M
Matthias Leuthold
Researcher at RWTH Aachen University
Publications - 84
Citations - 6555
Matthias Leuthold is an academic researcher from RWTH Aachen University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Neutrino & Neutrino detector. The author has an hindex of 36, co-authored 84 publications receiving 6386 citations. Previous affiliations of Matthias Leuthold include Southwest Bahia State University.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with nearby extragalactic objects.
J. Abraham,P. Abreu,Marco Aglietta,C. Aguirre,D. Allard,I. Allekotte,J. Allen,Patrick Allison,C. Alvarez,Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz,M. Ambrosio,Luis A. Anchordoqui,Luis A. Anchordoqui,Sofia Andringa,A. Anzalone,Carla Aramo,Stefano Argiro,K. Arisaka,E. Armengaud,F. Arneodo,F. Arqueros,T. Asch,Hernán Gonzalo Asorey,Pedro Assis,B. S. Atulugama,Julien Aublin,M. Ave,G. Avila,T. Bäcker,Daniel Omar Badagnani,A. F. Barbosa,D. Barnhill,S. L.C. Barroso,Pablo M. Bauleo,J. J. Beatty,Tristan Beau,B. R. Becker,K.-H. Becker,Jose A. Bellido,Segev BenZvi,Corinne Berat,T. Bergmann,P. Bernardini,Xavier Bertou,Peter L. Biermann,Pierre Billoir,O. Blanch-Bigas,Francisco J. Blanco,P. Blasi,C. Bleve,H. Blümer,Martina Bohacova,Carla Bonifazi,R. Bonino,M. Boratav,Jeffrey Brack,Pedro Brogueira,W. C. Brown,Peter Buchholz,Antonio Bueno,N. Busca,Karen S. Caballero-Mora,Bei Cai,D. V. Camin,Rossella Caruso,Wagner Carvalho,Antonella Castellina,Onofrio A. Catalano,G. Cataldi,L. Cazon-Boado,R. Cester,J. Chauvin,A. Chiavassa,Jose Chinellato,A. Chou,A. Chou,J. Chye,P. Clark,Roger W Clay,E. Colombo,Rúben Conceição,B.M. Connolly,Fernando Contreras,J. Coppens,A. Cordier,U. Cotti,S. Coutu,Corbin Covault,A. Creusot,J. W. Cronin,S. Dagoret-Campagne,Kai Daumiller,Bruce R. Dawson,R. M. de Almeida,C. De Donato,S. J. De Jong,G. De La Vega,W. J. M. de Mello Junior,J. R. T. de Mello Neto,I. De Mitri,V. de Souza,L. del Peral,Olivier Deligny,A. Della Selva,C. Delle Fratte,H. Dembinski,C. Di Giulio,J. C. Diaz,Carola Dobrigkeit,Juan Carlos D'Olivo,D. Dornic,A. Dorofeev,J. C. dos Anjos,M. T. Dova,D. D'Urso,Michael DuVernois,Ralph Engel,Luis N. Epele,Martin Erdmann,Carlos Escobar,A. Etchegoyen,P. Facal San Luis,Heino Falcke,G. Farrar,A. C. Fauth,N. Fazzini,A. Fernandez,Francesc Ferrer,S. Ferry,Brian Fick,Alberto Filevich,A. Filipčič,Ivor Fleck,R. Fonte,C. E. Fracchiolla,W. Fulgione,B. García,D. García Gámez,D. Garcia-Pinto,X. Garrido,Heiko Geenen,Graciela B. Gelmini,H. Gemmeke,P. L. Ghia,M. Giller,Henry Glass,M. S. Gold,G. Golup,F. Gomez Albarracin,M. Gómez Berisso,R. Gómez Herrero,Paulo J. S. Gonçalves,M. Gonçalves do Amaral,Daniel Gonzalez,J. G. Gonzalez,M. González,Dariusz Gora,Dariusz Gora,A. Gorgi,P. Gouffon,V. Grassi,A. A. Grillo,C. Grunfeld,Y. Guardincerri,F. Guarino,G. P. Guedes,J. Gutiérrez,J. D. Hague,Jean Christophe Hamilton,Peter Hansen,D. Harari,S. Harmsma,J. L. Harton,J. L. Harton,A. Haungs,T. Hauschildt,M. D. Healy,Thomas Hebbeker,D. Heck,C. Hojvat,V. C. Holmes,Piotr Homola,Jörg R. Hörandel,A. Horneffer,M. Horvat,M. Hrabovsky,Tim Huege,Marco Iarlori,A. Insolia,F. Ionita,A. Italiano,M. Kaducak,Karl-Heinz Kampert,B. Keilhauer,E. Kemp,R. M. Kieckhafer,H.O. Klages,M. Kleifges,J. Kleinfeller,R. Knapik,J. Knapp,D. H. Koang,Andreas Kopmann,A. Krieger,O. Krömer,Daniel Kümpel,N. Kunka,Alexander Kusenko,G. La Rosa,C. Lachaud,B. L. Lago,D. Lebrun,P. Le Brun,John K. Lee,M. A. Leigui de Oliveira,A. Letessier-Selvon,Matthias Leuthold,I. Lhenry-Yvon,R. López,A. Lopez Agüera,J. Lozano Bahilo,Maria Concetta Maccarone,C. Macolino,S. Maldera,Magdalena Malek,G. Mancarella,M. E. Mancenido,Dusan Mandat,P. Mantsch,A. G. Mariazzi,Ioana Codrina Maris,D. Martello,José Eduardo Martinez,O. Martínez Bravo,H. J. Mathes,John Matthews,John