeve, cross-sectional shape of the coil and the relative position between the coils and plunger are investigated.
Abstract: The solenoid is one of the key components of a fuel injection system. It plays an important role in controlling the valve opening time of an injector, as well as in deciding engine combustion performance. The purpose of this study is to research and develop a high-performance solenoid that can be used for natural gas injector. Operation of the solenoid is described based on mathematical models. The solenoid is modeled and simulated using Maxwell and Simplorer software, in which its simulation parameters are based on the specifications of a real solenoid injector. In addition, effects of key parameters, such as thickness of cut-off of sleeve, cross-sectional shape of the coil and the relative position between the coil and plunger on the operating characteristics of the solenoid injector are investigated. The various thickness of cut-off of sleeve, coil’s cross-sectional shape and relative position with respect to the plunger are found to have a significant influence on the electromagnetic force of the solenoid injector. In other words, a large electromagnetic force along with an optimized response time can be easily obtained by changing the coil’s cross-sectional shape and relative position to the plunger.
TL;DR: In this paper, the response characteristics of the solenoid valve in depth were analyzed by means of computational fluid dynamics, and the aerodynamic parameters of the valve were analyzed using aerodynamic simulations.
Abstract: In order to analyze the response characteristics of the solenoid valve in depth, the flow field of the solenoid valve is analyzed by means of the computational fluid dynamics, and the aerodynamic p...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a new magnetometer calibration device using an active magnetic field compensation technique based on the base quantity of time rather than secondary standard field measurements. But the proposed arrangement can be used as a laboratory calibration device that monitors and compensates the ambient dc magnetic field in a magnetically quiet environment.
Abstract: This paper describes the development of a new magnetometer calibration device using an active magnetic field compensation technique based on the base quantity of time rather than secondary standard field measurements. The proposed arrangement can be used as a laboratory calibration device that monitors and compensates the ambient dc magnetic field in a magnetically quiet environment. Furthermore, it can be developed to serve as a laboratory primary standard since it is based on the measurement of a base quantity, such as time. The proposed technique is based on the fluxgate magnetization principle and the measurement of the time difference between the two successive output pulses. The laboratory arrangement consists of a long solenoid for 1-D applications, which may be extended to 2-D and 3-D using Helmholtz coils, and a microcontroller for fast signal processing operations, which evaluate and compensate the detected ambient magnetic field using a closed-loop control algorithm. The proposed arrangement is used to obtain the calibration curves of a commercial Hall and a custom-made fluxgate sensor.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors have carried out an excitation test of a small MgB2 coil immersed in liquid hydrogen (LH2) under an external magnetic field, and the critical characteristic of the solenoid coil was measured and a coil load line was obtained.
Abstract: We have been developing a liquid hydrogen (LH2) cooled superconducting energy apparatus, such as superconducting generator, SMES, and so on. An MgB2 superconductor whose critical temperature is 39 K is now developing for a practical use. It can be cooled by LH2 with a sufficient temperature margin. An MgB2 wire is expected to be used for superconducting equipment due to the low production cost and material cost. In order to design equipment using the MgB2 wire, we have carried out measurement tests of critical superconducting properties of MgB2 under LH2 cooling and investigation of heat transfer characteristics of LH2. There are few reports on the experimental results of a superconducting coil using a long MgB2 wire under the LH2 immersion cooling. In this study, we have carried out an excitation test of a small MgB2 coil immersed in LH2 under an external magnetic field. Tanaka et al. proposed that the test coil is a 529 turn solenoid coil with an inner diameter of 120 mm, an outer diameter of 190 mm, and a height of 41 mm, which was produced by the Wind and React method using a 300-m multifilament MgB2 wire (Hitachi Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan). The temperature of LH2 was changed from 21 K to 30 K and the external magnetic field was also applied up to 4.5 T. In the experiment, the critical characteristic of the solenoid coil was measured and a coil load line was obtained.
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental study of the coupled-transverse-dynamics aberration in an rf photoinjector and demonstrates its elimination by a quadrupole corrector consisting of a normal and a skew quadrupoles.
Abstract: The production of electron bunches with low transverse emittance approaches the thermal emittance of the photocathode as various aberrations are corrected. Recently, the coupled-transverse-dynamics aberration was theoretically identified as a significant source of emittance growth, and a corrector magnet was proposed for its elimination [Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 21, 010101 (2018)]. This aberration arises when the beam acquires an asymmetric distribution that is then rotated with respect to the transverse reference axis, thus introducing a correlation in the vertical and horizontal planes. The asymmetry is introduced by a weak quadrupole field in the rf gun or emittance compensation solenoid and the rotation is caused by the solenoid. This manuscript presents an experimental study of the coupled-transverse-dynamics aberration in an rf photoinjector and demonstrates its elimination by a quadrupole corrector consisting of a normal and a skew quadrupole. The experimental results agree well with theoretical predictions and numerical simulations, showing that the corrected emittance could reach the thermal value for an electron bunch with a low charge and a short length.
