Stuart Avery

TL;DR: Of these genes, BCL2L1 is a strong candidate for driving culture adaptation of ES cells, and single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis revealed that they included representatives of most major ethnic groups.

TL;DR: The nature of the sequence variants indicates a clear genotype-phenotype correlation between loss-of-function TGFBR1 mutations and MSSE, which distinguishes MSSE from the Marfan syndrome–related disorders in which missense mutations in TGF BR1 lead to developmental defects with vascular involvement but no reported predisposition to cancer.

TL;DR: It is proposed that ELA, acting through an alternate cell-surface receptor, is an endogenous secreted growth factor in human embryos and hESCs that promotes growth and pluripotency.

TL;DR: It is shown that those containing this amplicon have higher population doubling rates, attributable to enhanced cell survival through resistance to apoptosis, and linking this mutation with malignant transformation.

TL;DR: A review of the mechanisms known to control self-renewal and pluripotency in hES cells provides a summary of the molecular mechanisms enabling this process are not fully characterized.