Matthews,J. A.J. Matthews,G. Matthiae,D. Maurizio,P.O. Mazur,Thomas McCauley,M. Mcewen,R. R. McNeil,M. C. Medina,G. Medina-Tanco,A. Meli,D. Melo,E. Menichetti,A. Menschikov,C. Meurer,R. Meyhandan,M. I. Micheletti,Gennaro Miele,Warner A. Miller,Silvia Mollerach,M. Monasor,M. Monasor,D. Monnier Ragaigne,François Montanet,B. Morales,C. Morello,E. Moreno,Juan Moreno,Christopher Morris,Miguel Mostafa,Marcio Aparecido Muller,R. Mussa,G. Navarra,J. L. Navarro,S. Sánchez Navas,L. Nellen,Catherine Newman-Holmes,D. Newton,D. Newton,T. Nguyen Thi,N. Nierstenhöfer,D. Nitz,D. Nosek,L. Nozka,J. Oehlschläger,T. Ohnuki,Angela V. Olinto,V. M. Olmos-Gilbaja,M.E. Ortiz,S. Ostapchenko,L. Otero,D. Pakk Selmi-Dei,M. Palatka,Johanna A. Pallotta,G. Parente,E. Parizot,S. Parlati,Sergio Pastor,M. Patel,T. Paul,Vasiliki Pavlidou,K. Payet,Miroslav Pech,J. Pçkala,Rodrigo Pelayo,Iuri Muniz Pepe,L. Perrone,S. Petrera,P. Petrinca,Y. Petrov,DiepPham Ngoc,DongPham Ngoc,T. N. Pham Thi,A. Pichel,R. Piegaia,T. Pierog,M. Pimenta,T. Pinto,V. Pirronello,Ofelia Pisanti,M. Platino,J. Pochon,T. A. Porter,Paolo Privitera,Michael Prouza,E. J. Quel,J. Rautenberg,S. Reucroft,B. Revenu,F. A. S. Rezende,J. Rídky,S. Riggi,Markus Risse,Colas Rivière,Vincenzo Rizi,M. Roberts,C. Robledo,G. Rodriguez,D. Rodríguez Frías,J. Rodríguez Martino,J. Rodriguez Rojo,I. Rodriguez-Cabo,German Ros,German Ros,Jaime Rosado,Markus Roth,B. Rouillé-d'Orfeuil,Esteban Roulet,A. C. Rovero,F. Salamida,Humberto Ibarguen Salazar,G. Salina,F. Sánchez,Marcos Santander,C. E. Santo,E. M. Santos,F. Sarazin,Subir Sarkar,R. Sato,V. Scherini,H. Schieler,Fabian Schmidt,T. Schmidt,Olaf Scholten,Petr Schovanek,F. Schüssler,S. J. Sciutto,Mario Scuderi,A. Segreto,D.V. Semikoz,Mariangela Settimo,R. C. Shellard,Iván Sidelnik,Beatriz B. Siffert,Günter Sigl,N. Smetniansky De Grande,A. Smialkowski,Radomir Smida,A. G. K. Smith,B. E. Smith,Gregory R Snow,Pierre Sokolsky,Paul Sommers,J. Sorokin,H. M. Spinka,H. M. Spinka,R. Squartini,E. Strazzeri,A. Stutz,Federico Suarez,T. Suomijärvi,A. D. Supanitsky,M. S. Sutherland,J. D. Swain,Z. Szadkowski,J. Takahashi,A. Tamashiro,A. Tamburro,O. Tascau,R. Tcaciuc,D. Thomas,R. Ticona,Javier Tiffenberg,Charles Timmermans,W. Tkaczyk,C. J. Todero Peixoto,B. Tome,A. Tonachini,D. Torresi,Petr Travnicek,A. K. Tripathi,G. Tristram,D. Tscherniakhovski,Matias Tueros,V. Tunnicliffe,Ralf Ulrich,M. Unger,M. Urban,J. F. Valdés Galicia,I. Valiño,L. Valore,A.M. van den Berg,V. Van Elewyck,R. A. Vázquez,Darko Veberič,Alejandro Luis Veiga,Antonio Velarde,Tonia M. Venters,V. Verzi,M. Videla,L. Villaseñor,Serguei Vorobiov,L. Voyvodic,Hernan Wahlberg,O. Wainberg,T. Waldenmaier,P. Walker,D. Warner,Alan Watson,S. Westerhoff,G. Wieczorek,L. R. Wiencke,B. Wilczynska,H. Wilczyński,C. Wileman,M. G. Winnick,H. Wu,B. Wundheiler,J. Xu,T. Yamamoto,P. Younk,Enrique Zas,D. Zavrtanik,M. Zavrtanik,A. Zech,A. Zepeda,M. Ziolkowski +452 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate that there is a correlation between the arrival directions of cosmic rays with energy above 6 x 10{sup 19} eV and the positions of active galactic nuclei lying within 75 Mpc.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optical properties of deep glacial ice at the South Pole