01 Sep 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, a 22kW three-phase wireless power transfer (WPT) system with six primary coils and six secondary coils is proposed, and the maximum efficiency of the proposed WPT system from a primary DC to a secondary DC side is 91.1% at an output power of 22 kW with a 400V constant voltage load.
Abstract: A 22-kW three-phase wireless power transfer (WPT) system with six primary coils and six secondary coils are proposed is developed in this paper. For the rapid charging of onboard batteries of electric vehicles (EVs), the output power of the WPT system should be increased. However, the increase of the WPT system may cause an increase in leakage magnetic flux. The leakage magnetic flux from the WPT system must comply with guidelines. The proposed WPT system with 12 solenoid coils, which are circularly placed, suppresses the leakage magnetic flux with two opposite solenoid coils which are differentially coupled. Moreover, the circularly placed coils cancel out the magnetic interference, which is caused by the coupling among the primary coils, and secondary coils. In this paper, first, the 22-kW three-phase WPT system is designed. Especially, the figure of coils, which achieves a minimum volume of the core, are determined with the cancellation capability of the magnetic interference. Then, the 22-kW WPT system is tested with a constant voltage load. The maximum efficiency of the proposed WPT system from a primary DC to a secondary DC side is 91.1% at an output power of 22 kW with a 400-V constant voltage load.
TL;DR: This work presents the design of a new family of phase gradient transmit coil based upon a solenoid twisted about a transverse axis, which significantly expand the capabilities of TRASE MRI.
TL;DR: In this article, the axial density of a 1.5 m long plasma chamber was analyzed with a movable solenoid pair and the results showed that the operating regime changes based on the degree of ion magnetisation under the antenna.
Abstract: Axial plasma density measurements in a 1.5 m long plasma chamber are presented for when the regions of high magnetic field and radio frequency heating are progressively separated using a movable solenoid pair. The results show that the operating regime changes based on the degree of ion magnetisation under the antenna. When ions are magnetized, electrons heated under the antenna are efficiently transported to the solenoids along a column defined by the magnetic field lines which connect to the antenna region. The cross section of this column decreases due to the converging magnetic field geometry, thereby increasing the density of electrons on the axis. This results in a density profile which is singly peaked and centered on the location of maximum magnetic field strength. When the ions are unmagnetised under the antenna, the flux of positive charges to the wall there is increased. Electrons streaming along field lines that intersect the radial wall in the antenna region are then more attracted to the antenna region to balance this flux. This affects the equilibrium conditions along the entire magnetic field line and results in less efficient transport of electrons heated by the antenna to the region of high magnetic field strength. In this regime, there is a global decrease in plasma density and the axial density profile is doubly peaked.Axial plasma density measurements in a 1.5 m long plasma chamber are presented for when the regions of high magnetic field and radio frequency heating are progressively separated using a movable solenoid pair. The results show that the operating regime changes based on the degree of ion magnetisation under the antenna. When ions are magnetized, electrons heated under the antenna are efficiently transported to the solenoids along a column defined by the magnetic field lines which connect to the antenna region. The cross section of this column decreases due to the converging magnetic field geometry, thereby increasing the density of electrons on the axis. This results in a density profile which is singly peaked and centered on the location of maximum magnetic field strength. When the ions are unmagnetised under the antenna, the flux of positive charges to the wall there is increased. Electrons streaming along field lines that intersect the radial wall in the antenna region are then more attracted to the ant...
16 May 2019
TL;DR: A high-resolution, noncontact fraction collector for liquid chromatography (LC) separations, allowing high- resolution fractionation in high-density well plates is described, based on a low-dead-volume solenoid valve operated at 1–30 Hz.
Abstract: We describe the development of a high-resolution, noncontact fraction collector for liquid chromatography (LC) separations, allowing high-resolution fractionation in high-density well plates. The device is based on a low-dead-volume solenoid valve operated at 1-30 Hz for accurate collection of fractions of equal volume. The solenoid valve was implemented in a modified autosampler resulting in the so-called FractioMate fractionator. The influence of the solenoid supply voltage on solvent release was determined and the effect of the frequency, flow rate, and mobile phase composition was studied. For this purpose, droplet release was visually assessed for a wide range of frequencies and flow rates, followed by quantitative evaluation of a selection of promising settings for highly accurate, repeatable, and stable fraction collection. The potential of the new fraction collector for LC-based bioactivity screening was demonstrated by fractionating the LC eluent of a mixture of estrogenic and androgenic compounds, and a surface water sample (blank and spiked with bioactives) combining mass spectrometric detection and two reporter gene assays for bioactivity detection of the fractions. Additionally, a mixture of two compounds was repeatedly LC separated and fractionated to assess the feasibility of the system for analyte isolation followed by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a fast and accurate model for such an irregular solenoid coil to calculate its inductance, capacitance, and, thus, the resonant frequency.