Markus Ackermann,J. Ahrens,Xinhua Bai,M. Bartelt,S. W. Barwick,R. C. Bay,T. Becka,J. K. Becker,K.-H. Becker,P. Berghaus,Elisa Bernardini,D. Bertrand,D. J. Boersma,S. Böser,Olga Botner,Adam Bouchta,Othmane Bouhali,C.P. Burgess,T. Burgess,T. Castermans,Dmitry Chirkin,B. Collin,Jan Conrad,Jodi Cooley,D. F. Cowen,Anna Davour,C. De Clercq,C.P. de los Heros,Paolo Desiati,Tyce DeYoung,P. Ekström,T. Feser,Thomas K. Gaisser,R. Ganugapati,Heiko Geenen,L. Gerhardt,A. Goldschmidt,Axel Groß,Allan Hallgren,Francis Halzen,Kael Hanson,D. Hardtke,Torsten Harenberg,T. Hauschildt,K. Helbing,M. Hellwig,P. Herquet,G. C. Hill,Joseph T. Hodges,D. Hubert,B. Hughey,P. O. Hulth,K. Hultqvist,S. Hundertmark,Janet Jacobsen,Karl-Heinz Kampert,Albrecht Karle,M. Kestel,G. Kohnen,L. Köpke,Marek Kowalski,K. Kuehn,R. Lang,H. Leich,Matthias Leuthold,I. Liubarsky,Johan Lundberg,James Madsen,Pawel Marciniewski,H. S. Matis,C. P. McParland,T. Messarius,Y. Minaeva,P. Miocinovic,R. Morse,K. Münich,R. Nahnhauer,J. W. Nam,T. Neunhöffer,P. Niessen,D. R. Nygren,Ph. Olbrechts,A. C. Pohl,R. Porrata,P. B. Price,Gerald Przybylski,K. Rawlins,Elisa Resconi,Wolfgang Rhode,M. Ribordy,S. Richter,J. Rodríguez Martino,H. G. Sander,S. Schlenstedt,David A. Schneider,R. Schwarz,A. Silvestri,M. Solarz,Glenn Spiczak,Christian Spiering,Michael Stamatikos,D. Steele,P. Steffen,R. G. Stokstad,K. H. Sulanke,Ignacio Taboada,O. Tarasova,L. Thollander,S. Tilav,Wolfgang Wagner,C. Walck,M. Walter,Yi Wang,C. H. Wiebusch,R. Wischnewski,H. Wissing,Kurt Woschnagg +116 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used pulsed and continuous light sources embedded with the AMANDA neutrino telescope, an array of more than six hundred photomultiplier tubes buried deep in the ice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of the suppression of the flux of cosmic rays above 4x10(19) eV
J. Abraham,P. Abreu,Marco Aglietta,C. Aguirre,D. Allard,I. Allekotte,J. Allen,Patrick Allison,Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz,M. Ambrosio,Luis A. Anchordoqui,Luis A. Anchordoqui,Sofia Andringa,A. Anzalone,Carla Aramo,Stefano Argiro,K. Arisaka,E. Armengaud,F. Arneodo,F. Arqueros,T. Asch,Hernán Gonzalo Asorey,Pedro Assis,B. S. Atulugama,Julien Aublin,Julien Aublin,M. Ave,Gualberto Avila,T. Bäcker,Daniel Omar Badagnani,Daniel Omar Badagnani,A. F. Barbosa,D. Barnhill,S. L. C. Barroso,B. M. Baughman,P. Bauleo,J. J. Beatty,Tristan Beau,B. R. Becker,K.-H. Becker,Jose A. Bellido,Segev BenZvi,Corinne Berat,T. Bergmann,P. Bernardini,Xavier Bertou,Peter L. Biermann,Pierre Billoir,Pierre Billoir,O. Blanch-Bigas,O. Blanch-Bigas,Francisco J. Blanco,P. Blasi,C. Bleve,H. Blu Mer,Martina Bohacova,Carla Bonifazi,Carla Bonifazi,R. Bonino,Jeffrey Brack,P. Brogueira,W. C. Brown,Peter Buchholz,Antonio Bueno,R. E. Burton,N. G. Busca,Karen S. Caballero-Mora,Bei Cai,D. V. Camin,L. Caramete,Rossella Caruso,Rossella Caruso,Wagner Carvalho,Antonella Castellina,Antonella Castellina,Onofrio A. Catalano,G. Cataldi,Lorenzo Cazon,R. Cester,J. Chauvin,A. Chiavassa,Jose Chinellato,A. Chou,A. Chou,Jiri Chudoba,J. Chye,P. Clark,Roger W Clay,E. Colombo,Rúben Conceição,B. Connolly,Fernando Contreras,J. Coppens,A. Cordier,U. Cotti,S. Coutu,Corbin Covault,A. Creusot,A. Criss,J. W. Cronin,A. Curutiu,S. Dagoret-Campagne,Kai Daumiller,Bruce R. Dawson,R. M. de Almeida,C. De Donato,S. J. De Jong,G. De La Vega,W. J. M. de Mello Junior,J. R. T. de Mello Neto,J. R. T. de Mello Neto,I. De Mitri,V. de Souza,L. del Peral,Olivier Deligny,A. Della Selva,C. Delle Fratte,H. Dembinski,C. Di Giulio,J. C. Diaz,Pham Ngoc Diep,Carola Dobrigkeit,Juan Carlos D'Olivo,P. N. Dong,D. Dornic,A. Dorofeev,J. C. dos Anjos,Maria-Teresa Dova,Maria-Teresa Dova,D. D'Urso,I. Dutan,Michael DuVernois,Ralph Engel,Luis N. Epele,Luis N. Epele,Carlos Escobar,A. Etchegoyen,P. Facal San Luis,Heino Falcke,Heino Falcke,G. Farrar,A. C. Fauth,N. Fazzini,Francesc Ferrer,A. Ferrero,Brian Fick,Alberto Filevich,A. Filipcic,Ivor Fleck,C. E. Fracchiolla,W. Fulgione,B. García,D. García Gámez,D. Garcia-Pinto,X. Garrido,Heiko Geenen,Graciela B. Gelmini,H. Gemmeke,P. L. Ghia,P. L. Ghia,Maria Giller,H. Glass,M. Gold,Geraldina Golup,F. Gomez Albarracin,F. Gomez Albarracin,M. Gómez Berisso,Paulo J. S. Gonçalves,M. Gonçalves do Amaral,Daniel Gonzalez,J. G. Gonzalez,M. Gonzalez,Dariusz Gora,A. Gorgi,P. Gouffon,V. Grassi,Alexander Grillo,C. Grunfeld,C. Grunfeld,Y. Guardincerri,F. Guarino,G. P. Guedes,J. Gutiérrez,J. D. Hague,V. Halenka,J. C. Hamilton,Peter Hansen,Peter Hansen,Diego Harari,S. Harmsma,J. L. Harton,J. L. Harton,A. Haungs,T. Hauschildt,M. D. Healy,Thomas Hebbeker,G. Hebrero,D. Heck,C. Hojvat,V. C. Holmes,Piotr Homola,Jörg R. Hörandel,A. Horneffer,Miroslav Hrabovsky,T. Huege,M. Hussain,M. Iarlori,A. Insolia,A. Insolia,F. Ionita,A. Italiano,A. Italiano,M. Kaducak,K. H. Kampert,T. Karova,P. H. Kasper,Balázs Kégl,B. Keilhauer,E. Kemp,R. M. Kieckhafer,H.O. Klages,M. Kleifges,J. Kleinfeller,R. Knapik,J. Knapp,D. H. Koang,A. Krieger,O. Kroemer,Daniel Kuempel,N. Kunka,Alexander Kusenko,G. La Rosa,C. Lachaud,B. L. Lago,D. Lebrun,P. Lebrun,John K. Lee,M. A. Leigui de Oliveira,A. Letessier-Selvon,A. Letessier-Selvon,Matthias Leuthold,I. Lhenry-Yvon,R. López,A. Lopez Agüera,J. Lozano Bahilo,A. Lucero,R. Luna García,M. C. Maccarone,C. Macolino,S. Maldera,G. Mancarella,M. E. Mancenido,M. E. Mancenido,Dusan Mandat,P. Mantsch,A. G. Mariazzi,A. G. Mariazzi,Ioana Codrina Maris,H. R. Marquez Falcon,D. Martello,José Eduardo Martinez,O. Martínez Bravo,H. J. Mathes,J. Matthews,J. A.J. Matthews,G. Matthiae,D. Maurizio,P.O. Mazur,Thomas McCauley,M. Mcewen,R. R. McNeil,M. C. Medina,G. Medina-Tanco,D. Melo,E. Menichetti,A. Menschikov,C. Meurer,R. Meyhandan,M. I. Micheletti,Gennaro Miele,Warner A. Miller,Silvia Mollerach,M. Monasor,D. Monnier Ragaigne,François Montanet,B. Morales,C. Morello,Juan Moreno,Christopher Morris,Miguel Mostafa,Marcio Aparecido Muller,R. Mussa,G. Navarra,J. L. Navarro,S. Navas,P. Necesal,L. Nellen,Catherine Newman-Holmes,D. Newton,P. T. Nhung,N. Nierstenhoefer,D. Nitz,D. Nosek,Libor Nozka,J. Oehlschlaeger,T. Ohnuki,Angela V. Olinto,V. M. Olmos-Gilbaja,M.E. Ortiz,Fabrizio Ortolani,S. Ostapchenko,L. Otero,N. Pacheco,D. Pakk Selmi-Dei,M. Palatka,J. Pallotta,G. Parente,E. Parizot,S. Parlati,Sergio Pastor,M. Patel,T. Paul,Vasiliki Pavlidou,K. Payet,Miroslav Pech,J. Pekala,Rodrigo Pelayo,Iuri Muniz Pepe,L. Perrone,R. Pesce,R. Pesce,S. Petrera,P. Petrinca,Y. Petrov,A. Pichel,R. Piegaia,T. Pierog,M. Pimenta,T. Pinto,V. Pirronello,Ofelia Pisanti,M. Platino,J. Pochon,Paolo Privitera,Paolo Privitera,M. Prouza,E. J. Quel,J. Rautenberg,A. Redondo,S. Reucroft,B. Revenu,F. A. S. Rezende,J. Ridky,S. Riggi,Markus Risse,Colas Rivière,Vincenzo Rizi,M. Roberts,C. Robledo,G. Rodriguez,J. Rodriguez Martino,J. Rodriguez Martino,J. Rodriguez Rojo,I. Rodriguez-Cabo,M. D. Rodríguez-Frías,German Ros,German Ros,Jaime Rosado,Markus Roth,B. Rouillé-d'Orfeuil,Esteban Roulet,A. C. Rovero,F. Salamida,Humberto Ibarguen Salazar,G. Salina,F. Sánchez,Marcos Santander,C. E. Santo,E. M. Santos,F. Sarazin,Subir Sarkar,R. Sato,V. Scherini,H. Schieler,A. Schmidt,Fabian Schmidt,T. Schmidt,Olaf Scholten,Petr Schovanek,F. Schroeder,S. Schulte,F. Schuessler,S. J. Sciutto,S. J. Sciutto,Mario Scuderi,Mario Scuderi,A. Segreto,D. V. Semikoz,Mariangela Settimo,R. C. Shellard,Iván Sidelnik,Beatriz B. Siffert,Günter Sigl,N. Smetniansky De Grande,A. Smialkowski,Radomir Smida,A. G. K. Smith,B. E. Smith,Gregory R Snow,Pierre Sokolsky,Paul Sommers,J. Sorokin,H. M. Spinka,R. Squartini,E. Strazzeri,A. Stutz,Federico Suarez,T. Suomijaervi,A. D. Supanitsky,M. S. Sutherland,J. D. Swain,Z. Szadkowski,Jun Takahashi,A. Tamashiro,A. Tamburro,T. Tarutina,T. Tarutina,O. Tascau,R. Tcaciuc,N. T. Thao,D. Thomas,R. Ticona,Javier Tiffenberg,Charles Timmermans,W. Tkaczyk,C. J. Todero Peixoto,B. Tome,A. Tonachini,I. Torres,Petr Travnicek,A. K. Tripathi,G. Tristram,D. Tscherniakhovski,V. Tuci,Matias Tueros,Matias Tueros,V. Tunnicliffe,Ralf Ulrich,M. Unger,Michael Urban,J. F. Valdés Galicia,I. Valiño,L. Valore,van den Ad M Berg,V. Van Elewyck,R. A. Vázquez,Darko Veberič,Alejandro Luis Veiga,Antonio Velarde,Tonia M. Venters,V. Verzi,M. Videla,L. Villaseñor,Serguei Vorobiov,L. Voyvodic,Hernan Wahlberg,Hernan Wahlberg,P. Wahrlich,O. Wainberg,P. Walker,D. Warner,Alan Watson,S. Westerhoff,G. Wieczorek,L. R. Wiencke,B. Wilczynska,H. Wilczyński,C. Wileman,M. G. Winnick,H. Wu,B. Wundheiler,T. Yamamoto,P. Younk,Enrique Zas,D. Zavrtanik,M. Zavrtanik,I. Zaw,Arnulfo Zepeda,M. Ziolkowski +488 more