Abstract: A fast and accurate calculation of the resonant frequency of a solenoid coil is needed in many applications, e.g., wireless power transfer and magnetic resonance imaging. It helps to accelerate the design and optimization of a coil. However, the existing calculation models for the key equivalent parameters, the inductance ( $L$ ) and the capacitance ( $C$ ), of the solenoid coils can only provide estimations for standard tightly wound cylindrical coils, and the accuracy is not high. There are no accurate models available for calculating $L$ , $C$ , and the resonant frequency when a solenoid becomes irregular, e.g., when it is sparse (with a large pitch), when it has nonuniform pitches, or when it is noncylindrical. In this paper, we propose a fast and accurate model for such an irregular solenoid coil to calculate its inductance, capacitance, and, thus, the resonant frequency. The accuracy of the proposed model is tested on the solenoid coils (with large pitches, nonuniform pitches, or noncylindrical shape) by comparing the calculated results to those using commercial simulation software and the measurement results. For a sparsely wound solenoid, the proposed model provides an accurate calculation of the inductance with a maximal pitch-to-wire-diameter ratio of 40 (an error rate of 8.33% at this ratio). For a varied-pitch solenoid and a noncylindrical one, an error rate of less than 5% can be achieved for a calculation of the inductance.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the traditional AC loss assessment with an alternative experimental assessment made on a trapezoidal field change, which mimics the actual field change rate in the central solenoid of tokamaks during the plasma start-up.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the Aharonov-Bohm effect for steady magnetic fields in the presence of both magnetic and electric fields and found that the electric field arising out of the time-varying magnetic field in the path of the electrons does not enter the action integral, but only changes the trajectory of the electron from the source to the slits and then on to the detector.
TL;DR: An artificial olfactory system coupled with an odor generation system that can generate eight different odors and mix them in any composition and the uncertainty of the odor generating system is calculated.
Abstract: An artificial olfactory system coupled with an odor generation system is herein reported. The artificial olfactory system is composed of four chemical sensors consisting of quartz crystal microbalances (QCMs) coated with room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). The sensors are interrogated by four vector network analyzers, which are used to measure the series resonant frequency and motional resistance. The odor generation system can generate eight different odors and mix them in any composition. Solenoid valves are used to switch the path and control the concentration of the different odors before blending. Two algorithms to control the solenoid valves, delta-sigma modulator, and simple pulse width modulation (PWM) are studied, optimized, and compared. Finally, the uncertainty of the odor generating system is calculated.
01 Sep 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered the issues related to the modeling of the magnetic fields of a permanent magnet and current pulses, the processes of formation of ultrasonic torsion waves and reading.
Abstract: The article is dedicated to the studies of the output signal in magnetostrictive transducers of linear and angular displacements. The authors consider the issues related to the modeling of the magnetic fields of a permanent magnet and current pulses, the processes of formation of ultrasonic torsion waves and reading. The main purpose of the article is to simulate and research the output signal. Besides, modeling of an output signal of the magnetostrictive converter of movements and its experimental check at the author's laboratory stand is carried out. Also, reproduction signal shape research from magnet thickness were conducted with the fixed solenoid width along with the conduct of reproduction of signal amplitudes from the magnet width with the fixed width of the reproduction coil and from the internal radius of the solenoid at the fixed thickness of a permanent magnet and solenoid width. The results of the computational experiment showed that not only the amplitude of the output signal, but also its shape depends on the thickness of the permanent magnet. Also, studies showed that changing the inner radius of the solenoid is an inefficient way to increase the amplitude of the output signal. The analysis of the output signal received as a result of modeling and experimentally is completely confirmed by the results of theoretical research.
TL;DR: In this paper, the minimum temperature margin of the JT-60SA CS coil in the standard (pulsed) operation scenario, with 5.5 MA plasma current and 75 s flattop, is computed using the 4C code for different values of the coupling time constant n τ.
Abstract: The minimum temperature margin of the JT-60SA CS coil in the standard (pulsed) operation scenario, with 5.5 MA plasma current and 75 s flattop, is computed using the state-of-the-art 4C code for different values of the coupling time constant n τ. The margin is >1 K, provided n τ < 130 ms.
TL;DR: The LEPS2 solenoid spectrometer as mentioned in this paper has been used to study quark-nuclear physics via photo-production of hadrons in two high-energy photon beamlines.
Abstract: Two high-energy photon beamlines, LEPS and LEPS2, have been operated at SPring-8. In both beamlines, linearly polarized photon beams up to 2.9 GeV produced by laser-induced backward Compton scattering from 8 GeV electrons have been used to study quark-nuclear physics via the photo-production of hadrons. In this article, I present some recent results from LEPS including the coherent o photoproduction from 4 He and γp → π − Δ++ reaction, and report on the current status of the developments of the LEPS2 solenoid spectrometer.