TL;DR: The energy spectrum of cosmic rays above 2.5 x 10;{18} eV, derived from 20,000 events recorded at the Pierre Auger Observatory, is described and the hypothesis of a single power law is rejected with a significance greater than 6 standard deviations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with the positions of nearby active galactic nuclei
J. Abraham,P. Abreu,Marco Aglietta,Marco Aglietta,C. Aguirre,D. Allard,Ingomar Allekotte,J. Allen,Patrick Allison,Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz,M. Ambrosio,Luis A. Anchordoqui,Sofia Andringa,A. Anzalone,C. Aramo,Stefano Argiro,Stefano Argiro,K. Arisaka,E. Armengaud,F. Arneodo,F. Arqueros,T. Asch,Hernán Asorey,Pedro Assis,B. S. Atulugama,Julien Aublin,Julien Aublin,M. Ave,Gualberto Avila,T. Baecker,Daniel Omar Badagnani,A. F. Barbosa,D. Barnhill,S. L. C. Barroso,P. Bauleo,J. J. Beatty,Tristan Beau,B. R. Becker,K. H. Becker,Jose A. Bellido,Segev BenZvi,C. Berat,T. Bergmann,P. Bernardini,Xavier Bertou,Peter L. Biermann,P. Billoir,O. Blanch-Bigas,O. Blanch-Bigas,Francisco J. Blanco,P. Blasi,C. Bleve,H. Bluemer,Martina Bohacova,Carla Bonifazi,Carla Bonifazi,R. Bonino,Jeffrey Brack,P. Brogueira,W. C. Brown,Peter Buchholz,Antonio Bueno,R. E. Burton,N. G. Busca,Karen S. Caballero-Mora,Bei Cai,D. V. Camin,D. V. Camin,L. Caramete,Rossella Caruso,Rossella Caruso,Wagner Carvalho,Antonella Castellina,Osvaldo Catalano,G. Cataldi,Lorenzo Cazon,R. Cester,R. Cester,J. Chauvin,A. Chiavassa,Jose Chinellato,A. Chou,J. Chye,Roger W Clay,E. Colombo,Rúben Conceição,B. Connolly,Fernando Contreras,J. Coppens,A. Cordier,U. Cotti,S. Coutu,Corbin Covault,A. Creusot,A. Criss,J. W. Cronin,A. Curutiu,S. Dagoret-Campagne,Kai Daumiller,Bruce R. Dawson,R. M. de Almeida,C. De Donato,S. J. de Jong Bg,G. De La Vega,W. J. M. de Mello,J. R. T. de Mello Neto,I. De Mitri,V. de Souza,L. del Peral,Olivier Deligny,A. Della Selva,C. Delle Fratte,H. Dembinski,C. Di Giulio,J. S. Díaz,Pham Ngoc Diep,Carola Dobrigkeit,Juan Carlos D'Olivo,P. N. Dong,D. Dornic,A. Dorofeev,J. C. dos Anjos,Maria-Teresa Dova,Maria-Teresa Dova,D. D'Urso,I. Dutan,Michael DuVernois,Ralph Engel,Luis N. Epele,Luis N. Epele,Carlos Escobar,Alberto Etchegoyen,P. Facal San Luis,Heino Falcke,Glennys R. Farrar,Anderson Fauth,Norberto Fazzini,Francesc Ferrer,S. Ferry,Brian Fick,A. Filevich,A. Filipcic,A. Filipcic,Ivor Fleck,C. E. Fracchiolla,W. Fulgione,Beatriz García,D. Garcia Gaimez,D. Garcia-Pinto,X. Garrido,Heiko Geenen,Graciela B. Gelmini,H. Gemmeke,Piera Luisa Ghia,Piera Luisa Ghia,Piera Luisa Ghia,Maria Giller,H. Glass,M. S. Gold,Geraldina Golup,F. Gomez Albarracin,F. Gomez Albarracin,M. Gómez Berisso,R. Gómez Herrero,Paulo J. S. Gonçalves,M. Gonçalves do Amaral,Daniel Gonzalez,J. G. Gonzalezc,M. Gonzalez,Dariusz Gora,A. Gorgi,A. Gorgi,P. Gouffon,V. Grassi,Alexander Grillo,C. Grunfeld,Y. Guardincerri,Fausto Guarino,Fausto Guarino,Germano Guedes,J. Gutiérrez,J. D. Hague,J. C. Hamilton,Peter Hansen,Diego Harari,S. Harmsma,John L. Harton,A. Haungs,T. Hauschildt,M. D. Healy,Thomas Hebbeker,G. Hebrero,Dieter Heck,Carlos Hojvat,V. C. Holmes,Piotr Homola,J. Hoerandel,A. Horneffer,M. Horvat,Miroslav Hrabovsky,Tim Huege,M. Hussain,M. Larlori,Antonio Insolia,F. Ionita,A. Italiano,A. Italiano,M. Kaducak,Karl-Heinz Kampert,T. Karova,Balázs Kégl,Bianca Keilhauer,Ernesto Kemp,R. M. Kieckhafer,Hans Klages,Matthias Kleifges,Jonny Kleinfeller,R. Knapik,J. Knapp,V. H. Koanga,A. Krieger,O. Kroemer,Daniel Kuempel,Norbert Kunka,Alexander Kusenko,G. La Rosa,C. Lachaud,B. L. Lago,D. Lebrun,Ph. Lebrun,John K. Lee,M. A. Leigui de Oliveira,R. López,Antoine Letessier-Selvon,Matthias Leuthold,I. Lhenry-Yvon,A. Lopez Agüera,J. J. Lozano Bahilo,R. Luna García,M. C. Maccarone,C. Macolino,S. Maldera,G. Mancarella,M. E. Mancenido,M. E. Mancenido,D. Mandatat,Paul M. Mantsch,A. G. Mariazzi,A. G. Mariazzi,Ioana Codrina Maris,H. R. Marquez Falcon,D. Martello,J. Martinez,O. Martínez Bravo,Hermann-Josef Mathes,J. Matthews,J. Matthews,G. Matthiae,D. Maurizio,D. Maurizio,Peter Mazur,Thomas McCauley,M. Mcewen,R. R. McNeil,M. C. Medina,Gustavo Medina-Tanco,A. Meli,D. Melo,E. Menichetti,E. Menichetti,A. Menschikov,C. Meurer,R. Meyhandan,M. I. Micheletti,G. Miele,Warner A. Miller,Silvia Mollerach,M. Monasor,D. Monnier Ragaigne,F. Montanet,B. Morales,C. Morello,Juan Moreno,Juan Moreno,Christopher Morris,Christopher Morris,Miguel Mostafá,Marcio Aparecido Muller,R. Mussa,R. Mussa,G. Navarra,G. Navarra,J. L. Navarro,J. L. Navarro,S. Navas,P. Necesal,Lukas Nellen,Catherine Newman-Holmes,D. Newton,D. Newton,D. Newton,P. T. Nhung,N. Nierstenhoefer,D. Nitz,D. Nosek,Libor Nozka,J. Oehlschlaeger,T. Ohnuki,Angela V. Olinto,V. M. Olmos-Gilbaja,M. Ortiz,Fabrizio Ortolani,S. Ostapchenko,L. Otero,N. Pacheco,D. Pakk Selmi-Dei,Miroslav Palatka,J. Pallotta,G. Parente,E. Parizot,S. Parlati,Sergio Pastor,M. Patel,T. Paul,Vasiliki Pavlidou,K. Payet,Miroslav Pech,Jan Pękala,Rodrigo Pelayo,I. M. Pepe,L. Perrone,Sergio Petrera,P. Petrinca,P. Petrinca,Y. Petrov,A. Pichel,Ricardo Piegaia,Tanguy Pierog,M. Pimenta,T. Pinto,Valerio Pirronello,Valerio Pirronello,O. Pisanti,M. Platino,J. Pochon,Paolo Privitera,M. Prouza,E. J. Quel,J. Rautenberg,A. Redondo,S. Reucroft,B. Revenu,F. A. S. Rezende,Jan Ridky,S. Riggi,S. Riggi,Markus Risse,C. Riviere,Vincenzo Rizi,M. Roberts,C. Robledo,G. Rodriguez,J. Rodríguez Martino,J. Rodriguez Rojo,I. Rodriguez-Cabo,M. D. Rodriguez-Frias,German Ros,Jaime Rosado,Markus Roth,B. Rouillé-D’Orfeuil,Esteban Roulet,A. C. Roverok,F. Salamida,Humberto Ibarguen Salazar,Gaetano Salina,F. Sánchez,Marcos Santander,C. E. Santo,E. M. Santos,E. M. Santos,Fred Sarazin,Subir Sarkar,R. Sato,V. Scherini,H. Schieler,Alexander Schmidt,F. Schmidt,T. Schmidt,Olaf Scholten,Olaf Scholten,Petr Schovanek,F. Schuessler,Sergio Sciutto,Sergio Sciutto,M. Scuderi,A. Segreto,D. Semikoz,M. Settimo,R. C. Shellard,Iván Sidelnik,Beatriz B. Siffert,Guenter Sigl,N. Smetniansky De Grande,A. Smialkowski,Radomir Smida,A. G. K. Smith,B. E. Smith,Gregory R Snow,Pierre Sokolsky,Paul Sommers,J. Sorokin,H. M. Spinka,R. Squartini,E. Strazzeri,E. Strazzeri,A. Stutz,Federico Suarez,Federico Suarez,T. Suomijarvi,A. D. Supanitsky,M. S. Sutherland,John Swain,Zbigniew Szadkowski,J. Takahashi,A. Tamashiro,A. Tamburro,O. Tascau,R. Tcaciuc,N. T. Thao,D. Thomas,R. Ticona,Javier Tiffenberg,C. J.W.P. Timmermans,W. Tkaczyk,C. J. Todero Peixoto,B. Tome,A. Tonachini,I. Torres,Petr Travnicek,A. K. Tripathi,G. Tristram,D. Tscherniakhovski,Matias Tueros,Ralf Ulrich,M. Unger,Martin Urban,J. F. Valdés Galicia,I. Valiño,L. Valore,A. M. van den Berg,V. Van Elewyck,Ricardo Vázquez,Darko Veberič,Alejandro Luis Veiga,Alejandro Luis Veiga,Antonio Velarde,T. Venters,T. Venters,V. Verzi,M. Videla,L. Villaseñor,S. Vorobiov,L. Voyvodic,H. Wahlberg,O. Wainberg,D. Warner,Alan Watson,S. Westerhoff,G. Wieczorek,L. R. Wiencke,B. Wilczynska,Henryk Wilczyński,C. Wileman,M. G. Winnick,H. Wu,B. Wundheiler,T. Yamamoto,P. Younk,Enrique Zas,Danilo Zavrtanik,M. Zavrtanik,A. Zech,Arnulfo Zepeda,M. Ziolkowski +483 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Pierre Auger Observatory data was used to confirm the anisotropy of the arrival direction of the highest-energy cosmic rays with the highest energy, which are correlated with the positions of relatively nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN) at a confidence level of more than 99%.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
J. Abraham,P. Abreu,Marco Aglietta,C. Aguirre,Eun-Joo Ahn,D. Allard,Ingomar Allekotte,J. Allen,Patrick Allison,J. Alvarez-Muiz,M. Ambrosio,Luis A. Anchordoqui,Sofia Andringa,A. Anzalone,C. Aramo,Ernesto Arganda,S. Argir,K. Arisaka,F. Arneodo,F. Arqueros,T. Asch,Hernán Asorey,Pedro Assis,Julien Aublin,M. Ave,Gualberto Avila,A. Bacher,T. Bcker,Daniel Omar Badagnani,K. B. Barber,A. F. Barbosa,H. J. M. Barbosa,N. Barenthien,S. L.C. Barroso,B. M. Baughman,P. Bauleo,J. J. Beatty,Tristan Beau,B. R. Becker,K. H. Becker,A. Belltoile,Jose A. Bellido,Jose A. Bellido,Segev BenZvi,Corinne Berat,P. Bernardini,Xavier Bertou,Peter L. Biermann,Pierre Billoir,O. Blanch-Bigas,Francisco J. Blanco,C. Bleve,H. Blmer,M. Bohov,M. Bohov,E. Bollmann,H. Bolz,Carla Bonifazi,R. Bonino,Nataliia Borodai,F. Bracci,Jeffrey Brack,Pedro Brogueira,W. C. Brown,R. Bruijn,Peter Buchholz,Antonio Bueno,R. E. Burton,Nicolás G. Busca,Karen S. Caballero-Mora,D. V. Camin,L. Caramete,Rossella Caruso,Wagner Carvalho,Antonella Castellina,Jesús Alberto Martínez Castro,Osvaldo Catalano,Lorenzo Cazon,R. Cester,J. Chauvin,A. Chiavassa,Jose Chinellato,A. Chou,A. Chou,Jiri Chudoba,J. Chye,P. Clark,Roger W Clay,E. Colombo,R. Conceio,B. Connolly,Fernando Contreras,J. Coppens,A. Cordero,A. Cordier,U. Cotti,S. Coutu,Corbin Covault,A. Creusot,A. Criss,J. W. Cronin,J. Cuautle,A. Curutiu,S. Dagoret-Campagne,Richard Dallier,F. Daudo,Kai Daumiller,Bruce R. Dawson,R. M. de Almeida,M. De Domenico,C. De Donato,S. J. De Jong,G. De La Vega,W. J. M. de Mello Junior,J. R. T. de Mello Neto,I. De Mitri,V. de Souza,K. D. de Vries,G. Decerprit,L. del Peral,Olivier Deligny,A. Della Selva,C. Delle Fratte,H. Dembinski,C. Di Giulio,J. S. Díaz,Pham Ngoc Diep,Carola Dobrigkeit,Juan Carlos D'Olivo,P. N. Dong,D. Dornic,A. Dorofeev,J. C. dos Anjos,Maria-Teresa Dova,D. D'Urso,I. Dutan,Michael DuVernois,Ralph Engel,Martin Erdmann,Carlos Escobar,A. Etchegoyen,P. Facal San Luis,P. Facal San Luis,Heino Falcke,Heino Falcke,Glennys R. Farrar,A. C. Fauth,N. Fazzini,Francesc Ferrer,A. Ferrero,Brian Fick,Alberto Filevich,A. Filipi,Ivor Fleck,S. Fliescher,R. Fonte,C. E. Fracchiolla,E. D. Fraenkel,W. Fulgione,R. F. Gamarra,S. Gambetta,B. Garca,D. Garca Gmez,D. Garcia-Pinto,X. Garrido,Heiko Geenen,Graciela B. Gelmini,H. Gemmeke,Piera Luisa Ghia,U. Giaccari,K. Gibbs,M. Giller,J. Gitto,H. Glass,Lisa M. Goggin,M. Gold,G. Golup,F. Gomez Albarracin,M. Gmez Berisso,P.F. Gómez Vitale,P. Gonalves,M. Gonalves Do Amaral,Daniel Gonzalez,J. G. Gonzalez,J. G. Gonzalez,D. Gra,D. Gra,A. Gorgi,P. Gouffon,E. Grashorn,V. Grassi,S. Grebe,M. Grigat,Alexander Grillo,J. Grygar,Y. Guardincerri,N. Guardone,C. Guerard,Fausto Guarino,R. Gumbsheimer,Germano Guedes,J. Gutirrez,J. D. Hague,V. Halenka,Peter Hansen,D. Harari,S. Harmsma,S. Hartmann,John L. Harton,A. Haungs,M. D. Healy,Thomas Hebbeker,G. Hebrero,Dieter Heck,C. Hojvat,V. C. Holmes,Piotr Homola,G. Hofman,J. R. Hrandel,A. Horneffer,M. Horvat,M. Hrabovsk,H. Hucker,Tim Huege,M. Hussain,Marco Iarlori,Antonio Insolia,F. Ionita,A. Italiano,S. Jiraskova,M. Kaducak,Karl-Heinz Kampert,T. Karova,P. H. Kasper,B. Kgl,B. Keilhauer,Ernesto Kemp,H. Kern,R. M. Kieckhafer,H.O. Klages,M. Kleifges,J. Kleinfeller,R. Knapik,J. Knapp,D. H. Koang,Andreas Kopmann,A. Krieger,O. Krmer,D. Kruppke-Hansen,Daniel Kuempel,N. Kunka,Alexander Kusenko,G. La Rosa,C. Lachaud,B. L. Lago,Pascal Lautridou,M. S.A.B. Leo,D. Lebrun,P. Lebrun,John G. Lee,M. A. Leigui de Oliveira,A. Lemiere,A. Letessier-Selvon,Matthias Leuthold,I. Lhenry-Yvon,R. Lpez,A. Lopez Agëra,K. Louedec,J. Lozano Bahilo,A. Lucero,H. Lyberis,M. C. Maccarone,C. Macolino,S. Maldera,Magdalena Malek,Dusan Mandat,Paul M. Mantsch,F. Marchetto,A. G. Mariazzi,Ioana Codrina Maris,H. R. Marquez Falcon,D. Martello,O. Martineau,O. Martnez Bravo,Hermann-Josef Mathes,John Matthews,John Matthews,J. A.J. Matthews,G. Matthiae,D. Maurizio,Peter Mazur,M. McEwen,R. R. McNeil,G. Medina-Tanco,M. Melissas,D. Melo,E. Menichetti,A. Menshikov,R. Meyhandan,M. I. Micheletti,Gennaro Miele,Warner A. Miller,Lino Miramonti,Silvia Mollerach,M. Monasor,D. Monnier Ragaigne,François Montanet,B. Morales,C. Morello,Juan Moreno,Christopher Morris,M. Mostaf,C. A. Moura,M. Mucchi,S. Mueller,Marcio Aparecido Muller,R. Mussa,G. Navarra,J. L. Navarro,S. Navas,P. Necesal,Lukas Nellen,F. Nerling,Catherine Newman-Holmes,D. Newton,P. T. Nhung,D. Nicotra,N. Nierstenhoefer,D. Nitz,D. Nosek,L. Noka,M. Nyklicek,J. Oehlschlger,Angela V. Olinto,Pietro Oliva,V. M. Olmos-Gilbaja,M.E. Ortiz,Fabrizio Ortolani,B. Oßwald,N. Pacheco,D. Pakk Selmi-Dei,M. Palatka,J. Pallotta,G. Parente,E. Parizot,S. Parlati,Sergio Pastor,M. Patel,T. Paul,Vasiliki Pavlidou,K. Payet,Miroslav Pech,J. Pȩkala,I. M. Pepe,L. Perrone,R. Pesce,E. Petermann,Sergio Petrera,P. Petrinca,Alessandro Petrolini,Y. Petrov,J. Petrovic,C. Pfendner,A. Pichel,Ricardo Piegaia,T. Pierog,M. Pimenta,T. Pinto,Valerio Pirronello,Ofelia Pisanti,M. Platino,J. Pochon,V. H. Ponce,M. Pontz,J. Pouryamout,L. Prado,Paolo Privitera,M. Prouza,E. J. Quel,G. Raia,J. Rautenberg,Olivier Ravel,D. Ravignani,A. Redondo,H. C. Reis,S. Reucroft,B. Revenu,F. A. S. Rezende,Jan Ridky,S. Riggi,Markus Risse,C. Rivire,Vincenzo Rizi,C. Robledo,M. Roberts,G. Rodriguez,J. Rodriguez Martino,J. Rodriguez Rojo,I. Rodriguez-Cabo,M. D. Rodrguez-Fras,German Ros,German Ros,Jaime Rosado,T. Rossler,Markus Roth,B. Rouill-D'Orfeuil,Esteban Roulet,A. C. Rovero,F. Salamida,Humberto Ibarguen Salazar,Gaetano Salina,F. Snchez,Marcos Santander,C. E. Santo,E. M. Santos,Fred Sarazin,Subir Sarkar,R. Sato,N. Scharf,V. Scherini,H. Schieler,P. Schiffer,G. Schleif,Alexander Schmidt,Fabian Schmidt,T. Schmidt,Olaf Scholten,H. Schoorlemmer,J. Schovancova,P. Schovnek,F. Schroeder,S. Schulte,F. Schssler,D. Schuster,Sergio Sciutto,Mario Scuderi,A. Segreto,D.V. Semikoz,G. Sequieros,Mariangela Settimo,R. C. Shellard,Iván Sidelnik,Beatriz B. Siffert,A. Smiakowski,R. Mda,A. G. K. Smith,B. E. Smith,Gregory R Snow,Paul Sommers,J. Sorokin,H. M. Spinka,H. M. Spinka,R. Squartini,E. Strazzeri,A. Stutz,F. Suarez,T. Suomijrvi,A. D. Supanitsky,M. S. Sutherland,J. D. Swain,Z. Szadkowski,A. Tamashiro,A. Tamburro,T. Tarutina,O. Tacu,R. Tcaciuc,Denis Tcherniakhovski,N. T. Thao,D. Thomas,R. Ticona,Javier Tiffenberg,C. J.W.P. Timmermans,W. Tkaczyk,C. J. Todero Peixoto,B. Tom,A. Tonachini,I. Torres,P.P. Trapani,Petr Travnicek,D. B. Tridapalli,G. Tristram,E. Trovato,V. Tuci,Matias Tueros,E. Tusi,Ralf Ulrich,M. Unger,Michael Urban,J. F. Valds Galicia,I. Valio,L. Valore,A.M. van den Berg,J. R. Vzquez,R. A. Vzquez,D. Veberi,Antonio Velarde,Tonia M. Venters,V. Verzi,M. Videla,L. Villaseor,G. Vitali,Serguei Vorobiov,L. Voyvodic,Hernan Wahlberg,P. Wahrlich,O. Wainberg,D. Warner,S. Westerhoff,B. J. Whelan,N.R. Wild,C. H. Wiebusch,G. Wieczorek,L. R. Wiencke,B. Wilczyska,H. Wilczyski,C. Wileman,M. G. Winnick,G. Wrner,H. Wu,B. Wundheiler,T. Yamamoto,P. W. Younk,G. Yuan,Alexey Yushkov,Enrique Zas,Danilo Zavrtanik,M. Zavrtanik,I. Zaw,Arnulfo Zepeda,M. Ziolkowski +529 more
TL;DR: The Pierre Auger Observatory is a hybrid detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays as discussed by the authors, which combines a surface array to measure secondary particles at ground level together with a fluorescence detector to measure the development of air showers in the atmosphere above the array.